https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve Chapters Four en-us 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC 2026-01-23 20:57:03 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-uploads.storage.googleapis.com/547160692/85fd88a5edb2907b3deb31a168ba209c/IMG_1854.jpeg rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233140 First, remake this timeline for your own use. As you read chapters 4 in An Indigenous Peoples' History, add textual evidence and information about the dates mentioned in the chapters. Don't worry about overly general dates-for example-"from the early 1600s to the late 1700s. . . "  Include specific information about the event/people mentioned in the date and include the impact the event/person had on Indigenous peoples. Be specific with nation names when possible.
See my example for 1620. You may also leave personal thoughts, wonderings, or questions with your entries.  Also feel free to include pictures or original drawings (if you're so inspired) to enhance the visual component of the timeline.

]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233140 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233141 - John Smith of Jamestown colony wrote of his ‘soldiers’ he meant only those men who at that moment had guns in their hands and were ordered to help him. pg.65
- Located on Powhatan  territory in the Colony of Virginia. pg. 69
- First colonizers wouldn’t have been able to survive without the help of Indigenous peoples, they weren’t successful in growing crops or hunting. pg. 69
- The colonizers and Indigenous peoples coexisted for a while, trading corn and other foods for copper and other things the colonizers had brought. When the harvest was bad is when things started to go downhill. John Smith threatened to hurt the Powhatan community if they couldn’t provide food. Fighting started in 1609. pg. 70]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233141 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233142 "The Europeans who came ashore on Cape Cod in November of 1620 carried a view of the world that was based on the teachings of Christian religious reformer John Calvin." pg. 50

Calvinists believed that they were destined and justified by their god to take over lands belonging to Indigenous peoples. ]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233142 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233143 - Connecticut and Massachusetts officials started offering bounties for the heads of murdered Indigenous people (part of European military tradition) 
- Later bounties were changed to scalps because they were easier to carry; scalp hunters were typically rangers but could be ordinary settlers too. 
- The colonial government eventually raised bounties for adult male scalps, lowered it for adult females, and eliminated it for children under 10. Children and women were often taken as slaves instead. pg.67
- Breif but devastating war between Pequots and Puritans.
- Started when the Pequots were blamed for killing an Englishman and the Puritans wanted revenge. There were very few casualties; towns were attacked but most townspeople were hidden. Villages and food supplies were burnt. The Pequots later attacked the Puritans which lasted until March 1637. The Puritans retaliated by burning Pequots alive, but they were afraid of the surviving Pequots retaliating.The fear was so great that they completely destroyed the remaining homes and food supply and forced them to leave their homeland. pg. 72-73

]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233143 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233144 - The British were unable to eliminate the Indigenous peoples through open warfare so they launched a campaign of systematic destruction of the Powhatan agricultural resources. It wasn’t a full war it was more like a series of attacks with the goal of starving people out of the area. pg. 71]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233144 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233145 - General James Oglethorpe commissioned a Scots Highlander, Hugh Mackay Jr., to organize and train a small group of Englishmen to become brutal killers— the Highlanders. pg. 74
- Original home of the Cherokee Nation


]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233145 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233146 - Brits found that the Cherokees were a very important ally to the French.
- North Carolina Governor presented the idea that the Brits would use against the Cherokee; the provinces of Virginia and the Carolinas are to exert their whole forces to enter and destroy Cherokee towns and to take as many of them as they could to be used as slaves. pg. 75
- Brits knew they couldn’t defeat the Cherokees alone so they added 300 rangers, 40 local militia members and 50 native allies.
- Cherokee homes were burned by British until they arranged a strong enough resistance to attack the British forts back. pg. 76 
- When the war ended the French left the region, leaving all the land they had claimed East of the Mississippi River, to the Brits. Most of the land had already belonged to the Cherokee Nation, they never agreed to become part of the French. pg. 76
- When the colonies began fighting to separate from Britain, the Cherokee were once again in the middle of two nations at war. The British authorities offered weaponry and money while the separatists threatened Cherokee towns with complete destruction if they didn’t stay neutral. pg. 77
- The hardest hit Cherokee towns attacked squatter settlements in return, destroying several in 1776. Soon after, the Separatists stormed Cherokee territory and they fled. By the mid 1780s the Cherokee resistance regained power and began raiding squatter settlements. pg. 77 ]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233146 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233148 Major General Jeffery Amherst is best known for using germ warfare against Indigenous peoples such as smallpox.]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233148 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233149 - King George III declared that no British subjects could settle on Indigenous land in the Ohio Country west of a ‘proclamation line’. pg.79
- This angered steelers who wanted to move to those regions and land speculators sought to profit from selling lad there. pg.79-80
- Despite the Proclamation, squatters moved into the Ohio County, settling on farmlands and haunting grounds of the Shawnee Nation. They responded to the settlers by raiding their settlements and expelling land surveyors. pg.80
- The settlers quickly retaliated . 150 Virginia rangers were commissioned to destroy Shawnee towns and provisions. pg.80
- The newly formed US government began to move aggressively to claim Indigenous lands and destroy native nations. They sent 1,000 more soldiers into the Ohio Country. The Shawnee moved their people to a place of relative safety.
- Delaware Nation decided to stay neutral through all this, and later joined the Moravian Church and became pacifists. 
- These villages were later called the Moravian Indian villages.
- Gnasenhutten massacre was proof that not even being Christians or pacifists would protect them.]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233149 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233150 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233150 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233151 George Washington ordered action against the Haudenosaunee. The order was to completely destroy their settlement and listen to no pleads for peace. Separatist governments from New York and Pennsylvania colonies offered armies for the project. A bounty was placed on Seneca scalps regardless of sex or age. By 1781 Haudenosaunee towns and fields were ruined.]]> 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233151 rubyrosh https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233153 2021-09-21 19:27:40 UTC https://padlet.com/rubyrosh/z4w2j15cqll5wjve/wish/1758233153