England During Total War by Kate Jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627 Made with a wink and a smile en-us 2017-10-12 09:45:39 UTC 2024-12-14 20:34:56 UTC hello@padlet.com women kate_jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337291 During the war many women were recruited into jobs that had previously been done by men that were now off fighting. These jobs included ticket collectors, buses and tram conductors, postal workers, police, firefighters and clerks. Some women even worked in jobs involving heavy machinery, which would have been extremely rare. Many new jobs were also created for them as part of the war effort, such as making weapons in factories. Munition factories became the highest employer of women in 1918 because of the huge amounts of weapons that were required. There was initial resistance to hiring women, but the need for them became urgent once too many men had left to fight. They received less pay than men did - this was instrumental in the beginning of the earliest demands for equal pay.
]]> 2017-10-12 09:54:00 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337291 food/rationing kate_jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337325 Trade of goods between countries had mostly halted during the war, mainly due to the fact that many countries needed the food for themselves, and German submarines called U-boats were attacking trading ships bringing food to England. As well as this, most of the food farmed in England was needed to send to the Front for the troops fighting. Because of this, food was scarce throughout the country, and soon became very expensive. In 1918, the government introduced rationing as a new law in order to make sure food was spread around fairly. Sugar, meat, flour, butter, margarine and milker all examples of food that was rationed. People were given Ration Cards (seen below) that had to be stamped when they bought something.]]> 2017-10-12 09:54:08 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337325 propoganda kate_jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337483 Dora 1914(Defence of the Realm Act)  allowed the government to take control over all aspects of British civilian's lives during the war.

- All media coverage such as newspaper and books were censored and only good news were announced.  This was  because the British government wanted to maintain the morale of the civilians. The newspaper and soldiers' letters were censored. "The Tribunal" (a pacifist newspaper) was shut down, and lies were made up about German atrocities. 

- Literature. film and recruitment posters were extremely popular.  They all had a recurring theme of patriotism and encourages people to join the war effort. The film "The Somme" was a semi-successful attempt at using film for propaganda because the graphic nature of actually seeing the men die upset many viewers.
]]> 2017-10-12 09:54:44 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337483 joining the war/conscription kate_jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337604 - 1 in 4 men by the end of the war had voluntarily joined the armed forces- 2.67 million men joined as volunteers- 2.77 million men were conscripted- men who did not join the army were regarded as cowards- 250,000 underage boys enlisted, most supervisors turned a blind eye- Considered shameful to not enlist after 18

]]> 2017-10-12 09:55:16 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337604 opposition to war kate_jolly https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337736 - opposition included groups such as anarchists, syndacalists, Marxists, Irish nationalists, women's groups, intellectuals, rural folk and Christian pacifists.

- Conscientious objectors or 'conchies' were those that opposed the war due to either religion or personal ideology. They had to go to trial to prove their reasons for not joining the war.

-Order of the White feather- White feathers were given to men as a symbol of cowardice and for not enlisting in the army.

]]> 2017-10-12 09:55:52 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337736 casualties ailsa_philbin https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337767 700,000 British men were killed in combat]]> 2017-10-12 09:56:01 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337767 the economy ailsa_philbin https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337850 When war began in 1914, Britain was quickly faced with market panic and a massive financial crisis across the country. The government had to reassure the markets and prepare the country for the costs of war. In total, for Britain, the war cost £3,251,000,000. Because of this massive strain in the economy, the government was forced to find other ways to raise money. They turned to direct taxes, on things like property and income, but on a much larger scale than before. Before the war, income tax was only paid by 2% of the population. During the war, 8% were paying income tax. The government
 also ended up borrowing huge amounts of money in the form of international loans. Big promotional campaigns were also used to inspire the country to invest in the war effort, as the government also needed to borrow from the public. Finally, they also printed more money - however this was with high risks of inflation. These techniques allowed for `Britain to win the war without the economy collapsing. However they would have to deal with the problems this caused in the years after the war.]]> 2017-10-12 09:56:25 UTC https://padlet.com/kate_jolly/zsne95doz627/wish/196337850