https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h PathoPharm 2 en-us 2021-09-28 15:35:16 UTC 2025-12-23 08:54:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f493.png connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775095199 Primary hypertension is the most common type of hypertensive disease. It has no identifiable cause. Older people, African-Americans, and postmenopausal women are at higher risks.]]> 2021-09-28 15:36:24 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775095199 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775096169 remember CO (HR X SV) and all of the components that impact CO (cardiac output) and SV (stroke volume).

HR = Heart 
HR and contractility affected by the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic (central nervous system).

SV = preload, afterload, contractility. volume blood, arterial resistance (constricted arteries), heart pressures.

(flow diagram in video and powerpoint)]]> 2021-09-28 15:36:40 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775096169 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775099995 expected (Relevant): headache

Silent Killer = most common is no symptoms, (besides blood pressure readings)




]]> 2021-09-28 15:37:45 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775099995 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775101898 Faith Umeh
Potassium: normal range is 3.5 - 5.3 mEq/L - most important
Sodium: normal range is 135 - 145 mEq/L

KIDNEY FUNCTION - creatinine .5 to 1.2 (normal)
microalbuminuria

Range of normal, borderline, and high blood pressure
120/80, 121-139/89, 140/90]]> 2021-09-28 15:38:16 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775101898 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775105977 SEE TABLES CREATED IN CLASS
Category:
Thiazide diuretic - HCTZ (almost always in combination with the drug categories below)
ACE "prils" - first choice
ARBS "sartans"
Beta Blocker "olols"
Calcium channel blocker "ines"


Action:


S/E to monitor:
Cough - ACE
Angioedema - ARBS
Hypotension - alpha and nitrates
Bradycardia - BB
peripheral edema - CCB]]> 2021-09-28 15:39:21 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775105977 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775109296 Faith R. - ACE inhibitors and ARBS: avoid giving to pregnant women because can increase risk in HTN.

ARBS: Change postions slowly. Monitor BP during therapy.]]> 2021-09-28 15:40:17 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1775109296 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781576686 treatment]]> 2021-09-30 14:27:11 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781576686 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781579388 Treatment (meds):

For diagnosis prior to pregnancy, all ACE 1, ARBS, and direct renin inhibitors must be held. Calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, and thiazide diuretics can be continued.
For diagnosis after pregnancy: Labetalol and Methyldopa (Codie M, Danielle S , Dustin T)]]> 2021-09-30 14:27:55 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781579388 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781610726 Labetolol or Hydralazine]]> 2021-09-30 14:36:19 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781610726 kaberna2 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781630952 normal sodium levels 135-145 mEq/L]]> 2021-09-30 14:41:54 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781630952 lorendavis https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781631041 nitroprusside: given IV & titrated based on BP]]> 2021-09-30 14:41:56 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1781631041 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782275448 Labetalol & Hydralazine used for Eclampsia]]> 2021-09-30 18:28:42 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782275448 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782286109 2021-09-30 18:33:45 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782286109 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782289517 Normal BP is 120/80]]> 2021-09-30 18:35:25 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782289517 lilbabyboe https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782291291 the body's smaller arterioles narrow, which causes the blood to exert excessive pressure against the vessel walls and making the heart to work harder to maintain the pressure]]> 2021-09-30 18:36:13 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782291291 morekoy1 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782292926 Chronic elevated blood pressure leads to these symptoms which are signs of CHF and MI.
worsening: blood in urine, difficult breathing, especially during exercise, severe chest pain]]> 2021-09-30 18:37:01 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782292926 cwilso522 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782303113 Monitor electrolytes, monitor kidney and liver function, as well as hypotension. Encourage low sodium diet and educate on the signs and symptoms on hypotension so that your patients can notify you if the feel dizzy or light-headed.]]> 2021-09-30 18:41:52 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1782303113 alyboyd10 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1787270041 2021-10-03 13:34:12 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1787270041 alyboyd10 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1787278632 2021-10-03 13:38:45 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1787278632 elg981 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1798679855 2021-10-07 04:35:54 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1798679855 hstudle1 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1812593841 "OLOLs" (ex: metoprolol)
 Action: blocks stimulation of beta adregnergic receptors. Decrease BP by lowering HR and contractility. 
 
 S/E: Bradycardia, pulmonary edema, heart failure, fatigue, hypoglycemia, sexual dysfunction.
 
 Nursing considerations:
 -monitor HR and BP before and after administration. 
 -DO NOT give if HR is below 60 or systolic BP below 90.
 
 Patient teaching:
 -Do not stop medication abruptly. medication must be tapered off to avoid hypertensive crisis (due to rebound hypertension)]]> 2021-10-13 02:23:34 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1812593841 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1815419139 2021-10-14 00:16:29 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1815419139 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1815431587 Beta blockers may cause bradycardia and increased risk of myocardial depression when taken with other drugs that have the same effects. 

Beta blockers can antagonize the effects of bronchodilators, and they can also alter the requirements of insulin and hypoglycemic agents. ]]> 2021-10-14 00:22:49 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1815431587 https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1817801034 "Elevated" BP greater than 120/80. Malignant HTN greater than 200/130.

Hypertensive Crisis: immediate and urgent. Tx- Labetalol

Prehypertension: Borderline high BPs between 120 and 139 mm Hg systolic and 80 to 89 mm Hg diastolic. 
Stage 2 HTN: BP 160/100 to 179/109
Stage 3 HTN: Begin at 180/110 with no upper limit.

At each stage of hypertension the risk of HF, kidney failure, stroke, and MI increase.]]> 2021-10-14 17:40:50 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1817801034 connbarb https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1817843165 Calcium Channel Blockers
Use
Action
SE

]]> 2021-10-14 17:59:01 UTC https://padlet.com/connbarb/zwx946j2jl8n5b3h/wish/1817843165