Kinesiology 361 concepts applied to learning soccer by RAMADAN RAJI https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6 en-us 2020-05-02 01:41:28 UTC 2020-05-02 04:03:26 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/26bd.png 11 V 11(skill classification) rraji1 https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545064662 He runs! He shoots! He shoot! Soccer is the most popular sport in the world with over 4 billion followers. I grew up in Nigeria and the only sport we participated in was either track or Soccer. Soccer is a sport  played with a total of 22 players on the field (11 on both sides of the opposing teams). To earn a point, the opposing the team has to dribble or pass the ball,  and place it at the back of the net of their opponent. This process requires getting through several players that are extremely determined to defend their goal post. At this point you are probably imagining  what type of skill is required. There are two types with of skill- Open and closed skill. In an open skill  the performer must act according to the actions of an object or changing characteristics of the environment while in a closed skill, the performer initiates the action environmental context does not change during the performance of the skill. Soccer requires open skill because the players are always moving either to attack (score a goal) or to defend (protect their goalpost)
https://youtu.be/ErthTbUACEI


]]> 2020-05-02 01:43:03 UTC https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545064662 Look up when you dribble rraji1 https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545077013 (sensory system and movement)
All professional soccer players have something in common, they can dribble  the ball while running, and scanning the field. The ability to run with the ball and scan the field is a necessary if one is to be a good or great soccer player. I recall my soccer coach constantly reminding me to look up to field when I ran with the ball while trying to maintain control of the ball. Although this was a hard skill to learn initially i was able to become good at my ability to scan the field while dribbling  the ball.  This is an example of how our sensory information (vision) is important for movement.  Successful movements are achieved because we use sensory (afferent) information to regulate them. In soccer, the eyes is the most used sensory system used. The eyeball has 3 pairs of muscles that enable it move, these include: 
1. Horizontal rotation (lateral and medial rectus)
2. Vertical rotation: (superior & inferior rectus)
3. Torsion (inferior & superior oblique)
All these muscles are Responsible for saccades, smooth 
pursuit, vergence movements on the field during a soccer game. 
Below are two a clips; one shows how the muscles move the eye (https://youtu.be/ldiNRvLhQ3A) and other  show how the player is dribbling with the the ball while looking around. 
]]> 2020-05-02 02:11:20 UTC https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545077013 Hard work can beat talent when talent doesn't work hard! (practice variability) rraji1 https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545090912 In order to become good at a task we need to practice. I recall practicing 1000 ball touches in a day during high school in order to get comfortable with the ball.  While practice is important, the quality of practice is also important. There are two type  practice- random and blocked practice. In a blocked practice the strategy is the same for subsequent  ,with little variation, trials and in a random practice a person engages in several strategies, compare and contrast skill variations he or she is practicing. Research has shown that in order to be better at a skill, random trial is better because it the person can create task representations (during to comparison with previous variable trials) and these representations are kept in working memory and are thus more memorable with random practice. When I practiced my 1000 ball to touches I would do some footwork drills followed by shooting and dribbling drills so that i can better adapt during a game. Coaches around the world ensure that players do this so that they can be better on the field.

Below is a clip of soccer players doing random  practice and incorporating previous trial experience    ]]> 2020-05-02 02:43:18 UTC https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545090912 Wrong! right! Wrong! Right!Good Job! (feedback) rraji1 https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545102558 When i first started learning how to play soccer I was not very successful at executing some skills. As I practiced, I had several question for my coach and i knew i could trust him because i knew he was  knowledgeable about the skill. Sometimes he would refuse to answer my question because he wanted me to figure it out myself and other times he would tell me what to do if he knew i was still struggling and slowly withdraw the feedback> when i analyzed my errors I was practicing  Task-intrinsic feedback. When my coach  gave me feedback it was augmented feedback. Augmented feedback is the feedback received from by a subject from their social surroundings eg my coach. When and how often to give feedback is important. There are three ways to reduce augmented feedback:  performance-based bandwidths, Fading, summary augmented feedback and self-selected feedback. Fading feedback is the best type of feedback because it prevents dependency and gives the person to analyze  the situation themselves before seeking help. Now that i think about it, I can understand why my coach did not give me feedback everytime I asked for help.

Below is an example of a coach giving feedback to young athlete.  ]]> 2020-05-02 03:08:49 UTC https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545102558 Okay so how much can you transfer. rraji1 https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545113846 Sometimes we practice because want  to improve our skills or because we want to be able to use our skills when performing a different task. Transfer of learning is defined as the gain or loss in proficiency of one skill as the result of practice on some other skill. Sometimes the transfer can be positive or negative. A positive transfer means that the  previous experience  was beneficial to the new task. A negative transfer mean that the previous experience was not beneficial , so the person performs the skill less well than he or she would have without prior experience. When I was in high school i was able to kick a football to make a field goal better than i was at throwing a football. A possible explanation for this could be due to the similarities between kicking a soccer ball and a football. In soccer we are taught to kick the ball more than holding it, so it makes sense why I would see a positive transfer with my kicking a football than  throwing a football. 

Below is an example of  positive transfer between basketball and volleyball]]> 2020-05-02 03:34:05 UTC https://padlet.com/rraji1/z2brxkv86kihh5d6/wish/545113846