Louis Pasteur was a French biologist and chemist known for his remarkable discoveries for vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization. He saved many lives with these discoveries and is regarded as the father of microbiology. He created vaccines for anthrax and rabies but is best known for his technique for treating wine and milk to get rid of bacterial contamination, this process is now called pasteurization. He proved that without contamination, microorganisms couldn’t survive. He also noticed that in sterilized and closed flasks there were no bacteria but in unsterilized and open flasks there were bacteria. 

When he worked in Lille he started his work on fermentation. He proposed a theory that said that fermentation was caused by decomposition, only until he demonstrated why his theory was wrong. He then explained that fermentation is actually caused by yeast. He then explained that when a microorganism contaminated the wine it would become sour. He proved that microorganisms often ruined beverages such as wine and beer.  

Pasteur created the vaccine for rabies by growing rabies in rabbits and then weakening the virus by drying the nerve the nerve tissue. The vaccine was tested on 50 dogs before its first human trial. This was a 9 year old boy, Joseph Meister, after he had been attacked by an infected dog. This experiment was done at risk for Pasteur, because he was not a licensed physician. The vaccine was a success and became more widely used.

Pasteur was born on December 27^th 1822 and died September 28^th 1895. He lived a memorable life and that is why today he is regarded as the father of microbiology.