Project Title: Do rhythm and tempo influence our emotional response? 

Ip issues - Referencing - having the copyright open (ie what you do through you Marty songs)
copyright research that you've done

WIPO WEBSITE
- understanding of all areas of IP
- just about protecting
- if someone uses your work you'll be able to get credit

- copyright - option to register - prove/disprove
- commercial use/ some gain
- pattern
- trademark

Methodology
- covers physical and theoretical aspects of your

literature - referencing
- things that already exist
other research that backs that up
grouping your referencing  pros/cons

Practical methodology
- how you're getting the research

changing elements - but why are they different and why it contracts with the theoretical methodology 

- survey
-  testing the songs
- the songs

theoretical methodology
describing why your using the chosen elemnt

Ethical
- just talk about the participants
- consent/ identity will not be relevant 
- the participants should be aware that they can leave the assessment at any time
- I will be keeping them confidential - Participant no 1....
- if they no longer want to participate with the assessment their will be scraped

see if the bpm matches with the heart rate


Your resting heart rate

For most healthy women, resting heart rates range from 60 to 100 beats per minute. ... If your resting heart rate is consistently above 80 beats per minute, you might want to talk to your doctor about how your heart rate and other personal factors influence your risk for cardiovascular disease.

 




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Levitin, D. (2016). This is your brain on music. New York: Dutton an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC.

 

Levitin, D. (n.d.). The world in six songs.

 

Thaut, M. (2008). Rhythm, music, and the brain [electronic resource] : scientific foundations and clinical applications. New York : Routledge.

 

Anon, (2016). Influence of Tempo and Rhythmic Unit in Musical Emotion Regulation. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971092/ [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

 

Collins, P. (2010). YouTube. [online] Youtu.be. Available at: https://youtu.be/YkADj0TPrJA [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019]. 

 

Jackson, M. (2018). YouTube. [online] Youtu.be. Available at: https://youtu.be/K_lGnSauan8 [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

Importance of tempo. (2016). [online] Available at: https://youtu.be/PG98u8q-VSE [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

Youtu.be. (2017). YouTube. [online] Available at: https://youtu.be/s19Fr-_WaXo [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

Youtu.be. (2013). YouTube. [online] Available at: https://youtu.be/N5VDXcmRiaU [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

Youtu.be. (2019). YouTube. [online] Available at: https://youtu.be/nT3O93-nxDc [Accessed 15 Nov. 2019].

 

 

 

https://open.spotify.com/track/5C8szoUrtmYOizu1ykbK0C?si=JY0FFcTISjGp27wRTSUqJQ

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

         Project Title: Does rhythm and tempo influence our emotional response?

 Introduction 

Project Description: Does the combination of rhythm and other instrumental aspects and what emotional impact can it have for the listener. Throughout my journey of becoming a musician, I have been fascinated by the human connection between music and the mind. As individuals, we all have various responses during our day to day life. But when it comes to music we all can share the same emotional experience. Throughout this course, I am investigating why and how rhythm and melody can impact our emotion. My question Does rhythm and tempo influence our emotional response? understand the reasoning behind the music I will be researching tests and experiments that have been previously been done and compare them with my own experimental music survey.

My main goal is to identify whether music can influence our emotional response. I'm going to conduct practice-based research that will be focusing on the instrumental aspect such as rhythm, tempo and melody. My investigation is to combine both melody and rhythm to see if there is a dramatical impact on the listener. My primary research will include a survey discussing peoples emotional opinions between my compositional work. This will include one original composition involving just a simple melody and chord progression, that will be altered by various drum patterns and styles and tempos.

My intention for this research is to identify peoples’ reactions to my music. Does this music relive or intensify discomfort within different rhythm and tempos? I believe this will be useful for students and working individuals that struggle to relax without music. Will some research and individual assessments I want to understand and test if people can relax and be productive with our without rhythm and tempo. There is little knowledge on this topic in various studies, books and articles, however, most are down to the individual interpretation. Meaning that there isn’t always a consistent study identifying emotional and physical impact towards the listener based on rhythm and tempo alone. With this in mind, I will be producing my survey with all types of people, gender, race and age. As in many cases, music has no boundaries so why would I limit myself during my survey results. In hopes of this, I will get a wider result that can be useful in determining if there are any similar or different outcomes. 

In regards to this research, I believe this would be useful in terms of helping out people especially students who struggle to relax without music. 

 

The whole project has been inspired by a book written by Daniel Levitin called ‘This is your brain on music” it goes in-depth on how our brains identify, listen and use music in day to day life. Ranging from various rhythmic and tempo content. I'm wanting to read more into this book as well as other references that will help construct the psychological research that can back up my project. Most of my secondary research has been done before and I will be will be assessing various books articles specifying the physical and emotional impact on music. I will be also fining videos to support my findings. (Levitin, 2016)

 

 

 

The bullet points below are targets which are stated in an article I’ve been referencing (Anon, 2016) this is an inspirational goal for composing the listening survey. I've done this to give a wider experimental reading. Which hopefully will give alternative outcomes. 

·       “Tension”: from Relaxing to Stressing

·       “Expressiveness”: from Expressionless to Expressive

·       “Amusement”: from Boring to Amusing

·       “Attractiveness”: from Pleasant to Unpleasant

(Anon, 2016)

three songs were written in order to assess

Practical based research
The Compositions for the survey plan (Current plan)

The songs will be 16 to 32 seconds long this is to make sure the participants are not bored or distracted. 

Song 1 - Daydream - Example 1 - original 

                                   - Example 2 - slow
                                   - Example 3 - fast
(+ bird songs added in the background to add a relaxing feel) + research of nature sounds helps for relaxation
+ popular reference song   https://youtu.be/nI0ocFuea_s


Song 2 - Powers - Example 1 - original
                              - Example 2 - slow
                              - Example 3 - fast

(+ Dentist drill = tension and uncomforting) + research of sounds that cause our fears
+ popular reference song = Billie Eilish - bury a friend   https://youtu.be/HUHC9tYz8ik



Survey Style  

 

Instead of letting the participant type or write down their answers. I will be using rating scales and matrix questions for them to fill out. This will be done through Surveymonkey.com. I'm constructing the survey so it's designed in a simpler structure, so they can prioritise and remember their answers easier.  In recent studies regarding surveys, I have found out that the majority of people who fill out surveys lose interest and get distracted on their initial views mainly due to focusing on how to construct a sentence. All they have to do to my survey is to tick boxes and scale the compositional work. Followed by an overall write up.

 

Examples of survey screenshots from Surveymonkey.com

The Rating scale 

My expected outcome is to prove that rhythm and tempo have a dramatic impact on peoples emotional responses. At the end of this researched-based project, I will have the results to release the most popular composition and release it as part of my end of year album. I'm doing this on behalf of the contributors so that they can have the song to listen to as a way of relaxation/ concentration.   

(Anon, 2016)

Discussion

Topic 1: BPM vs Tempo do they sync and can it affect our emotinal state?

https://sonicscoop.com/2014/06/19/the-resonant-human-the-science-of-how-tempo-affects-us/

Paragraph 1 - (200 words)

Claim
in many aspects of music, you'll find yourself either tapping along to your favourite music without even realising. Have you ever been in a situation where you wall along the street walking along with the beat? For some time our interaction with music has always been physical, but how is it affecting us emotionally?  between Tempo and BPM has

Evidence
Analysis
Limitations
Strengths

Paragraph 2 - (200 words)

Claim 
Evidence 
Analysis 
Limitations 
Strengths 

Topic 2: Song 1 - "Daydream"  

Paragraph 3 - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence
Analysis
Limitations
Strengths

Paragraph 4  - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence
Analysis
Limitations
Strengths

Bird songs...

"People find birdsong relaxing and reassuring because over thousands of years they have learnt when the birds sing they are safe, it's when birds stop singing that people need to worry. Birdsong is also nature's alarm clock, with the dawn chorus signalling the start of the day, so it stimulates us cognitively."

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22298779

Topic 3: Song 2 - "Powers"

Paragraph 5 - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence
Analysis
Limitations
Strengths

Paragraph 6 - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence 
Analysis 
Limitations 
Strengths 

Dentist drills...

Topic 4: Emotional vs physical resmonce to music 

Paragraph 7 - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence
Analysis
Limitations
Strengths

Paragraph 8 - (200 words)

Claim
Evidence 
Analysis 
Limitations 
Strengths 

Conclusion

(200 words)


references

"What are rhythm and, pitch and timbre - are they merely ways of describing different mechanical aspects of a song

Research suggests that music may also improve the health of patients living with heart disease. Past studies have found that not only can music reduce pain and anxiety, it may help lower blood pressure and heart rate. Since depression is common among patients with heart disease, it’s possible that music could help relieve symptoms and improve overall mood.

The Fitbit Charge performed the best at rest, measuring within 5 beats per minute of the ECG reading 95% of the time. The Basis Peak activity tracker was shown to be within 22.6 bpm of the ECG reading during the 10-minute resting test.

the camera
on face and body language 

These responses will be used as part of my primary research findings for my dissertation. I am looking at how different instrumental features can alter people's emotional response to a song and if it can change a person's perception of lyrics.

The responses are 100% anonymous.

Some responses will be used as examples in my dissertation. If you do not wish for your responses to be used then please refrain from taking part in this survey.

Q1) What age are you? 
18 - 25 
26 - 35
36 - 50 
Over 50  

Q2) please specify your gender 
Female 
Male 
Non-binary
Prefer not to say 

Q3) what is your favourite music genre?
Please specify 

Q4) do you listen to music to relax/sleep? 
Yes 
No 

if yes what do you look for to relax to? 
Piano 
drums 
guitar 
vocals 
nature sound (eg. waves, bird songs)


Q5) Out of these examples, what sound is the most pleasant to you?
waves on a beach 
Wind through the trees 
Birdsongs on a quiet morning

Q7) Out of these examples, what sound is the most unpleasant to you? 
Fireworks (loud sounds)
Dentist drills 
Scratch on a chalkboard 

Next, you will listen to small sections of two songs with 3 variations of each song. please follow the survey and answer the questions below. 

Q9) Song 1 - Example 1 
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel? 

Q10)  Song 1 - Example 2 
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel? 

Q11)  Song 1 - Example 3 
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel?  

Q12)  Song 2 - Example 1 
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel?  

Q13)  Song 2 - Example 2
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel? 

Q14)  Song 2 - Example 3
Listen to this piece of music, on a rating of 1 to 10 rate how relaxing it is to you? 

How did it make you feel? 

You can accurately measure your resting heart rate by checking your pulse after you have been resting for at least five minutes. 

https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/how-a-healthy-heart-works/your-heart-rate


RHR changes with age. Fitbit has tracked more than 108 billion (yes, billion!) hours of heart rate data from 4 million active users. So with one of the most extensive, longitudinal databases on heart rate metrics in the world, Fitbit data provides interesting insights, including this: male and female users’ RHR increased with age from 20s to the 40s, then decreased after age 40.

Resting heart rate data analysis by age and gender (Graphic: Business Wire)

Women typically have higher RHRs. The same Fitbit data analysis also shows the differences in resting heart rate by gender. Women have a higher average RHR than men by about 3 beats per minute (BPM). Women ages 40-49 have the highest average RHR of all users at 67.4 BPM, while men ages 40-49 have the highest average RHR among males at 64.6 BPM.
https://healthsolutions.fitbit.com/blog/resting-heart-rate/