"Smartphones." Gale, 2018. Opposing

Despite counterclaims that strong attachments to smartphones and the Internet are misclassified as addictions, the prevailing consensus among experts is that connected technologies do appear to have a major impact on human behavior, cognition, and social function. The research community notes the need for further inquiry into these issues, and stresses the importance of setting limits on smartphone and connected device usage, particularly among young people (Gale 2018).

California addressed other security concerns in a 2014 law requiring all newly manufactured smartphones sold in the state to contain features that allow users to render their phones inoperable in the event of loss or theft. The law provides enhanced personal privacy and security protections that strictly limit or eliminate the amount of personal information that could be collected on the owner of a lost or stolen device.

Smartphones are also the target of concerns over certain law enforcement agency activities. Between 2015 and 2016, the US federal government reported a 500 percent increase in the number of electronic media and smartphone searches conducted at border checkpoints. Though courts have upheld that passcodes are protected under the Fifth Amendment, in 2014, a Virginia court ruled that police had the right to compel suspects to use their fingerprints to unlock their smartphones during criminal investigations (Gale 2018).

92 percent of students in grades 6–12 who were surveyed in 2016 felt it was important for them to use their cell phones in school for learning purposes, while 71 percent of

more than 29,300 parent respondents agreed that their children should have mobile devices in school.  "Cell Phones in Schools." Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2018. Opposing Viewpoints In Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/YYOJUC287392073/OVIC?u=lom_accessmich&sid=OVIC&xid=cccafc9e. Accessed 18 May 2018.