33 Clean Air Act (1963) is responsible for: Estimates responsible for: Saving 15,000 lives per year Reducing bronchitis by 60,000 cases each year Reducing respiratory related illnesses by 9,000 cases each year Pollutant Changes Pollutant% Change Pb (lead)-98% VOC-42% SO 2 -37% CO-31% NO x +17% PM % 

34 Relevant laws Air Pollution Control Act (1955) 1 st legislation regarding air pollution Identified air pollution as a national problem Announced research and additional steps were necessary Basically meant to make public aware of problem National Environmental Policy Act (1970) Created EPA Mandated the creation of Environmental Impact Statements 

35 Relevant laws Montreal Protocol (1989) Agreement among nations to phase out chemicals that damage the ozone layer Pollution Prevention Act (1990) Requires industry to reduce pollution at its source Reduction can be in terms of volume and/or toxicity 

36 Kyoto Protocol (1997 and 2001) An agreement among 150 nations requiring greenhouse gas reductions Would have required a 7% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions compare to 1990 levels over a 5 year period US felt protocol held developed and developing countries to different standards Concerned the costs were too high and time frame too short; climate change deniers 2012: Canada, Japan, and Russia joined the US saying they would not sign an agreement unless unbalanced requirements for developed and developing countries were changed 

Electricity | Alternative energy for power generation | Reduce total demand through awareness raising | Reduce demand through better energy conservation
Release and transfer | Car, buses and taxis | Monitor and regulate exhaust emissions
Electricity and industry | Use cleaner fuels | Clean up acidified emission by using limestone scrubbers
Effects | Soils | Liming of Soil to reduce acidity
Water | Monitoring of plankton indicator species to gauge recovery
Living organisms | Captive breeding of endangered species