Preflexion is a reflective practice that occurs before an experience or learning activity, allowing learners to anticipate potential challenges, identify strategies for success, and clarify their goals. Unlike reflection, which looks backward, preflexion focuses on proactive thinking and mental rehearsal. Educators can use preflexion to help students become intentional about their learning by asking guiding questions such as, “What do you expect to learn from this session?” or “What challenges might you face, and how will you address them?” This approach promotes metacognition, self-regulation, and readiness to learn, which are critical for developing adaptive, lifelong learners.

Using Preflexion in Large or Small Groups

Preflexion can be implemented effectively in both large and small group settings. In a large group, an instructor might begin a lecture by asking students to jot down their expectations or anticipated challenges related to the topic, then share themes anonymously through a poll. In a small group, such as a case-based discussion or simulation team, participants can engage in a brief dialogue about how they plan to approach the scenario and what strategies they will use if complications arise.

For example, in medical education, preflexion is especially valuable before a clinical skills simulation. Before entering the simulation, students could discuss questions like, “What steps will you take to ensure patient safety?” and “How will you handle uncertainty if you encounter an unfamiliar symptom?” This primes learners for active engagement, reduces anxiety, and fosters critical thinking before the hands-on experience begins.