https://padlet.com/klinh4257/z25k34lv0odohubl en-us 2022-10-11 11:22:43 UTC 2022-10-11 19:23:16 UTC hello@padlet.com klinh4257 https://padlet.com/klinh4257/z25k34lv0odohubl/wish/2335844853 The Kingdom of England is a sovereign state that existed from 927 to 1707 in the northwest of continental Europe. At its height, Great Britain once stretched to the southern two-thirds of Great Britain (including present-day England and Wales) and a few small outlying islands; currently under the jurisdiction of England and Wales. The kingdom shares a land border with the Kingdom of Scotland to the north.

The palace was originally located in Winchester, Hampshire, but from the 12th century onwards, London became practically the capital of the country.
1. General information
* Name:
The Anglo-Saxons called themselves Engle or Angelcynn, the original name for the Angles. The land they inhabited is called the land of Engla, meaning "land of the English" by Æthelweard Latinizing Anglia, from the root of Anglia Vetus, home of the Angles (known to Bede as Angulus). The word Engle is mispronounced in England by the medieval syllable (Engle-land, Engeland). The Latin name is Anglia or Anglorum land, Old French and Anglo-Norman called Angleterre. Since the 14th century, England is used in documents to refer to the whole of Great Britain.

The common title for all monarchs from Æthelstan to King John was Rex Anglorum (English: King of the English, "king of the English"). Canute the Great, king of Denmark proclaimed himself king of England (English: King of England). During Norman control (1066-1154) still used the title Rex Anglorum, and more often used Rex Anglie (English: King of England, king of England). During the reign of Queen Matilda, she used the title Domina Anglorum (English: Lady of the English, Lady of England). From the reign of King John onwards other titles were used avoiding the titles of Rex or Regina Anglie. In 1604 King James I, the heir to the throne adopted the title King of Great Britain, using English instead of Latin. The British and Scottish Parliaments did not recognize the title until the Acts of Union of 1707.
* National Day: June 11 (birthday of the late Queen Elizabeth II)
* Capital: London
*Population: 62,041,708 (2010 estimate)
* Ethnicity: English (83.6%), Scotland (8.6%), Wales (4.9%), Northern Ireland (2.9%).
* Administration: The United Kingdom consists of four main parts: England (England), Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. This kingdom shares a border with Ireland
*Currency: British Pound Sterling (GBP), UK Government has not decided to use a common currency
* Religions: English Orthodox (57%), Protestant (15%), Catholic (13%), and some other religions such as Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish,...
* Language: English is the common language. There are also dialects such as Wales, Scotland
2. Geography
* Geographical location: this is an archipelago located in Western Europe. Bordering the North Atlantic Ocean
* Area: 243,610 kilometers
* Terrain: Much of the UK's terrain is lowlands interspersed with mountains. Great Britain (England) occupies more than half of the total area of the United Kingdom covering 130,395 kilometers. Wales occupies one-tenth of the total area of the United Kingdom with an area of 20,779 kilometers. Scotland occupies a third of the total area of the United Kingdom, covering 78,772 kilometers. Northern Ireland is located in the northeast of the island of Ireland, accounting for 1/6 of the island's area
* Climate: The UK has a temperate climate, with abundant rainfall year-round. Temperatures vary with the seasons, but rarely drop below -10 degrees Celsius or rise above 35 degrees Celsius. Winters in the UK are made warmer by the North Atlantic Current. Summers in the UK are the hottest in the southeast of England, due to the region's proximity to mainland Europe, while the north is cooler. In the UK, it usually snows in winter and early spring. The driest weather is eastern and the warmest is southern.
* Resources: The UK has a wealth of coal, natural gas, and petroleum reserves that make up 10% of GDP. Due to its geographical position as an archipelago, the UK has great potential to generate electricity from tidal and wave energy
3. Politics
* Political system: Parliamentary monarchy
* Constitution: The Constitution of the United Kingdom has existed for many centuries. Unlike the constitutions of the United States, France, and some Commonwealth countries, the constitution of the United Kingdom is not aggregated into a unified document but rather contained in common laws (customs, legal precedent). , branches of law and conventions
* Legislature: Parliament: The legislative body representing the British people consists of three elements: the King, the House of Commons, and the Senate.
* Executive branch: The Queen (King) heads the State, following the hereditary system. Prime Minister is the head of the government
* Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (England), Supreme Court. The judicial system operates under the leadership of the President of the Senate (who is both the chief justice and a member of the Government). By law, the chief justice (under the direction of the Prime Minister) has the power to appoint judges to all courts in England.
* Major parties: In the UK there are three main political parties, including the Labor Party - currently in power - the Conservative Party, and the Liberal Democrats.
4. Economy
The UK is one of the leading economic and financial centers, ranking 3rd after Germany and France in Europe. England has a strongly developed agriculture with a modern equipment system of European standards. Less than 2% of the workforce can produce 60% of food production. The UK also has huge reserves of coal and natural gas
The service, banking, insurance, and business services sectors contribute a lot to GDP, while the industrial sector is in a serious decline. However, in general, the UK is still a developed economy with a high economic growth rate.
The UK is a very favorable country for investment. In addition to the lowest prices and business taxes among industrialized countries, Britain also has a very developed telecommunications network.
5. Culture
The UK - a multicultural country - today has more than 62 million people from diverse racial, religious and cultural
backgrounds
Throughout the UK's history, many different races and cultures have influenced the UK and played an important role in shaping British society today.
The UK also has a rich and varied artistic heritage. England has poets, playwrights, musicians, sculptors, and filmmakers admired and loved around the world.
+ Some of the world's most famous British musicians and bands include: The Beatles and The Rolling Stones - Rock, Queen and Genesis - Progressive Rock, Blur and Oasis - BritPop, Spice Girls, Westlife, Girls Aloud and Robbie Williams -Pop/ Chart
+ Classic British films such as "Chariots of Fire" and contemporary favorites such as "James Bond" and the series "Happy Potter" "have attracted many British film fans in many countries.
+ Famous British writers such as Chaucer, Shakespeare, Wordsworth, Dickens, Eliot, George Orwell, and H G Wells. In particular, author JK Rowling is a global publishing phenomenon with more than 100 million copies of Harry Potter books sold to readers around the world.
The performing arts are also very unique and developed. Music, drama, filmmaking, dance, and opera are all passionately performed in theatres, concert halls, and studios across the country every evening of the year.
6. Culinary
The traditional British diet is quite rich in fish, meat, dairy products, herbs, and vegetables. Spices and tea are also indispensable features in the culinary culture of the people of "the land of fog".
Afternoon tea is served with a variety of cakes. In pubs, people often serve traditional British beer, which has a very strong taste, accompanied by many hearty dishes.
7. Tourist destination
Many beautiful, big cities:
- London: the capital of Great Britain and Great Britain, a large capital. It is a global center of finance, culture, and fashion. London is considered the largest city in Europe.
- Birmingham: the city with the largest population in the UK, is the center of technology, attracting many visitors
- Bristol: the largest city in the south of England, after London
- Liverpool: famous as a maritime city
- Nottingham: home of Robin Hood and Nottingham Palace
- Manchester: Center for culture and sport. It is the most visited city in the UK after London and Edinburgh
8. Festival
England is a country with many festivals. The festival takes place all year round in different regions of the country. Some of the main festivals in the UK:
- Christmas: In England, people often celebrate Christmas at home, in the family. People consider it a national holiday and study every day
- Boxing Day: people call December 26 Boxing Day (the day to receive gifts) because that is the day when traders usually receive a Christmas gift box (Christmas Day), in which there is a small amount of money. celebrate their business for a year
- New Year: usually starts with a party either at home with family or out in a pub or club with friends.
- Halloween: (October 31): the day of the appearance of ghosts and witches originating from the Old Year's Eve of the Celts. The Celts believed that on this night witches and demons appeared to roam the earth. Today, groups of children gather, dressed as ghosts, running down the street
- Easter: Easter is the name adapted from the name of the queen of spring. This day Easter is the feast of the Catholic Church to commemorate the resurrection of Jesus Christ. This holiday is celebrated on a Sunday between March 22 and April 25 according to the church calendar
9. Sport
Sport - both watched and played - always occupies a high place on the list of activities that British people indulge in their spare time. They have a lot of sports to choose from. Walking is by far the most popular sport for men and women of all ages, followed by fishing, cycling,d swimming. The most popular team sports are football, baseball, and rugby. In particular, football is a passionate passion for many people in the UK and the English Premier League is considered the most attractive tournament in the world.]]> 2022-10-11 18:55:34 UTC https://padlet.com/klinh4257/z25k34lv0odohubl/wish/2335844853