Unit 9 Review by Ethen Smith https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9 Made with a little mischief en-us 2019-02-12 20:22:20 UTC 2019-02-14 19:21:37 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Growing.png Cornelius Vanderbilt e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330555564 Moved from steamboat industry to become a railroad pioneer

Merged local railroads into NY Central railroad


]]> 2019-02-12 20:31:07 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330555564 Railroad industry b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556167 Boom of this industry after Civil War [1865-1900]

First national big business]]> 2019-02-12 20:32:25 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556167 Transcontinental railroad b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556704 Central pacific railroad and union pacific railroad met in 
Promontory summit  in Utah (golden spike) [1869]

Merged eastern and western markets in the US and caused interstate trade to boom
]]> 2019-02-12 20:33:31 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556704 Oil Industry b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556765 2019-02-12 20:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556765 Rockefeller b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556949 Successful businessman

His oil company, Standard Oil, utilized horitzonal integreation to consolidate other oil companies to create a monopoly


]]> 2019-02-12 20:33:53 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330556949 Capitalism e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330557621 An economy where trade and industry is privately owned for profit as opposed to state or gov. or state owned businesses]]> 2019-02-12 20:35:05 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330557621 Horizonal Integration b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330558801 One company gains control over other companies that produce the same product]]> 2019-02-12 20:37:27 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330558801 Laissez-Faire e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330560652 Developed by Adam Smith, L-F Capitalism is the belief that the gov. should NOT interfere with the economy and should let the markets handle it]]> 2019-02-12 20:41:17 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330560652 Rockefeller presented offers to oil companies that the companies could not refuse b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330560798 2019-02-12 20:41:37 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330560798 Told company owners that they could keep their position but the company now belongs to Rockefeller b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330561962 2019-02-12 20:43:49 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330561962 Trusts e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330562078 A large body of companies working in the same field; usually held major market power ]]> 2019-02-12 20:44:03 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330562078 Standard Oil b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330563434
Controlled 90% of oil refinery businesses by 1881]]> 2019-02-12 20:46:39 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330563434 Monopolies e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330564605 When a business owns all of their competition and their business because they were able to buy out the competitors]]> 2019-02-12 20:49:16 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330564605 Settlement in the west b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330566715 [1860-1900]]]> 2019-02-12 20:54:22 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330566715 Steel Industry b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330566917 2019-02-12 20:54:46 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330566917 Morrill Act [1862] b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567320 Federal land sold to create colleges dedicated to the study of agriculture, mechanical arts and military tactics (A&M)

]]> 2019-02-12 20:55:45 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567320 Vertical Integration b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567437
Occurs when one company both the production and distribution of a product]]> 2019-02-12 20:55:52 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567437 Andrew Carnegie b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567571
Successful businessman

His company, US Steel, utilized vertical integration to become major powerhouse company

]]> 2019-02-12 20:56:14 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330567571 Assimilation b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570655 To end Indian culture with formal education (teach them white culture), job training, conversion to Christianity, boarding school for Indians, segregation of children from parents

]]> 2019-02-12 21:03:43 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570655 US Steel b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570795 2019-02-12 21:04:14 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570795 Dawes Severalty Act [1889] b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570958 Break up tribal organization(Indian families) by divide tribal lands in 160 acres and grand U.S. citizenship to those who stayed for 25 years (47 million to Indians but 90 Million to white settlers, speculator)

]]> 2019-02-12 21:04:54 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330570958 Socialism e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330571595 Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterized by social ownership and workers' self-management of the means of production]]> 2019-02-12 21:07:13 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330571595 Indian Conflict with the U.S. b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330572045 Because the federal government took land from the indians]]> 2019-02-12 21:08:28 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330572045 Eugene V. Debs e_smith16 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330572152 Socialist leader in American who was an advocate for workers rights and formed the Industrial Workers of the World]]> 2019-02-12 21:08:52 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330572152 Industrialism b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330642551
Rise of industrial America starting near end of Civil War]]> 2019-02-13 02:13:45 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330642551 Concentration of wealth b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330643102
New US social structure

In 1890s, richest 10% owned 90% of wealth]]> 2019-02-13 02:16:37 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330643102 Horatio Alger b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330643475
Wrote novels portraying young, hard-working man who becomes wealthy

Rags-to-riches career was unusual tho]]> 2019-02-13 02:18:51 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330643475 Gospel of Wealth b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330644312
A number of people used religion to justify wealth of successful industrialists & bankers]]> 2019-02-13 02:23:53 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330644312 Social Darwinism b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330644862
Belief that ideas of natural selection should be applied to marketplace

Concentrating wealth in hands of the “fit” benefited everyone]]> 2019-02-13 02:26:44 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330644862 Unions b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645213 2019-02-13 02:29:03 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645213 Craft unions b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645333
Generally smaller, more restricted, & emphasize specific skill level

More exclusive (didn't allow women or ppl of color)]]> 2019-02-13 02:29:42 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645333 Union strikes b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645685
Laborers strike for better conditions/pay/etc]]> 2019-02-13 02:31:40 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645685 Haymarket Affair b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645949
Strike for 8 hr work day

Bomb was thrown & killed 7 police officers]]> 2019-02-13 02:32:59 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330645949 Knights of Labor b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646162
Labor union that was blamed for bombing

Membership declined after Haymarket Affair]]> 2019-02-13 02:34:17 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646162 "Bread and butter" union goals b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646691
Called this bc they just wanted the basics of union demands:

1. Higher wages
2. Less hours
3. Better working conditions]]> 2019-02-13 02:37:52 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646691 American Federation of Labor (1886) b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646743
Took small craft unions, put them all together, and made a large singular industry]]> 2019-02-13 02:38:17 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330646743 Panic of 1893 b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330647862
Financial crisis

Caused 1/4 of all railroad companies to go bankrupt

Made railroad system more efficient]]> 2019-02-13 02:45:14 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330647862 National markets b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330648428
Ability to transport goods across country allows global exchange of goods]]> 2019-02-13 02:48:40 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330648428 J.P. Morgan b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330923406 an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in the United States of America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.]]> 2019-02-13 17:21:03 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330923406 Populist Party b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924004 Farmers unhappy with the Democratic and Republican Parties. Believed that the federal government needed to play a more active role in the American economy by regulating various businesses, especially the railroads.
Supported Woman Suffrage.]]> 2019-02-13 17:22:03 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924004 Gilded Age b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924540 The Gilded Age in United States history is the late 19th century, from the 1870s to about 1900. 
Characterized by immense industrialization ]]> 2019-02-13 17:22:59 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924540 14th Amendment b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924653 All persons born in the United States are citizen. No state deny privileges of a US citizen, life, liberty, property, trial,and equal protection of the laws.]]> 2019-02-13 17:23:12 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330924653 Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) [1905] b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925023 2019-02-13 17:23:50 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925023 Corporation b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925138 2019-02-13 17:24:00 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925138 Trade Union b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925219 an organized association of workers in a trade, group of trades, or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests; a labor union.]]> 2019-02-13 17:24:08 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925219 Protective Tariff b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925549 Tariffs put in place to encourage the sale of domestic products]]> 2019-02-13 17:24:43 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925549 Agricultural surplus b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925692 2019-02-13 17:24:54 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925692 The Grange Movement [1868] b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925890 Social and educational organization for farmers and their families and then became active in economics and politics

]]> 2019-02-13 17:25:14 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330925890 Agricultural technology b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330926041 inventions like the McCormick Reaper helped farmers increase productions of goods]]> 2019-02-13 17:25:28 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330926041 Farming Concerns mid-late 1800s b_via1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330926174 Gov. focused on the prosperity of industry over farms

Farming became more commercialized and expensive 

Farmers had to pay increasing debts with decreasing prices]]> 2019-02-13 17:25:40 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330926174 Frederick Jackson Turner's "Frontier Thesis" b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330961003 “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” 1893

Said frontier allowed fresh start (promoted indep & individualism) until frontier was gone]]> 2019-02-13 18:20:09 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330961003 Immigrants b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330961993
More immigrants bc of negative reasons (poverty, overcrowding in cities, political persecution)and positive (political/religious freedom, economic opportunity)


]]> 2019-02-13 18:21:53 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330961993 Growth of cities and American culture b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330963694 2019-02-13 18:24:56 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330963694 Homestead Act (1862) b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330966628 Offered 160 acres of pub land to any fam that settled it for 5 yrs

500k fams went to West


]]> 2019-02-13 18:30:17 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330966628 Tariff effects on farmers b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330971418
Tariffs made foreign goods more expensive so farmers lives and business also became more expensive]]> 2019-02-13 18:38:41 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330971418 Indian reservations b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330976446
US forced Indians to leave lands in West

Either forced them to assimilate or organized Indian tribes into reservations]]> 2019-02-13 18:46:57 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/330976446 Income inequality b_kirkeby1 https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/331114981
Huge gap between the rich and the poor]]> 2019-02-14 01:36:20 UTC https://padlet.com/e_smith16/za4l8tu2czj9/wish/331114981