moniker /ˈmɒnɪkə/ nounINFORMAL

A rose by any other name would smell as sweet, but Facebook is going to have to do a lot more than give itself a new moniker to air out its pervasive odour of evil.

First Known Use of moniker  1851,

History and Etymology for moniker
probably from Shelta (language of Irish itinerants) mŭnnik, modification of Irish ainm

I took around 20 minutes to read it. It was spoken language, so it was a bit difficult to read without googling slangs, and to guess omitted words.

The interviwee was a person famous for his work, branding of Heineken, Budweiser etc. In the article, he said the keys of branding is 'entertainment' and 'expectation'. In other words, he needs to make consumers surprised in good ways to attract their attention because they are tired and bored about too much information.

Both of them's fininal goal are collecting/ (collect) water, those two manners all need ropes and containers. in addition to this system needs collecting water and put water to irrigation channel.

The first manner is "Swing basket", It uses manpower to collecting (collect) water, it needs two people who use ropes and a basket to get water. Water can be collected from one to two metres.

On the other hand the "manner B" is "Rope and bucket". It operation is worked is operated by mechanical principle. It uses livestock(animal) to get water and it also needs a whole system that is worked by a pulley and rollers and bucket. Water can be collected form from 50 metres.

Overall these two manners is very useful to collect water, and this diagrams clearly show how to get water.

On the one hand, the only same similar element thing ( the only thing that is the same )is that ropes are used in these two ways. On the other hand, they have many different features. The most noticeable point is the depth which the water comes from. In the approach 'Swing basket'  approach, water is taken out from 1-2 metres depth underground, whereas in the method 'rope and bucket' method , it comes from 50 metres depth basement. Another significant difference is that people and animals perform  'Swing basket' in fields and 'rope and bucket' on slopes respectively. In addition, a basket woven from bamboo or leather is needed in the way 'Swing basket', while a pulley, rollers, a bucket are utilised in the method 'rope and bucket'. (Just 150 words)

persons

First of all the similarities between 2006 and 2008 . Scince 2006 resident area room didn’t change place  , also the school and The river.

On the other hand there is got of changes during the years










Deema Alhammadi

The humanoid robot, Ai-Da, uses a robotic arm and a pencil to draw what it sees with a camera in its eye. It’s very life-like and can even talk to the people whose picture it’s drawing.

Behind the creation of Ai-Da was a team led by Cornish robotics company, Engineered Arts, and supported by engineers in Leeds who built her robotic arms using AI systems developed at Oxford University.

It’s very strange because on first glance she looks incredibly scary, a bit like a dystopian robot from the future but when you see her move and express she becomes incredibly cute.

But as Karl spends more time with Ai-Da he begins to see her move and express herself. She smiles, blinks and uses facial expressions and hand gestures known as non-verbal communication to appear more human.

Vocabulary:
- dystopia 
- appeal
- compelling 
- battles to win
- iron (sth) out

Smartphone apps have dramatically improved the lives of blind people around the world.

The set of digital tools that help blind people are called assistive technology – that’s any software or equipment that helps people work around their disabilities or challenges.

For example, apps like ‘BeMyEyes’ allow blind users to find lost keys, cross busy roads and even colour match their clothes.

Or for example there is a device is compatible with any kind of white cane that detect the obstacles in front of you, and it relies on echo-location, used by bats and dolphins to detect prey and obstacles and their distance from you.

The more that society sees blind people in the community, at work, in relationships, the more it does help to tackle all of these stereotypes, it helps people to see blind and visually-impaired people in a whole new way and it just normalises disability.

Vocabulary: 

- assistive technology

- obstacle

- echo-location ultrasound system used by some animals to determine the position of nearly objects by measuring how long it takes for an echo to return from the object

- visually impaired having a decreased ability to see that causes problems, whether disabling or not

- normalises treats as normal something which has not been accepted as being normal before

a yawn / to yawn
breathe in and out with our mouth stretched open

contagious
can be spread from one person to another

a behaviour
an action, often automatic, in response to a particular situation

cognitive
connected to mental processes and the way our minds work

to identify with (a group)
to feel close to and have a sense of belonging to (a group)

exhibit (a behaviour)
do, show (a behavio


why do we yawn? Is it:

A: To take in more oxygen
B: To get rid of carbon dioxide from our body
C: No one really knows
On the BBC Radio 4 series All in The Mind he spoke about yawning and why it is contagious. 

Yawning is actually a difficult case when it comes to these contagious behaviours. It is the most contagious behaviour – it’s meant to be automatic, it’s something that you can’t stop. Dogs yawn when their owners yawn.
https://www.bbc.co.uk//learningenglish/english/features/6-minute-english/ep-200102

camaraderie
friendship or trust created by being together for some time 

bond
a connection or shared link 

go down in history
become famous

trailblazer
someone who does something revolutionary or for the first time 

solitude
being alone

They say that the intelligent AI was in terms of brain cell count, as intelligent as a bumblebee.

“AI learns through trial and error – repeating the same activity again and again until discovering the best way, and minimising – reducing as much as possible, the number of errors it makes.”

the 

The diagram on the right describes the cement production. The first stage is when the limestone and clay are placed in a machine. After these minerals are crushed, they become a powder. Next the powder is mixed by the mixer. In the following step the powder is delivered to a tube that connects the rotating heater. Once the powder has been heated which is put into a grinder that after processing it, get as a final result the cement. The product is packed in bags ready to be sold. 

The second diagram descibes the concrete production. There are more elements involved to produce it in comparason with the cement production. It needs (active) 15% of cement, 10% of water, 25% of sand and 50% of gravel in order to mix them all together and produce concrete. The system that is required is less complex than the cement production, it only (adverb before verb) needs a concrete mixer.

 Firstly, the medical field has developed dramatically, and everything that progresses in the medical field leads us with new devices moreover  The human needs to study the device before using it This may lead to draining the health of the patient or injured person who needs to use this device And this leads to the disruptions and delays of the medical department, Furthermore, Some robotic devices are used, and this is proven to prove that the human need in medicine can be replaced by 98 percent with robots.

On the other hand Robots are not siuitable for replacing them with  teachers, because it is the teacher’s job, because the teacher’s job is completely dependent on the mutual feelings between the teacher and the student. for example, in the nursery, the teacher must understand the fluctuations  feelings of the students because they cannot control and the teacher loves to show love and appreciation for them. Robots don't control our actions because they are emotionless.

In engineering and construction, some people say that they can replace people with robots because robots have great accuracy and efficiency and speed in construction and can accomplish more.however, there are other people who oppose the idea and say that robots cannot work under the fluctuations of the weather, so the weather could be  It rains and it gets affected and we have fires.

To sum up in developed countries such as Japan, most of the students graduating  from High School intend to study IT, and their 40% of the graduates. the percentage is rising year by year, and this indicates the importance of programming robots.overall I believe that we cannot dispense with both humans and robots in all fields.

 Firstly , the medical field has developed dramatically, and everything that progresses in the medical field leads us with new devices . Moreover  , humans need to study the device before using it This may lead to draining the health of the patient or injured person who needs to use this device . This leads to the disruptions  and delays  of the medical department .   Furthermore  , some robotic devices are used, and this proves that the humans need in medicine can be replaced by 98 percent with robots.

On the other hand , robots are not siuitable for replacing them with  teachers, because it is the teacher’s job, because the teacher’s job is completely dependent on the mutual feelings between the teacher and the student.  For example, in the nursery, the teacher must understand the fluctuations feelings of the students because they cannot control and the teacher loves to show love and appreciation for them and  robots don't control our actions because they are emotionless .

In engineering and construction, some people say that they can replace people with robots because robots have great accuracy and efficiency and speed in construction and can accomplish more . However ,  there are other people who oppose the idea and say that robots cannot work under the fluctuations of the weather, so the weather could be  rainy and it gets affected and we have fires .

To sum up , in developed countries such as Japan, most of the students graduating  from High School intend to study IT, and their there 40% of the graduates, and the percentage is rising year by year, and this indicates the importance of programming robots. Overall I believe that we cannot dispense with both humans and robots in all fields .

 Firstly, the medical field has developed dramatically and everything that progresses in the medical field leads us with new devices. Moreover, the human needs to study the device before using it This may lead to draining the health of the patient or injured person who needs to use this device. This leads to the disruptions and delays of the medical department   Furthermore  Some robotic devices are used, and this is proven to prove that the human need in medicine can be replaced by 98 per cent with robots.

On the other hand, Robots are not suitable for replacing them with  teachers, because it is the teacher’s job, because the teacher’s job is completely dependent on the mutual feelings between the teacher and the student, for example, in the nursery, the teacher must understand the fluctuations  feelings of the students because they cannot control and the teacher loves to show love and appreciation for them and  Robots don't control our actions because they are emotionless 

In engineering and construction, some people say that they can replace people with robots because robots have great accuracy, efficiency, speed in construction and can accomplish more. However,  other people oppose the idea and say that robots can not work under the fluctuations of the weather. So the weather could be  It rains and it   What is it here? gets affected so we have fires.

To sum up, In developed countries such as Japan, most of the students graduating from High School intend to study IT, and 40% of the graduates, and the percentage is rising year by year. This indicates the importance of programming robots. Overall I believe that we can not dispense with both humans and robots in all fields

 

Try preparing ideas or a full answer for this topic:

B. DIFFERENT TYPES OF HOME:

NOUN
the breeding and raising of livestock

Our ancestors developed strategies for surviving, adopting agriculture and stock raising which revolutionised human life
complex = high level to understand /complicated
complex interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean