It featured the use of "person first" language in an attempt to "disassociate the disability as the primary defining characteristic of an individual" (Conlin, 2019). It challenged social and political culture on the semantics of disability language and encouraged discussion of "identity-first language" concerning disability being entwined with one's identity (Conlin, 2019).

Source(s):

Americans with Disabilities, US. (1990). Americans with disabilities act of 1990, as amended. ADA.gov. https://www.ada.gov/law-and-regs/ada/

Conlin, M. (2019). Person-first language vs. identity-first language: An examination of the gains and drawbacks of disability language in society. Journal of Teaching Disability Studies. https://jtds.commons.gc.cuny.edu/person-first-language-vs-identity-first-language-an-examination-of-the-gains-and-drawbacks-of-disability-language-in-society/

Source(s):

Lee, A. (2024). What is The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?. Understood. https://www.understood.org/en/articles/individuals-with-disabilities-education-act-idea-what-you-need-to-know

Lengyel, L., & Vanbergeijk, E. (2021). A brief history of special education: Milestones in the first 50 years (part I of II). “A Brief History of Special Education: Milestones in the First 50 Years (Part I of II)” | EP Magazine. https://www.epmagazine.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-special-education-milestones-in-the-first-50-years-part-i-of-ii

Source(s)

Kansas University,. (2021, February 21). Timeline of the individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA). KU SOE. https://educationonline.ku.edu/community/idea-timeline

The creation of the school provided accessibility to education that is tailored to students' needs along with awareness of the needs and capabilities of deaf individuals. Moreover, it contributed to the development and standardization of American Sign Language (ASL). The school's co-founder Laurent Clerc, used a combination of signed French and early forms of signed English to invent signs that represented parts of English such as gender, articles, and prepositions (Drasgow, 2024). Essentially, these accomplishments helped advance an education model for future schools for deaf individuals across the U.S. It demonstrated effective ways of instruction using sign language and visual learning strategies.

Source(s):

Drasgow, E. (2024, April 7). American sign language. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Sign-Language

Gallaudet University. (2024). From asylum to school: Families Pool their resources - formation of a Community. https://gallaudet.edu/museum/exhibits/history-through-deaf-eyes/formation-of-a-community/from-asylum-to-school-families-pool-their-resources/

Source(s):

Hill, D. A., & Taylor, J. C. (2022). History of the Field of Special Education. In The Palgrave Handbook of Educational Leadership and Management Discourse (pp. 1655-1669). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99097-8_62

The 1954 decision in the Brown v. Board of Education was a defining moment in education. It ruled racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional and in violation of the 14th Amendment's equal protection clause. The case was based on the public education doctrine of "separate but equal" which later concluded the opinion of the court stating the doctrine of "'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." (US Courts, 1954). The court statement noted in Brown was a turning point in the civil rights movement that "sought to integrate people with disabilities into every aspect of society" (Antosh & Imparato, 2014). Ultimately, Brown v. Board of Education set a precedent for the future inclusion of students with disabilities.

Source(s)

Antosh, A., & Imparato, A. (2014, May 16). Private: The meaning of Brown for children with disabilities: ACS. American Constitution Society. https://www.acslaw.org/?post_type=acsblog&p=10186

Warren, E. & Supreme Court Of The United States. (1953) U.S. Reports: Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 . https://www.loc.gov/item/usrep347483/#:~:text=APA%20citation%20style%3A,of%20Education%2C%20347%20U.S.%20483%20.

Source(s):

Disability Justice. (2023, June 1). The right to education. https://disabilityjustice.org/right-to-education/

Ross, Nathaniel, "Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1972)". Embryo Project Encyclopedia ( 2022-05-26 ). ISSN: 1940-5030 https://hdl.handle.net/10776/13335

Sources:

Disability Rights Education, D. F. (2023). Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund. DREDF. https://dredf.org/legal-advocacy/laws/section-504-of-the-rehabilitation-act-of-1973/

Education, US Dep. (2023, July 21). Protecting students with disabilities. Home. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/504faq.html

These measures were set for schools receiving federal funds.

Source(s):

Office, U. S. G. A. (1980). The education for all handicapped children act of 1975. U.S. GAO. https://www.gao.gov/products/113316#:~:text=Schools%20are%20required%20to%20evaluate,children%20as%20much%20as%20possible.