City Life by Alyssa N https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd Alyssa Nguyen & Clare Mccarthy en-us 2018-02-19 13:18:10 UTC 2018-02-21 13:41:28 UTC hello@padlet.com 1900 New York City Tenements 19nguyena https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232916671 Children try to find entertainment in crammed situations where the lack of sanitation promotes the spread of disease.]]> 2018-02-19 13:43:11 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232916671 Chinatown of New York City 19nguyena https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232976464 Ethnic neighborhoods occupy the inner city in 1870.]]> 2018-02-19 16:25:30 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232976464 47th Street Dump, NYC 19nguyena https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232977682 The poor sort through trash in a places they have made home]]> 2018-02-19 16:28:43 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232977682 New York City Courtyard Serves Multiple Purposes 19nguyena https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232978937 Garbage and waste fill the same space where clothes are hung and children play.]]> 2018-02-19 16:31:52 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/232978937 The fatality rate in cities was very high. In an immigrant ward in Chicago in 1900, 20% of babies did not live to see their first birthday.Working class families adopted a fatalistic outlook and planned around this by having large families so that at least some children would survive. As for adults, between 1840 and 1870, 25% of 20 year olds did not make it to 30 years old. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233367037 (US History Scene/Enduring Vision]]> 2018-02-20 16:42:03 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233367037 Many large cities experienced an outbreak of diseases- smallpox, typhoid, malaria, tuberculosis and more- during the mid to late 19th century. For instance, an outbreak of cholera killed over 5000 people in New York City in 1849. This overwhelming disease was much in part to the lack of a proper sewage system. Most people used outhouses and the poorest people simply dig trenches outside their houses. This waste often ran into the streets. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233367898 (US History Scene)]]> 2018-02-20 16:43:30 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233367898 In many cities, pigs were allowed to roam the streets. Urbana, Illinois even had a greater population of pigs than people! Although they were smelly, overran public spaces, and created chaos, pigs were tolerated because they are garbage. In addition, horse manure covered the streets due to horse and buggy transport. When the manure dried, it turned into dust which covered clothes and polluted the air. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233368243 (Good Ole Days)]]> 2018-02-20 16:44:06 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233368243 Every major city had slums, but the situation was worst in New York City. Between 1868 and 1875, five-hundred-thousand people, or about half of the population, lived in slums. Slums became ghettos when only a certain ethnicity was pressured into living there. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233369012 (Good Ole Days/Enduring Vision)]]> 2018-02-20 16:45:25 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233369012 In the slums, as many as eight people shared a 10x12 foot living room and a 6x8 foot bedroom. Living conditions were horrible; with dangerously rickety stairs, dirt-filled sinks, and leaking pipes. Despite the less than ideal conditions, rent per square foot of slums was 25-35% higher than than for fancy apartments in uptown New York because the “slumlords” wanted to exploit their tenants as much as possible. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233369673 (Good Ole Days)]]> 2018-02-20 16:46:24 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233369673 Department stores, such as Macy’s in New York City, made shopping a more prominent part of city culture. The stores were very fancy and richly decorated, becoming a workplace for lower classes and both a form of entertainment and a way to secure social status for the upper classes. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233372698 (Enduring Vision)]]> 2018-02-20 16:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233372698 New York City Macy's 19nguyena https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233376639 New Macy's department store in 1907]]> 2018-02-20 16:57:36 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233376639 The leisure time and income of the urban middle class increased, allowing for recreation at newly built parks, amusement parks, and baseball stadiums. One of the most famous parks was Coney Island in Brooklyn, which attracted people from all locations and social tiers. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233377995 (AP Study Notes/Library of Congress)]]> 2018-02-20 16:59:43 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233377995 The Salvation Army was an agency founded in England that sent volunteers to American cities in 1880. The organization established soup kitchens, child day cares, shelter, and temporary employment for the urban poor. The Army wanted to teach the poor values of temperance and diligence. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233378566 (Enduring Vision)]]> 2018-02-20 17:00:36 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233378566 During this time period, many immigrant groups migrated to cities and made a life for themselves. One group was Eastern European Jews, 2.5 million of whom were forced from their homeland for political and economic reasons. They established “Jewish” areas of cities where Yiddish was spoken and Jewish families ran businesses. In enclaves such as these, immigrants attempted to continue their ethnic customs and traditions.This established the diverse, multiethnic culture of America that is still visible today (loc.gov). However, many Nativist groups viewed immigrants as the cause behind the problems of urbanization (overcrowding, disease, lack of jobs, etc.) which led to restrictions on immigration, such as the Immigration Act of 1882. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233555705 (Library of Congress/US History Scene)]]> 2018-02-20 23:44:22 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233555705 As the populations of cities grew, public education was prioritized because Americans wanted to create a more knowledgeable, and therefore more productive, population. By 1900, there were over six-thousand American high schools with free textbooks for all students. Immigrants also contributed their own traditions to the American education system, such as how Germans established kindergarten classes for their young children. Overall, urban public education helped decrease the illiteracy rate from twenty to eleven percent from 1870 to 1900. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233557289 (AP U.S. History Notes)]]> 2018-02-20 23:53:46 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233557289 Horse-Drawn Street Car 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233557992 A horse-drawn street car in Detroit circa 1915-1925.]]> 2018-02-20 23:58:11 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233557992 The urban working class turned to city streets and saloons for a much needed dose of recreation. All laborers could buy food and drink from street peddlers, listen to street musicians, and soak up the excitement of the city. Saloons were mainly for male laborers and functioned as gathering places for companionship and a place to grab a drink, thus naturally a target of temperance reformers. New York City contained about ten-thousand saloons by 1900. 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233560071 (The Enduring Vision)]]> 2018-02-21 00:12:21 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233560071 Luna Park and Surf Avenue, Coney Island 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233560601 An image of Coney Island, a popular amusement park in New York City, around 1912.]]> 2018-02-21 00:16:08 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233560601 Countries of Birth of the Foreign-Born Population of New York City (1860-1910) 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233563431 New York City was the largest and most diverse city during the 19th century with its huge immigrant population.]]> 2018-02-21 00:35:00 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233563431 School District of Philadelphia, 1910 19mccarthyc https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233564787 The school district enrolled many adults in evening classes, including immigrants from eastern and southern Europe. The immigrants' ignorance was thought to harm the city, so the school blatantly stated,  "It pays the state to educate."]]> 2018-02-21 00:44:08 UTC https://padlet.com/19nguyena/zda9tveek1bd/wish/233564787