https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta Boundary Dispute en-us 2021-12-14 22:48:59 UTC 2024-10-20 11:46:34 UTC hello@padlet.com 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948211727 The Durand Line, which is the superimposed boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan, was created on November 12, 1893, through an agreement between the British Indian government and the Afghanistan leader (Abdur Rahman Khan). It was created during the time when Pakistan was part of India, which is why the British Indian government had a say in where the boundary would be established. After Pakistan became independent from India in 1947, conflict began between the new Pakistan government and Afghanistan.]]> 2021-12-14 23:36:07 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948211727 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948252087 To understand the boundary dispute of the Durand Line, it is crucial to understand the ethnic groups that make up Pakistan and Afghanistan, specifically the Punjabis (largely in Pakistan) and Pashtuns (largely in Afghanistan). While Pashtuns are mostly in Afghanistan, they also are a relatively big ethnic group in Pakistan. This is because, when the boundary was created, the persons in charge disregarded the distribution of these ethnicities (this is a reason why it is not a subsequent boundary). Also, the boundary was created after the British conquered the Pashtuns in Pakistan (which occurred in 1847).  ]]> 2021-12-15 00:13:33 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948252087 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948306659 Because the Pashtuns were not considered during the time the border was created, the Durand Line ended up creating two Pashtun nations, one within Afghanistan and one within Pakistan. In addition, the Punjabis took control of the Pashtun nation since they were the majority ethnic group in Pakistan at that time. Because of this, there is a conflict between the Pushtans and Punjabis that is being carried out through the clash of the Taliban (mainly comprised of Pashtuns in Afghanistan) and the Pakistani army (mainly comprised of Punjabis). ]]> 2021-12-15 00:53:55 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948306659 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948429026 The effects of the Durand Line boundary dispute are evident today in the conflict between the Taliban, the Pakistani army, and even the US army as it has gotten involved in the dispute throughout the years. The Durand Line has caused violence between the two groups, resulting in suicide bombs and air strikes occurring almost daily. Also, many Pakistans have even crossed this boundary and have killed multiple Afghans because of this ongoing conflict between them. ]]> 2021-12-15 02:13:30 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948429026 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948456582 The conflict of the Durand Line has led to several attacks on each country from the other, resulting in several deaths of not only soldiers but of innocent people as well. Additionally, Afghanistan has been further impacted by this boundary dispute as it has been invaded by the Red Army due to its previous relations with the Soviet Army. Regardless of the tragedies resulting from this conflict, it is highly unlikely that Pashtuns from both Afghanistan and Pakistan will reunite to do an inability to do so economically, politically, and militarily. ]]> 2021-12-15 02:30:46 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948456582 20227054 https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948460944 https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/durand-line/

https://www.mei.edu/publications/enduring-divide-afghanistan-pakistan-and-durand-line

https://thediplomat.com/2014/02/why-the-durand-line-matters/

https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pashtun-demand-for-greater-afghanistan-could-ignite-nation-s-rivalry-with-pak-101614674811157.html]]> 2021-12-15 02:33:33 UTC https://padlet.com/20227054/z57d4nt87bfflrta/wish/1948460944