Her major achievement was discovering two new radioactive elements, polonium and radium, alongside her husband, Pierre Curie. She won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) for pioneering research on radioactivity and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911) for discovering radium and polonium and studying their properties.

Her discoveries led to major advancements in medicine, particularly in (1867–1934) particularly in cancer treatment through radiotherapy.

She also broke barriers for women in science, proving that gender is no limitation to groundbreaking research. Today, she continues to inspire women in STEM, encouraging them to pursue careers in physics, chemistry and medicine.

Mae Jemison was born on October 17, 1956, in Decatur, Alabama. She developed an early interest in science and space exploration. Her degree in on Chemical Engineerinf and later a Doctorate in Medicine. Before becoming an astronaut, she participated in medical research in developing countries.

In 1992, Mae Jemison became the first African-American woman in space as a crew member aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour (STS-47). She conducted scientific experiments on weightlessness and motion sickness during the mission.

She launched the 100 Year Starship project, promoting human space travel beyond our solar system.

Mae Jemison shattered racial and gender barriers in space exploration, proving that women and people of color belong in STEM fields. Her achievements have inspired young girls and underrepresented minorities to pursue careers in science, technology, and space research.

Her high-quality images, notably Photo 51, provided critical insights into the helical structure of DNA, laying the groundwork for the discovery of its double-helix configuration.

Impact:

Franklin's meticulous research was crucial in elucidating the structure of DNA, a discovery that has had profound implications for genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology. Her work enabled scientists to understand how genetic information is stored and transmitted, leading to advancements in medicine, forensic science, and evolutionary biology. Despite facing significant gender-based challenges during her career, Franklin's legacy has inspired generations of scientists, particularly women in science, highlighting the importance of perseverance and dedication in research.

She was instrumental in the discovery of artemisinin, a potent anti-malarial compound extracted from the sweet wormwood plant (Artemisia annua).

Her work was conducted as part of Project 523, a classified initiative by the Chinese government in the 1960s aimed at developing effective malaria treatments. Seeking inspiration from historical medical texts, she explored traditional Chinese remedies for clues.

By 1972, her team had successfully isolated artemisinin, laying the groundwork for modern malaria therapies.

In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, becoming the first Chinese scientist to receive the honor without a Western medical degree.

Tu Youyou’s breakthrough transformed malaria treatment, saving millions of lives, particularly in tropical regions. Her achievements underscore the significance of integrating traditional knowledge with scientific innovation, encouraging future generations to pursue groundbreaking research in medicine.

Her Scientific Invention

Besides acting, Lamarr was also a clever inventor. During World War II, she worked with composer George Antheil to create a technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum. They wanted to help the U.S. Navy by making communication signals hard to block or intercept by enemies.

Their idea made the radio signals jump to different frequencies, making it difficult for enemies to listen in. Although the military didn’t use their invention at the time, it later became the basis for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS.

Recognition

For many years, Lamarr’s work in science was not well known. But in 1997, she and Antheil won the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Pioneer Award for their invention. In 2014, Lamarr was honored by being added to the National Inventors Hall of Fame after she passed away.

Hedy Lamarr’s story shows that intelligence and creativity can come from unexpected places. Even though she was famous for her looks, her scientific invention helped change the world of communication forever.

Her Work with Charles Babbage

Ada is best known for her work with Charles Babbage, an English mathematician who is often considered the "father of the computer." Babbage designed a machine called the Analytical Engine, a mechanical computer that could be programmed to perform various calculations. In the mid-1800s, Ada was introduced to Babbage and became fascinated by his ideas.

In 1843, Ada translated an article written by the Italian mathematician Luigi Federico Menabrea, which explained how the Analytical Engine worked. However, Ada did more than just translate the article—she added her own detailed notes, which were three times longer than the original text. In these notes, she described how the machine could be programmed to calculate Bernoulli numbers (a type of mathematical sequence). This is often considered the first computer algorithm, making Ada the world’s first computer programmer.

Although the Analytical Engine was never completed in Ada’s lifetime, her vision for computing was groundbreaking. She recognized that computers could be used for more than just number-crunching, they could be used to manipulate symbols, making them useful for tasks like music, art and even writing. This idea was far ahead of its time and anticipated the versatile role computers play in the world today.

Ada Lovelace's contributions were not widely recognized during her life, but today she is celebrated as a pioneer in computing. Her work laid the foundation for future advancements in programming and computer science. In honor of her legacy, Ada Lovelace Day is celebrated every year to highlight the achievements of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

Her story continues to inspire women in STEM fields, showing that curiosity and creativity can lead to revolutionary ideas, even in areas traditionally dominated by men.

Marie Curie made history as the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) and then again in Chemistry (1911), making her the first person ever to win two Nobel Prizes in different scientific fields.

Her achievements not only advanced science but also broke barriers for women in the scientific community, and she remains an enduring symbol of dedication and resilience in science.

I choose her because she worked quietly and simple, but helped many. She is not from rich place but still do good science. I learned from her that science can help people and girls can make medicine too.

She is scientist from France. She work with another woman and they make CRISPR. This is new tool that can change DNA. It help people fix disease. I don’t understand all science but I know it is big thing. She is modern scientist and show girls can also lead. She get Nobel Prize and I feel proud as girl student. I want to study science more because of her. She is role model for future.

At the time, people didn’t believe her because they thought genes stay in one place. But later, science showed that she was right. She won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983, and she was the only woman to win that prize alone.

I like her story because she didn’t stop her work, even when others didn’t trust her. She worked alone many years and believed in her results. She is an example of being patient and strong. I think she inspires girls to trust themselves in science and never give up, even if it takes time for people to understand you.