Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’ Energy Consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of Beer Brewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China. by JUAN CARLOS ESPARZA PINA

Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’ Energy Consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of Beer Brewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China.

ortizpaezstephanie — 2019-04-19 13:28:27 UTC

Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’ Energy Consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of Beer Brewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China.

luiscarlosvelascor — 2019-04-19 21:32:11 UTC

Recent research is adapted to the projects established in China, these projects applied in China are unique and interesting, given that the policy makers in this country are trying to promote the projects of the distributed energy system, making the policy the environment of dynamic and changing projects that allow researchers to compare different projects and scenarios with ample evidence. Gas-based projects are researched in a wide range of aspects, including economic value, environmental value and other values of interest.

the viability of projects of distributed energy systems based on natural gas, simulating the prices of oil and gas as an operating scenario.

The research makes several interesting assumptions to derive the break-even point, the sale prices of heat and cooling are in your fuel costs, the costs of gas and electricity depart in a certain way from the independence, the efficiency of the refrigerator and the boiler bromur or lithium type absorption on average.

Wang Yanling investigated the integral value of the gas-based distributed energy system, projects with detailed calculation methods of economic value, user value, system value and environmental value. Researchers use the machine configuration to simulate and compare environmental performance, to examine environmental performance in real projects.

Wang Weilin conducts a case study, comparing the mission of the project and that in an alternative case in which heat, cooling and electricity are provided individually.

Projects based on renewable energy are analyzed in a different way. since the costs and fuel emissions are considerably small in renewable technology.

Consumption and emissions during life cycle processes, such as the production of machines, should not be neglected. therefore, the life cycle analysis (LCA) method is frequently used to analyze projects based on renewable energies and the results provide a solid basis for future research in this field.

OBJECT AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This International Standard describes the principles and the frame of reference for the analysis of the life cycle (LCA) including: a) the definition of the objective and scope of the LCA, b) the phase of analysis of the inventory of the cycle of life life (ICV), c) the life cycle impact assessment phase (EICV), d) the life cycle interpretation phase, e) the report and the critical review of the LCA, f) the limitations of the LCA, g) the relationship between the phases of the LCA, and h) the conditions of use of value judgments and optional elements. This International Standard includes life cycle analysis (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory analysis studies. (ICV). It does not describe the ACV technique in detail, nor does it specify methodologies for the individual phases of the ACV.

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 21:59:19 UTC

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:04:28 UTC

3.1 Life cycle. Consecutive and interrelated stages of a product system, from
the acquisition of raw material or its generation from natural resources until the
final disposition

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:08:19 UTC

Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’Energy Consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of BeerBrewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:10:41 UTC

Recent researches are tailored to projects set in China. Projects in China are unique and interesting because policy-makers are trying hard to promote Distributed Energy System projects, making the policy environment of projects dynamic and fast-changing, and enabling researchers to compare different scenarios with ample evidence. Gas based projects are researched in a full spectrum of aspects including economic value, environmental value and other value. Ding Xiaochuan et al. [4] analyzes the economic feasibility of natural gas based distributed energy system projects, simulating the prices of oil and gas as well as the operating scenarios. The research makes several interesting assumptions to derive the break- even point: the selling prices of heat and cooling are at their fuel costs; the prices of gas and electricity are independent; the efficiency of Absorption type lithium bromide refrigerator and boilers is on average. Wang Yanling et al. [5] research the comprehensive value of Gas-based Distributed Energy System projects, with detailed calculation methods of economic value, user value, system value and environmental value. Researchers [6-7] use machine configuration to simulate and compare the environmental performance. To examine the environmental performance of real projects, Wang Weilin et al. [8] makes a case study, comparing the emission of the project and that in an alternative case where heat, cooling and electricity are provided individually. Renewable energy base projects are analyzed in a different way. Since fuel costs and emissions are considerably small in renewable technology, energy consumption and emission during life-cycle processes like machine production should not be neglected. Thus, Life-Cycle Analysis (LCA) method is frequently used to analyze renewable energy based projects, and the results provide solid foundation for further research in this field [9-14].

Case Design

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:11:58 UTC

We designed 6 cases to better capture the potential development of Distributed Energy System projects,as Table 1 shows. Case 1 (All NG) is the base case. China Resources Snow Breweries Distributed EnergySystem project operated in this model. We compared All NG case to traditional coal fired projects withelectricity bought from the grid or generated by private owned power plants. We also investigated theefficiency of renewable technology by comparing several cases with renewable energy and the case withelectricity bought from the grid. Considering the location of the project where wind and solar power isrelatively scarce and vine lees is easy to get, we designed cases 4-6.

There are rationales behind our case setting. We set these cases where coal is burnt to generate heat because coal is still the dominant energy used by central heating systems in China. According to China Energy Flow Chart 2012, coal accounts for 85% of energy used in heating. Solar and biomass energy,though limited, can satisfy part of electricity demand, and our results can quantify how much these newenergy models can benefit the climate. Local solar/biomass maximum utilization is economically reasonable, and can reduce energy loss in transport and other processes. The endowment of Sichuan province is unique, with little solar resource but even scarcer wind power. We can assume local solarpower provides part of the energy demand, leaving the rest satisfied by grid electricity. But for wind power, this story won’t hold. According to OSGeo, a GIS lab, Sichuan has annual average wind speed of1-2 m/s. The wind resource is negligible and the amount may fall below the threshold of economy, sooutside wind electricity from other provinces may be a good substitute. To differentiate distant wind 3460, 3463 power from local wind power, we assume a line loss rate of 10%.

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:12:59 UTC

jcesparzap — 2019-04-19 22:14:36 UTC

Analysis of the life cycle. (ACV): Collection and evaluation of entries, exits and
the potential environmental impacts of a product system through its life cycle

3.3 Analysis of the life cycle inventory. (ICV). Phase of life cycle analysis that
involves the collection and quantification of inputs and outputs for a product system to

what is a Life cycle analysis ?for all products and services companies can adopt a life cycle analysis to identify and optimize processes in which the environment can be negatively affected. The life cycle analysis identifies the environmental impacts from the acquisition of raw material for the realization of the product to the disposal. For this purpose ISO 10040 describes carefully the processes to carry out a life cycle analysis.LCA can help: improve the environmental performance of products at different stages of their life cycle.-It can provide information for decision making by industrial and governmental and non-governmental organizations.-assign environmental performance indicators

monikchap05 — 2019-04-20 02:44:10 UTC

The objective of the LCA is established:This must have a planned application, a reason to carry out the study, a planned audience and the use of the results by the public.In the case of the article studied, it complies with the guidelines of the objective, since in the study different types of energy are studied and which is the one that has less impact on the environment, such as the lower generation of greenhouse gases and the one that has less loss of energy from production to delivery. In this way, government policies can be established for companies, in this case a brewery.

monikchap05 — 2019-04-20 03:26:53 UTC

the scope of the study : it includes the system of the product to study, functions of the product system, limitations, data quality, etc.The scope of the LCA of the study is the analysis of data from six different types of energy sources for an auxiliary power source of a brewery.

monikchap05 — 2019-04-20 03:43:30 UTC

Data collection : These are classified into several titles that include: energy inputs, physical inputs, products, co-products and waste. Emissions to air, spills to water and soil and other environmental aspects.In the article studied, the data collection and analysis is evidenced as the energy consumption of the different energy generation systems and the emission of GHG Complying in this way with the standard

monikchap05 — 2019-04-20 04:03:24 UTC

An analysis was made on the life cycle, in a brewery company in China, in order to evaluate the energy consumption, gas emissions and the use of natural gas, the economic viability of the company was also analyzed, comparing The prices of oil with gas, heat with refrigeration, gas with electricity, and the performance of the environment, therefore, the life cycle analysis (LCA) method is frequently used to analyze the corresponding projects. in renewable energies, and the results.For this, 3 steps have been takenStep 1: Convert the output into the energy input, and analyze the energy efficiency of the machine.Step 2: Use the energy input to calculate the life cycle energy consumption and the emission of greenhouse gases.Step 3: Calculate the energy savings and the emission reduction rate.The results show that gas in the energy system has a desirable performance in the environment. The traditional project was compared and 7% more energy could be observed as input, but in a view of the life cycle, reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions significantly (8% and 38%, respectively) . However, when the efficiency of the boiler is willing to be 60%, a more modest figure, the realization of projects based on a natural gas as the base case is even more exceptional.

ortizpaezstephanie — 2019-04-21 16:57:30 UTC

ortizpaezstephanie — 2019-04-21 17:01:45 UTC