🧾 Title:

pH Detective Case Report – (Write Your Name Here)

🕵️‍♂️ Investigation Evidence:

Upload screenshots of:

Step 1 answers (water tank investigation)

Step 2 answers (pH scale + colors + criminal)

Step 3 table (PhET simulation results)

📊 pH Scale:

Attach or draw a clear pH scale (0–14) showing acids, neutral, and bases.

✏️ Answer:

Is a liquid with pH 2 safe to drink? Why?

Which is more dangerous: pH 1 or pH 13? Explain.

🎯 Conclusion:

🧪 Mission Complete: pH Detective Certified!

Name:Iman Zeaiter

STEP 1 :

1.What happened to the water in the tank?

The water changed the color because a substance was added to it

2.List the suspects found near the water tank .

. Lemon juice

.Milk

.Backing soda

3 Classify each suspect

Substance Acid /Base/Neutral

Lemon juice Acid

Milk Acid

Baking soda Base

4. Which suspect do you think caused the change ? Why ? Baking soda because it is a base and reacts strongly in the water

STEP 2:

What is the pH scale ?

The pH scale is a scale from 0 to 14 used to measure how acidic neutral ,or basic a substance is

2. What colors are associated with each on the pH scale?

   .Acid red/orange/yellow

   .Neutral green

   . Base blue / purple

3. Final suspect based one evidence

   . Criminal: Lemon juice

   . Type : acid

   . Evidence: Lemon juice is the criminal because it is an acid and changed the water to acidic (low pH).

   
   

STEP 3:

Substance pH Value type

Drain Cleaner 13.00 basic

Milk 6.50 Acidic

Orange juice 3.50 Acidic

Water 7.00 Neutral

STEP 4:

Is a liquid with pH 2 safe to drink? Why?

No, it is not safe to drink.

Why?

Because pH 2 is very acidic, and strong acids can harm your mouth, throat, and stomach.

Which is more dangerous: pH 1 or pH 13? Explain ?

pH 1 is more dangerous because it is a very strong acid that can cause burns.

Conclusion

Who is the criminal

Lemon juice

Step1:

1. What happened to the water in the tank?

   The water in the tank became undrinkable.

2. List the suspects found near the water tank.

   °Lemon juice

   °Milk

   °Baking soda

3. Classify each suspect.

   Substance | acid/base/neural

   Lemon juice |acid

   Milk |acid

   Baking soda |base

4. Which suspect do you think caused the change? Why?

   I think lemon juice caused the change because it's the most acidic.

   Step2

   1.what is the pH scale?

   The pH scale is used to measure acid or basic.

   2.what colors are associated with each on the pH scale?

   Acid -->orange

   Neutral -->green

   Base -->blue

   3.Final suspect based on the evidence.

   Criminal :Lemon juice

   Evidence : The water in the tank became orange and the lemon juice turned orange.

   Step3

   1. Substance |pH value |type

      Drain cleaner|13|basic

      Milk |6.50|acidic

      Orange juice|3.50|acidic

      Water |7|Neutra

      1. Wich substancd is most acidic?

      Lemon juice

   2. Wich substance is most basic?

      Drain cleaner

   3. What happens to color as pH changes?

      From 0 -->7 the color becomes lighter while from 7 -->14 the color becomes darker.

      Step4

      1. Is a liquid with PH 2 safe to drink? Why?

         No because a liquid with pH 2 can cause chemical burns.

      2. Which is more dangerous pH2 or pH 13? Explain .

         Both are extremely because they can cause severe chemical burns when contacting with skin.

2:Both pH 1 and pH 13 are extremely dangerous, and neither is safe, but neither is universally “more dangerous” in all cases—they are dangerous in different ways.

A substance with pH 1 is extremely acidic, meaning it can quickly burn and destroy tissues like the mouth, throat, and stomach by breaking down cells. A substance with pH 13 is extremely alkaline (basic), and it can also cause severe chemical burns, often by breaking down fats and proteins in tissues, sometimes causing deeper or less immediately painful damage.

Because the pH scale is logarithmic, both are equally extreme at opposite ends of the scale, so in general science terms they are considered similarly dangerous, just with different chemical effects on the body.

3:Based on the evidence that the water turned orange with a pH of 2, the criminal is lemon because it is the only substance among lemon, milk, and baking soda that is strongly acidic and matches a very low pH, while milk is only slightly acidic and baking soda is basic.

1.The water tank was contaminated by different unknown substances.

2. -Baby Milky / Milky 🍼

-Mr. Sour / Lemon 🍋

-Lucky Soda / Baking Soda 🥫

3. ________________________________

| Substance | Type |

________________________________

| Lemon juice🍋 | Base |

________________________________

| Milk 🍼 | Acid |

________________________________

| Baking soda 🥫 | Acid |

________________________________

4. I think its lemon since it contains citric acid which might cause changes in the water's taste (sourness). 🍋

Step 2: Reveal the Truth 🧠

1.Its an indicator that shows if something is acidic, neutral, or basic.📊

2. Acid --> Orange 🧡

Neutral --> Green 💚

Base --> Blue 💙

3. Mr. Sour / Lemon 🍋

Acid

The pH scale of the contaminated water showed orange🧡 and did the lemon's🧡.

Step 3: Scientific Testing 👾

________________________________

| Substance| pH value| Type |

________________________________

| Drain cleaner| 13.0 | Base |

________________________________

| Milk | 6.50 | Acid |

________________________________

| Orange Juice | 3.50| Acid |

________________________________

| Water | 7.0 | Neutral |

________________________________

Step 4: Final Report 📄

1. Liquid with pH 2 isn't safe to drink since it's too acidic which might cause severe chemical burns.🧪

2.pH 1 is safer since it's not as basic as pH 13 which can cause skin irritation and much more, and acids are most likely to be found in harmless things like apples, lemons, and even ants while bases are most likely to be found in things that need supervision like drain cleaner, stomach tablets, and even cleaning products.📈📉

Conclusion!

The water tank's pH showed orange which meant acid instead of blue which meant neutral, so some substance entered it was lemon juice since by using the pH scale we indicate that it's pH is orange making Lemon juice the criminal.

Thank you!

Step 1:

1) The water in the tank has been contaminated due to unknown substances.

2) •Baby Milky

•Miss. Lucky Soda

•Mr. Sour

3)lemon juice: acidic

Milk: acidic

Baking soda: basic

4)Mr. Sour

Step 2:

1) A ph scale is a way to measure how acidic or basic a substance is.

2) Lemon - orange color

Milk - yellow color

Baking soda- blue color

3) criminal : Mr. Sour

Type: ■acidic

Evidence: pH=2<7 and orange color

Step 3:

Orange juice : ph=3.5/ acid

Milk: ph=6.5/ slightly acidic

Drain cleaner: ph=13/ base

1) orange juice

2) drain cleaner

3) the color changes according to the ph.

1) a liquid with a pH=2 is not safe to drink because it is strongly acidic which means it can hurt the stomach, but it can be safe if its natural acid (lemon) and in small amounts.

2) A pH =1 and a pH=13 are both dangerous but ph=1 is more dangerous because of the strong acidity which is close to the acidity of the stomach so its very dangerous to drink.