Using Conversation Analysis to Explore Communicative Competence in Interactions Involving Autistic Children (Presented to San Diego USD on October 25, 2024 by Betty Yu & Michael Clarke) by

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Yu, B., & Sterponi, L. Toward Neurodiversity: How Conversation Analysis Can Contribute to a New Approach to Social Communication Assessment. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_LSHSS-22-00041

ASHA Stream Video: Autism Introduction & Discussion on Neurodiversity

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

This video accompanies a special issue of ASHA Perspectives Journal on autism that has a strong autistic perspective and autism-affirming approaches https://pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/persp3.SIG1.56

Autistic Community and the Neurodiversity Movement: Stories from the Frontline

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-13-8437-0
The first book to bring together a large collection of neurodiverse contributors to talk about events that shaped the movement, and which they themselves were involved with. Focuses on activists’ direct experience effecting change for people who identify as autistic rather than abstract accounts that reflect on autism’s social construction or essence.

Identity-First Language

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://autisticadvocacy.org/about-asan/identity-first-language/

The Double Empathy Problem

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-zq8r-igAo

Reimagining the Possible for Non-Speaking, Autistic People (60 mins)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Hari Srinivasan and David Teplitz both graduates from UC Berkeley this year (2022). This presentation was recorded in 2020.

Stimming, therapeutic for autistic people, deserves acceptance

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Echolalia & Scripting in Autism (Neurodiverging Podcast & Blog Post)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

On Using the terms, "NonSpeaking", "Minimally Speaking", Or "Unreliably Speaking" Over “Non-Verbal”: NonSpeakers Weigh In

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Chatting versus "Info-dumping"

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Autistic Masking and Autistic Burnout

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

"Autistic Masking (camouflaging) and Autistic Burnout play such an enormous role in the life of Autistic children and Autistic adults, yet they remain two of the most important aspects of an Autistic person's life. Both these areas have naturally, over time become my areas of real specialism and interest. My work in these areas includes articles, published academic papers, academic research, videos, interviews and training."

Kieran Rose, The Autistic Advocate

Interoception & Autistic Thinking

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Dr. Emma Goodall will talk about how interoceptive awareness can be used to build inclusion whilst supporting a decrease in behaviour that challenges self or others. Dr. Emma Goodall is an autistic adult and autism researcher, author, consultant and education professional.

Small Talk (a.k.a. Phatic Communication)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://www.autismmatters.org.uk/blog/why-autism-and-small-talk-are-polar-opposites

Don't Judge by Facial Expressions or Tone of Voice

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

"If you’re a neurotypical person, you may wonder, if you can’t judge an autistic person’s intentions by their facial expressions and tone of voice, what can you use as an accurate barometer?

Our words."

Eye Contact Explained by autistic people

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://themighty.com/2016/02/why-eye-contact-can-be-difficult-for-people-with-autism/

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Stiegler, L. N. (2015). Examining the Echolalia Literature: Where Do Speech-Language Pathologists Stand? American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1-13. doi:10.1044/2015_AJSLP-14-0166

Welcome to the Autistic Community

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://autisticadvocacy.org/book/welcome-to-the-autistic-community/
From ASAN:
"This book is about what it means to be a part of the autistic community. Autistic people wrote this book. Some autistic people are just learning about their autism. We wanted to welcome them and give them a lot of important information all in one place."

Start Here: A Guide for Parents of Autistic Kids

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://autisticadvocacy.org/book/start-here/
Too often, when parents find out their kid is autistic, they receive negative messages from all sides. Many resources available to parents stigmatize autism and talk about it as something to be “overcome,” not as a part of who an autistic child is. At ASAN, we’ve heard from many parents of autisic children who wish they’d had a better resource to learn about autism — one that cuts through myths and misconceptions and explains autism from an autistic perspective. And we’ve heard from many of our autistic community members who wish their families had access to that kind of information when they were growing up. That’s what our new booklet, “Start Here: A Guide for Parents of Autistic Kids” is for! This booklet was created with the Autistic Women and Nonbinary Network, the Thinking Person’s Guide to Autism, and Little Lobbyists.

Non-Linear Spectrum?

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

8 Autistic Adults Discuss Their Autism Diagnosis Process

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Disclosure of autism at work holds risks & benefits

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

"Autism is me": an investigation of how autistic individuals make sense of autism and stigma

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Abstract

There are many different perspectives for understanding autism. These perspectives may each convey different levels of stigma for autistic individuals. This qualitative study aimed to understand how autistic individuals make sense of their own autism and experience the stigma attached to autism. The study used critical grounded theory tools. Participants (N = 20) discussed autism as central to their identity, and integral to who they are. While participants thought of autism as value neutral, they expressed how society confers negative meanings onto autism, and thus, them. The findings also indicate that different understandings of autism confer different levels of stigma. Participants expressed constant exposure to stigma and managed this stigma in different ways. Such methods included reframing to more positive understandings of autism, the reclamation of language, and using concealment and disclosure strategically. The implications of these findings are discussed further in the article.

Points of interest
Autistic research participants consider their autism to be value neutral – akin to any other feature like race or hair colour.
Participants feel that society sees their autism as being a bad trait to have.
Participants struggled with the tension in how they see themselves, versus how they believe society sees them.
Participants are caught between disclosing that they are autistic and concealing it, but feel they are treated negatively either way.
Participants use the word “autistic” to reclaim autism from stigma, and to reframe peoples understandings of autism to be less negative.

Autism Self-Diagnosis is valid and here's why

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN) White Paper on Autism Interventions

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://autisticadvocacy.org/policy/briefs/intervention-ethics/
There are many therapies for autism, along with a significant amount of funding for research, development, and implementation of these therapies. However, it often remains unclear whether these therapies actually help autistic people. Autistic people rarely have a voice in creating and shaping these therapies, and there is very little ethical guidance for people who practice autism therapies that accounts for the needs, experiences, and perspectives of autistic people. Autistic people should have the ultimate say in what autism services focus on. ASAN’s white paper, “For Whose Benefit?: Evidence, Ethics, and Effectiveness of Autism Interventions,” aims to help close this gap.

Always Acceptable Practices to Promote:

Trauma-informed approaches
Cultural competency & cultural humility
Effective & robust method of communication as the first priority
Giving the person space & time
Encouraging the autistic person to communication in whatever way they need to
Include the autistic person as a core member for all goal-setting/planning
Presuming competence
Minimizing physical contact (asking for consent every time)
Distinguishing when an issue is less something for the autistic person to change and more something needs changing in the environment or with other people
Figuring out when the issue is something that could be resolved with assistive technology and equipment (e.g., sunglasses for light sensitive folks)
Targeting services and supports towards specific life needs (e.g., learning to drive, finding a job, reducing self-harm) and not to treat autistic symptoms
Make sure "behavioral issues" are not actually medical issues
Provide supports in inclusive settings whenever possible and in settings of the autistic person's choice
Rejecting functional labels
Acknowledging and encouraging what a person can do, is interested in, and/or is good at
Embrace learning on different developmental tracks

The Dilemma of Social Skills Therapy: The Young Child

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://dorseyslp.com/blog/the-dilemma-of-social-skills-therapy

The Dilemma of Social Skills Therapy: Adolescence

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://dorseyslp.com/blog/the-dilemma-of-social-skills-therapy-pt-2-adolescence

Rethinking Support for Autistic Individuals

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://youtu.be/fx3cfzlCG_Q

Social Stories for Autism (Can be helpful or harmful)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://neuroclastic.com/2020/12/04/social-stories-for-autism/

What Does Non-Ableist Pragmatic Therapy Look like?

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://therapistndc.org/therapy/non-ableist-pragmatic-language-therapy/

Creating Sensory Comfort

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

One of the key traits of autism is sensory processing differences. One of our most important jobs is to create a learning environment that is comfortable to each client's senses. None of us can function well when we're uncomfortable, much less in pain. Each person's sensory profile is different and complex. Some people are very sensitive in certain areas. They might feel overwhelmed by other people assume to be negligible sensory input. For example, seams on clothing might feel like razor blades. Some people are under-sensitive in certain areas. In that case, they might need the sensory information to be very strong before they feel it. A child with a high pain threshold might not report an injury for example. Many times, one person will simultaneously have high sensitivity to some things and low sensitivity to others. Get to know them and what makes them comfortable! There are a lot of ways to offer sensory support and here are a few examples:

Start with an assessment of the person's sensory profile. Here are some tools for doing this kind of investigation https://affectautism.com/2015/10/30/sensory-processing-profile/
"Sense and Sensitivity": Sensory Phenomena in Autism. An overview of how important it is to consider the sensory environment when working with autistic clients.
Sensory Differences: A Guide for All Audiences
Autism and light sensitivity. Many autistic people are so sensitive to light that they can see the flicker of the cycles in fluorescent lights. Imagine trying to learn in a classroom that actually feels like a strobing disco! Simply allowing a child to be in an environment with natural light can make a huge difference.
Stimming: What is it and why is it important?
Helping a Child Cope with fear of storms. This is a very specific example, but the ideas are very generalizable. For example, give information that takes the fear out. Help the child anticipate when the event is happening so they can feel in control. Help them block out the hurtful input (e.g., use earphones to block out loud sound).
Living with sensory overwhelm and meltdowns
I Am Autistic: A Workbook: Sensory Tools, Practical Advice, and Interactive Journaling for Understanding Life with Autism (By Someone Diagnosed with It)

Offering Visual Supports

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Visual supports are very helpful to most people, including people on the autism spectrum. They offer a stable, predictable, and (if done well) accessible form of information that can greatly assist with executive function activities, transitions, and unfamiliar situations. Here are some resources for creating effective visual supports:

General:

Why use visual supports & our top app picks (Developmental Disabilities Association)

Visual Schedules:

4 Ways to Crush It with Picture Schedules (by Neurodiverging)
Visual Schedules: A Practical Guide for Families (University of Utah)

Visual Timers

10 Free Visual Timers (A Day in Our Shoes)
4 tips for schoolwork, chores, electronics use, and exercise (Robo)

Social Stories (Doing them well)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Social Stories^TM is an evidence-based method that can be helpful to autistic students/clients but only if you understand how write stories that affirm people as they are and respect their autonomy. Excerpt from Neuroclastic blog about how Social Stories are often misused: https://neuroclastic.com/2020/12/04/social-stories-for-autism/ (Please read this article in full)

🤔 What are Social Stories TM? https://carolgraysocialstories.com/social-stories/what-is-it/. Watch Carol Gray's video presentation and read the modules on its history, philosophy, and guidelines on how to write Social Stories.

✍️ Take the Social Stories Quiz. You can check your answers and to read about the rationales of the answers.

✅ Here are some samples of Social Stories^TM. These are NOT meant to be generic templates. You should always write Social Stories tailored to children and their situations with the help of the people who really understand them.

"Social Stories^TM, as they were originally intended by Dr. Carol Gray, have very specific criteria and are supposed to be individualized to the learner so that the narrative has a specific person as the main character; however, most people have taken the idea of social stories and have created generic social stories to be used with autistic kids– often to modify behavior. This was not Dr. Gray’s intention, and social stories used in a way that is well-informed could be very effective in helping reduce uncertainty." In this article, the author, Terra Vance argues that Social Stories should be used with a whole class or group of children, not just the autistic child. They go further to advocate for Neurodiversity Stories as being even better than Social Stories: https://neuroclastic.com/2020/12/09/better-than-social-stories-free-download-a-room-for-us-all/?fbclid=IwAR04rv6a00tRCjOT5ifMKH5rebh0oqWDuB6xj1WnmGZbaqWXUVtl4U78-Os

Books by #actuallyautistic authors

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Fiction and nonfiction books published by actually autistic authors -- not allistic parents, teachers, doctors, caregivers, etc. of autistic people. Books in this list do not have to be about autism, but they MUST be by autistic authors.

Recorded Archives from the "Understanding Autism through the Actually Autistic Lens" Conference at Penn State.

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

This is a unique event, specifically designed, developed, and facilitated by autistic speakers. You will have the opportunity to hear from experts and advocates through the lens of #actuallyautistic adults.

Rooted in Lived Experiences: Black and Asian Considerations for Autistic Masking

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

V. Tisi (/vi/, they/she) and Asiatu Lawoyin (/ˌɑsɨˈɑtu/, they/them) discussed the intersections of anti-Blackness, anti-Asianness, and autistiphobia, and how behaviorist ideologies promote assimilation that oppresses our communities. Justice perspectives go beyond diversity, equity, inclusion, and must include the analysis of systemic oppression, how it implicates identity-erasure, and centers whiteness and neuronormativity.

Thinking Person's Guide to Autism

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://thinkingautismguide.com/mission-statement-autism-acceptance
"Thinking Person’s Guide to Autism (TPGA) is the resource we wish we’d had when autism first became part of our lives: a one-stop source for carefully curated, evidence-based, neurodiversity-steeped information from autistic people, parents, and autism professionals."

Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN)

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://autisticadvocacy.org/about-asan/
The Autistic Self Advocacy Network is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization run by and for autistic people. Our members and supporters include autistic adults and youth, cross-disability advocates, and non-autistic family members, professionals, educators, and friends.

NeuroClastic

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://neuroclastic.com/about/

"We are a collective of Autistic people responsive to the evolving needs and trajectory of the Autistic community.

By publishing autistic voices, we are cataloguing the intersectional experiences, insights, knowledge, talents, and creative pursuits of Autistics. We follow a unique model of interdependence, leveraging the passions, skills, and specializations of contributors to create a living repository of information cataloging the autistic experience."

Autistic Women & Nonbinary Network

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Emily Lees

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Speech-Language Therapist & Autistic Advocate

Morénike Giwa Onaiwu: Advocacy without Borders

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://advocacywithoutborders.org/morenikego/

Therapist Neurodiversity Collective

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Autism Inclusivity Facebook Group

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

This is an Autistic-led group for parents and caregivers of Autistic children to ask questions of Autistic adults.

Parents and caregivers come to this group to hear perspectives, insights and feedback from Autistic members - and as such this group respectfully centres upon Autistic voices. We seek to educate in this group so that current and future generations of Autistic children can be better understood and supported with their needs.

Please ensure you answer all membership questions in order to be considered for acceptance into the group. It is also imperative that you ensure you have read AND thereby AGREE to ADHERE to our Group Rules as per indicated via the final membership question. Note - This group is designed to be interactive with member participation. As such admin will remove inactive members.”

Autism Aspergers Spectrum Coalition for Education Networking and Development

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

AASCEND is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in San Francisco. "Adults of all ages on the autism spectrum, their families and friends, academics and professionals in the autism field unite as a community in AASCEND. Our members sit down at the table as peers to support one another and work together to achieve AASCEND’S goals of Education, Networking and Development."

The Science of Multi-modal Interaction

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

https://multimodalityglossary.wordpress.com/conversation-analysis/

Originally focused on the study of spoken interaction, in a growing body of work in Conversation Analysis (CA), video is used to analyze gesture, gaze, posture and other means of communication alongside talk.

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 17:31:52 UTC

Bottema-Beutel, K. (2020). Understanding and addressing social communication difficulties in children with autism. In G. Vivanti, K. Bottema-Beutel, & L. Turner-Brown (Eds.), Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism (1st ed. 2020.). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41160-2

(Shared with permission from the authors)

The Science of Analyzing Conversations, Second by Second

bettyyu — 2024-10-11 18:09:21 UTC

Neuroqueer Heresies: The Writings of Dr. Nick Walker (she/her)

bettyyu — 2024-10-15 13:30:39 UTC

Rachel Dorsey, Autistic SLP, LLC

bettyyu — 2024-10-15 13:42:26 UTC

Therapist Neurodiversity Collective

bettyyu — 2024-10-15 13:51:31 UTC

Video Tutorial: A Practical Approach to doing Applied Conversation Analysis (Drs.

bettyyu — 2024-10-15 13:58:26 UTC

Muskett, T. (2017). Using conversation analysis to assess the language and communication of people on the autism spectrum (A Book Chapter)

bettyyu — 2024-10-15 14:01:41 UTC

Recognizing and Resisting Ableist Language in Schools

bettyyu — 2024-10-16 23:34:28 UTC

Bottema-Beutel Kristen, Sasson Noah J., McKinnon Rachael, Braun Caroline, Guo Ruoxi, Hand Brittany N., Kapp Steven K., Espinas Daniel R., Bailin Aiyana, Lester Jessica Nina, & Yu Betty. (n.d.). Recognizing and Resisting Ableist Language in Schools: Suggestions for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists and Related Professionals. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_LSHSS-24-00036. (Download article)

Co-Construction, Asymmetry & Multimodality in Children's Conversations

bettyyu — 2024-10-17 06:03:22 UTC

Communicative Competence in Children's Peer Interactions

bettyyu — 2024-10-17 06:05:38 UTC