MULTIBREW by King, Rhiannon 3 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7 For the first part of this project, we were tasked with designing a product in some way related to our assigned brand. I was assigned LEGO, and was inspired by the stackable/modular nature of LEGO bricks to create a stackable coffee brewing kit that could be re-arranged into 5 different machines, each orientation capable of brewing coffee using a different method. This padlet showcases my development of the design into a fully formed concept. en-us 2021-02-19 12:54:23 UTC 2023-07-06 13:35:06 UTC hello@padlet.com Product bio rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218678031 Modular/stackable set of 14 components that can be easily re-arranged into 5 different iterations. Each iteration is capable of brewing coffee using a different method, giving the brew a unique flavour.]]> 2021-02-19 12:55:22 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218678031 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218693399 As this project was nearly a year ago and quite complex, I had to look back and create new information sheets to remind myself of how each technique works.]]> 2021-02-19 13:02:03 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218693399 Press/plunge rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218697494 2021-02-19 13:03:48 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218697494 Siphon rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218780847 2021-02-19 13:34:23 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218780847 French press rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218782090 2021-02-19 13:34:47 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218782090 Pressure brewing rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218836783 2021-02-19 13:52:33 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218836783 Drip coffee rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218882405 2021-02-19 14:06:00 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1218882405 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302388586 Electric tea kettles are made predominately of steel, iron, silver, aluminum, or a combination of plastic and metal. High-grade steel is typically used for the housing of all-metal kettles. Heat resistant plastics, such as low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS), comprise the upper housings of the kettles in some models with metal enclosures on the bases that contain the heating elements.

]]> 2021-03-12 13:21:14 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302388586 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302406708 -The development of stainless steel happened during the Industrial Revolution, today this is one of the main materials that kettles are being produced from. Stainless steel is an alloy based on iron, and has many of the physical characteristics that are also seen in iron: . High strength . Good toughness . Easy to shape . Easy to recycle . Relatively cheap . High density and poor conductor of electricity and heat
- Polypropylene has also been used to make the whole kettle, rather than just the insulated parts. Polypropylene is a thermoplastic which means that it becomes soft and malleable when heated which hardens as it cools. Parts are formed by injection moulding, pellets are heated and forced into moulds where they are cooled and removed. Joining is easily achieved through friction welding, and colourings can be added to the material in the production stage. Although the material offers high toughness, relatively high stiffness and is relatively low cost to produce, it does have some drawbacks. The material is a hydrocarbon; produced from the refining of crude oil through fractional distillation which requires a fair amount of energy, and the world’s sources of crude oil are being depleted so it may not be available for future use. Other problems with polypropylene are that it absorbs water during its life, and it reacts with UV light, causing the material to discolour and become brittle. Polypropylene is cheap and easy to manufacture, however, it is unlikely to be a material used in the future due to the lack of availability of the raw material.
- An alternative material that is currently being used is glass, an amorphous solid based on a silica compound. The material is blown or rolled while hot to produce the required shapes. Nontreated glass would not be able to cope with the temperature variation that is experienced in the boiling of water and the heat from the element. However, new manufacturing techniques have been developed to improve the properties of the glass so that it does not fracture under these extreme conditions. The new technique involves producing a more regular crystalline structure within the amorphous structure, which in turn gives the properties required to withstand impact and temperature variations. ]]> 2021-03-12 13:26:36 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302406708 Drip rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302448795 2021-03-12 13:38:09 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302448795 Pressure Brewing rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302451430 2021-03-12 13:38:49 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302451430 French Press rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302453319 2021-03-12 13:39:16 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302453319 Press/Plunge rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302456498 2021-03-12 13:40:02 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302456498 Siphon rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302458142  ]]> 2021-03-12 13:40:27 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302458142 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302461126 - Steel sheets are primarily used in the manufacturing of the electric kettle, as seen in the video “China electric kettle factory”. Hot rolling, a forming technique where heated steel is passed through huge rolls, is used to shape slabs into plates, strips, and sheets. The next step is annealing, in which the steel is heated and cooled to relieve internal stresses and soften the metal; in some cases, it can be used to make the steel stronger. However, annealing causes scales and build up to form on the steel. Descaling can be performed in two ways, the first being pickling, where steel is put into a nitric-hydrofluoric acid bath, and the second being electrocleaning, where an electric current is applied to the surface of the steel through a cathode and phosphoric acid. For steel sheets and strips, cold rolling, a process where steel is passed through rolls at a low temperature, is done to make the sheet thinner. Afterwards, the steel sheets and strips are annealed and descaled again. Next, the sheets are cold rolled and cut into desired shapes. Finally, the steel is polished and a surface finish is applied to the steel. 
- The electric kettle requires heat resistant plastics, such as polyethylene (LDPE), for the plastic buttons, displays, handle, lid, bottom casing, and electrical cord (“Electric Tea Kettle”).
- The stovetop kettle simply involves wielding, shaping, and polishing the steel pieces together (BRANDMADE.TV). There are no new materials added in the manufacturing process. The rubber handle is molded to fit snugly onto the shape of the steel handle. It is not affixed by any adhesive, but instead uses the tactility of rubber itself and the tightness to hold onto the steel. The stove top kettle is more environmentally friendly than the electric kettle because it requires less manufacturing steps due to having fewer materials.

]]> 2021-03-12 13:41:11 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302461126 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302471080 - High-grade steel is typically used for the inner working of all-metal kettles. They are low density, have heat resistant plastics, such as polyethylene(LDPE), polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene(PS).
- For top-quality kettles, high-grade steel is commonly used for the inner structure. In fact, high-grade steel is the most common material used for creating the outer shell of a kettle. The shell is created by using a punch press to cut steel sheets and create steel stampings.
- Stove top kettles tend to be made of sturdier raw materials. This is because they are often placed over very hot heat sources for long periods of time. They can be placed on stoves, gas hobs, fires and conduct the heat from these sources from up to 10 -20 minutes before they are at boiling point.
Some are made with stainless steel and zinc to make sure that this pot doesn’t rust, these high-quality materials and made to retain the heat inside. This means that your water will boil faster and it will actually stay hot a lot longer than with electric kettles.
]]> 2021-03-12 13:43:41 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302471080 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302478528 - Stainless steel electric kettles do not rust or tarnish. Stainless steel can withstand high temperatures and frequent contact with water and still retain a bright and shiny appearance. This makes it an attractive material for use in electric kettles and other domestic appliances.

]]> 2021-03-12 13:45:30 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302478528 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302481995 - Borosilicate glass is very sturdy. It is more resistant to thermal shock than other types of glass and therefore less likely to break when heated.
The chemical properties of borosilicate glass make it remarkably strong and able to handle temperature extremes. If it does break, it is more likely to crack rather than shatter. American-made Pyrex used to use borosilicate glass for kitchenware, but has since switched to tempered soda-lime glass.
]]> 2021-03-12 13:46:22 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302481995 Metals rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302486023 Price v thermal conductivity]]> 2021-03-12 13:47:21 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302486023 Glass rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302510319 price vs max temp
+water durable]]> 2021-03-12 13:53:11 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302510319 Plastics rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302513289 price vs thermal conductivity
+water durable]]> 2021-03-12 13:53:52 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302513289 Handle rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302521239 - Adjustable faux leather or rubber straps with handle
- Fits around machine any order to dispense coffee]]> 2021-03-12 13:55:36 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302521239 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302527620 2021-03-12 13:57:04 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302527620 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302531088 2021-03-12 13:57:52 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302531088 User Cycle rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302532740 2021-03-12 13:58:15 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302532740 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302533666 2021-03-12 13:58:28 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/1302533666 CAD Assembly Video rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223329040 2022-06-16 19:01:10 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223329040 Siphon development rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223331715 - Scale research 
- Comparison with similar products]]> 2022-06-16 19:06:22 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223331715 Pressure brewer development rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223332730 - Scale research
- Volume calculation]]> 2022-06-16 19:08:16 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223332730 Plunger development rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223333776 - Scale research
- Comparison to existing products ]]> 2022-06-16 19:10:05 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223333776 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223338090 This is the concept and design I produced in a project last year. I believe there is scope for improvement, especially considering the complexity of the design.]]> 2022-06-16 19:18:31 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223338090 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223353990 Steel tube twisted into place within underside of funnel]]> 2022-06-16 19:45:10 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223353990 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223354469 Water poured into metal compartment]]> 2022-06-16 19:46:03 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223354469 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356385 - Funnel and tube sub-assembly placed into metal compartment as shown, with funnel resting on internal rim of metal compartment.
- Connector component twisted onto threaded rim of metal compartment]]> 2022-06-16 19:49:35 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356385 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356512 - Long filter component inserted into hole as shown, the studs holding it in place.
- Glass compartment screwed onto rim of connector component.]]> 2022-06-16 19:49:50 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356512 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356624 - Ground coffee poured into top compartment.
- Lid screwed on top.
- Place on top of stove, the water in the bottom compartment will boil and the increased pressure will force it up the tube into the glass compartment. Coffee brews at the top.]]> 2022-06-16 19:50:03 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356624 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356763 - Take off heat, allowing the pressure to decrease and the brewed coffee to filter down into the bottom component.
- Unscrew and remove connector piece.
- Slide handle onto metal compartment and pour coffee.]]> 2022-06-16 19:50:16 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223356763 Component + User Cycle Overview rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223377045 2022-06-16 20:27:54 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223377045 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223377861 2022-06-16 20:29:30 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223377861 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223378552 2022-06-16 20:30:42 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223378552 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223379495 2022-06-16 20:32:47 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223379495 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223380431 2022-06-16 20:34:54 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223380431 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223381051 2022-06-16 20:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2223381051 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227973008 2022-06-22 15:27:12 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227973008 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227974389 Includes;
- Description of each component
- Materials
- Manufacturing method
- Manufacturer sources
- Costing]]> 2022-06-22 15:28:50 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227974389 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227976155 2022-06-22 15:30:56 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227976155 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227977152 2022-06-22 15:32:11 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227977152 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227977604 2022-06-22 15:32:47 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227977604 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227982708 2022-06-22 15:39:01 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227982708 rking316 https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227985132 2022-06-22 15:42:04 UTC https://padlet.com/rking316/yysw339hfev0v9r7/wish/2227985132