The narrator's name and precise identity is a secret. The narrator provides certain details about his life with the reader. At the time of writing, he is an elderly man, but when he was younger, he looked through the catalog of catalogs. Like the other residents of the Library, he lives alone and has no close friends.

Editor

An editor is supposed to exist in the short story's world even if this character isn't mentioned in the text itself. On the first, sixth, and seventh pages of the story, the editor has written notes for the reader. Borges utilized the device of a fictional editor in other short stories to provide additional detail and discussion on a theme.

Purifiers

Despite this abundance of knowledge, every book is completely useless to the reader, driving librarians to suicidal despair. Because of this, some librarians engage in superstitious and cult-like practices, such as the "Purifiers," who indiscriminately burn books they believe to be nonsense while searching the library for the "Crimson Hexagon".

The book man

The book man is a person who the narrator and other librarians believed might exist The book that served as the cipher or catalog for all the other volumes would have been examined by this librarian.

Starting with the title, "The Library of Babel" is filled with religious allusions and allegories. The Old Testament's first book, Genesis, contains the tale of the tower of Babel, to which the story's title references. The story describes a time when everyone could speak since they all spoke the same language, and they used this capacity to cooperate to build a structure that would reach the heavens. God dispersed the population and made them speak many languages because He believed that humans had overstepped their bounds. Although there are linguistic similarities between the two tales, Borges' tale does not specifically depict God interfering with human affairs.

Language 

There are books in the library that are written in every language that exists, according to the book "The Library of Babel," and the author concludes that many or even all of the books might be read in other languages and have varied meanings as long as the languages share the same alphabet. In an odd passage of the story, the narrator asks the audience outright if they believe they understand what the author is writing because it may be one of those books with several interpretations.

Order

The concept of order is established in "The Library of Babel" as both a contrast and a complement to the concept of randomness. By the end of the tale, the narrator appears to have discovered the source of the Library's difficulty with its infinite size: each librarian in the Library struggles to accept that there is higher order because of what has led them to believe that the Library is random, nonsensical, and unorganized. The author is emotionally exhausted by the endeavor to find meaning and order in the lower-level disorder, yet being able to accept rationally that there is order to the Library on a higher scale.