2. Stopping and starting the flow of electricity
Transformers are also useful in stopping the flow of electricity and interrupting an electric current. Transformers are commonly present in circuit breakers, where they utilize a switch to automatically interrupt the flow of electricity and to prevent damage that can occur as a result of high voltage.

3. Battery charging
The concept of battery charging is fuelled by the functioning of generators. Transformers are used to control the voltage that enters the battery during the charging process in order to prevent any damages that can occur to the internal battery components. This is important because an unregulated voltage can result in high surges during charging of batteries.

4. Steel manufacturing
Steel manufacturing plants rely on the functioning of high voltage transformers to provide a range of voltages for the manufacturing process. High currents are required during melting and welding of steel, and lower current are required during the cooling process. In order to provide this range of voltages, transformers are necessary for regulating currents within the system.

5. Electrochemicals
In chemical engineering and manufacturing processes, electrolysis is normally fuelled by the functioning of transformers. Metals such as copper, zinc, and aluminum are normally used for the purposes of electroplating. During the process, transformers provide a regulated electrical current that is used to drive the chemical reaction from the beginning stages until completion. The current can be therefore be regulated as the reaction proceeds.

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer
so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.^[1] 

65169

Electrical instrument transformers transform high currents and voltages to standardized low and easily measurable values that are isolated from the high voltage. When used for metering purposes, instrument transformers provide voltage or current signals that are very accurate representations of the transmission line values in both magnitude and phase. 

Instrument transformers provide either a current or voltage at a usable level to monitor the voltage or current in a given circuit.There are types of transformer that is current transformer and voltage transformer.Current and voltage transformers are also used to provide the energy to operate various protective relays. The degree to which an instrument transformer produces a current or voltage that is proportionate to the one to be monitored is referred to as its accuracy. 

Current transformer are generally used to step down current in a very predictable fashion with respect to current and phase. Voltage transformer are use to reduce high-voltages down to a level that can be safely applied to voltmeters, or to the voltage-coils of wattmeters or energy meters, or to protective relays, while electrically-isolating those instruments from the high voltage supply. 

Application of instrument transformer:
1.  To assess the quality of electricity supply through the power networks.
2.   To safely determine the alternating current through a power conductor. 
3.  Make the ordinary low current instruments suitable for measurement of high current and isolate them from high voltage.

Gildron David (66041)

What is Transformer Instrument and the application in real life? 

Instrument transformers is a device used to reduce the current or voltage values into values can be handled by other equipment. It transforms the power system current and voltage to lower magnitude and provide an isolation between the power network and the relay and other instruments connected to the transformer secondary winding.  

There are some industries require specific industrial transformers due to the usage of power (current) as a major resource for production. Electric arc furnaces (EAF), ladle furnaces (LF) and high-current rectifiers need a specific design to supply the necessary power at a low voltage level. 

 Awangku Muhamad Syahiran
(65513)

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.
Next,
Bar Type Current Transformers

A true bar type current transformer is a toroidal type transformer with a bus bar as an integral part of the current transformer which is permanently inserted through the window of the torroid. The bus bar serves as the primary conductor. The bar type is inserted in the circuit to be monitored. It is a common error to refer to a wound primary type as a bar type because the primary connections are made to bus bars. In the wound type the bus bars are a means of connection and are not a continuous bar.
Lastly, 
The primary purpose of this guide is to give the reader a basic understanding of how to apply instrument transformers in a practical way while observing good engineering practice. It is not intended to make the reader an instrument transformer designer. A special effort will be made to keep to a minimum technical terms and language.

Nurul Syamimi Hanim binti Noraini 
65158

 

Application.
It step up the level of voltage at generation side before transmission and distribution.
in distribution side, for commercial or domestic use of electricity, transformer step down ( decries) the level of voltage for example form 11kV to 220 V single phase and 440 V three phase.
The Current Transformer and Potential Transformer also used power system and in the industry. Also, it is used for impedance matching.  So these were the simple uses and application of transformer.

Jason Sandra (66233)

Transformer instrument are high accuracy class electrical devices used to isolate or transform voltage or current levels. The most common usage of instrument transformers is to operate instruments or metering from high voltage or high current circuits, safely isolating secondary control circuitry from the high voltages or currents. The primary winding of the transformer is connected to the high voltage or high current circuit, and the meter or relay is connected to the secondary circuit. Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.

Types :
 

Potential transformers are extremely accurate and normally the type of these potential transformers is falls under step down transformer category.

All potential transformers are generally falls under the shell-type transformer and it’s not much different from the ordinary two winding transformers which discussed.

Secondary of potential transformers are normally completely instead to protect against the high voltage. Potential transformer is connect to line on way.

High voltage primary of potential transformer also should be grounded for additional protection for the operator of the potential transformer. 

 

Current transformers are mainly use to measure the huge alternative current in electrical equipments.

In Some high voltage lines where measuring equipments are difficult to connect, these type of current transformers are use with other ammeters to measure the current under alternative current circuits. 
 

To measure the current of high voltage line this current transformer step town the current level in to known ratio.

Normally the current transformer is connected to the line with series connection.

In current transformer the number of turns of coils in secondary is greater primary.

When the primary to secondary current ration of current transformer is 200: 10 then its steps up the voltage 20 times. Clip on type current transformers are the most use current transformers in electrical industry. 

Applications :

 

JENNIFER ATI 
66258

-used to sense voltage or current in both electronic and power systems. 

Siti Nor Maziah Binti Mohamad Zaini (68737)

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.

Application of transformers-
https://youtu.be/sw_Xfak4LX8
https://youtu.be/K8m-mTEbwd4

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices


A current transformer (CT) is a type of transformer that is used to measure alternating current (AC). It produces a current in its secondary which is proportional to the current in its primary.

Current transformers, along with voltage or potential transformers, are instrument transformers. Instrument transformers scale the large values of voltage or current to small, standardized values that are easy to handle for instruments and protective relays. The instrument transformers isolate measurement or protection circuits from the high voltage of the primary system. A current transformer provides a secondary current that is accurately proportional to the current flowing in its primary. The current transformer presents a negligible load to the primary circuit.

Current transformers are the current-sensing units of the power system and are used at generating stations, electrical substations, and in industrial and commercial electric power distribution.

Voltage transformers (VT), also called potential transformers (PT), are a parallel connected type of instrument transformer. They are designed to present negligible load to the supply being measured and have an accurate voltage ratio and phase relationship to enable accurate secondary connected metering.

Refference- https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrument_transformer

Application of transmormers video-
https://youtu.be/K8m-mTEbwd4

https://youtu.be/sw_Xfak4LX8

Nurul Aina binti Hanafi
65126

Types of transformers:

1.       Current transformers-Connected on the MV network primary circuit, they supply a reduced current value to the secondary circuit, proportional to the network current on which they are installed. Current transformer is of two types-CT: current transformer; LPCT (Low Power Current Transformer): electronic current transformers.

2.       Voltage transformers-Voltage transformers are connected to the MV network primary, they supply the secondary circuit with a reduced voltage value, proportional to the network voltage on which they are installed.

There are three primary applications :

1. metering (for energy billing and transaction purposes)

2.protection control (for system protection and protective relaying purposes)

3.load survey (for economic management of industrial loads).

Instrument transformers are ideally suited in the following applications:

• Indoor

• Switchgear assemblies

• Motor controllers

• Over power transformer bushings

• Over circuit breaker bushings

• Metering

• Relaying

• Current sensing 

Instrument transformers are high accuracy class electrical devices used to isolate or transform voltage or current levels. The most common usage of instrument transformers is to operate instruments or metering from high voltage or high current circuits, safely isolating secondary control circuitry from the high voltages or currents. The primary winding of the transformer is connected to the high voltage or high current circuit, and the meter or relay is connected to the secondary circuit. 

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.^[ 

 

Can you imagine your life without electricity? Or, can you imagine even a day without electricity? Obviously not! Electricity is one of the most important elements of our daily life. We have so many appliances, electronics and gadgets today that are the most precious to us. And, we can obviously not use all of these technologies if we have no electric current. But with electricity, there are so many issues of power cuts across the country. Many cities in India face sudden power failures and voltage problems, and continuous issues like these results in the breakdown of appliances within our home. So, is there a solution to this? There is only one way out to set these problems right – and that is by using a transformer. 

Transformers are designed to modify an alternating current voltage that runs from one electric circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. These devices have two or more windings wound around an iron core that either decrease the incoming voltage or raise the voltage of electrical tools, as required. The number of windings depends on the amount of electric voltage that the transformer is required to provide. Transformers have two groups of coils – primary and secondary those are associated with magnetic fields that act as conductors. Step-up transformers are used to increase the voltage and step-down transformers are used to reduce the voltage levels. 

There are a wide range of transformers available in the market, some of them namely – toroidal, isolation, audio output, three phase, E&I, audio line matching, SMPS and UI transformers. All these transformers have different properties and are designed for specific purposes. All of them have different behaviours of handling transfer voltage based on the equipment they are attached to. However, all of these transformers have one main function to perform, and that is to increase or decrease the alternating current, which helps in regulation of current that cuts down electricity bills. 

Electrical components are used to stop the flow of electricity by interrupting the current. These are available for high, medium and low current devices. The circuit breaker is an electrical switch that automatically interrupts circuit damage due to high voltage. This helps in detecting critical defects in the circuit mechanism. There are various types of electrical switches like SF6 circuit breakers, switches installed patches, vacuum circuit breakers, etc. 

Whatever kind of transformer you wish to buy, you need to check and consider some important points while looking for one. First of all, you need to look for a reliable transformer manufacturer and supplier. Check for the protection of the device you want to purchase, and ask the manufacturer for a guarantee. This will help you secure your investment and get the best out of it too. You may also check if the manufacturer offers customized transformers to meet your requirements so that you get a transformer best suited for the purpose you want to purchase it for. You can rely on Miracle Electronics for manufacturing and supplying the best power transformers in India, while taking care of all the shipping, installation and guarantee, whether you purchase ready transformers or customized ones from them. 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

Instrument transformers may also be used as an isolation transformer so that secondary quantities may be used in phase shifting without affecting other primary connected devices.

These instruments transformers are of two types - (i) Current Transformers (CT) and (ii) Potential Transformers (PT).

Current transformers are generally used to measure currents of high magnitude. These transformers step down the current to be measured, so that it can be measured with a normal range ammeter. A Current transformer has only one or very few number of primary turns. The primary winding may be just a conductor or a bus bar placed in a hollow core (as shown in the figure). The secondary winding has large number turns accurately wound for a specific turns ratio. Thus the current transformer steps up (increases) the voltage while stepping down (lowering) the current. The secondary current is measured with the help of an AC ammeter. The turns ratio of a transformer is NP / NS = IS / IP. One of the common application of a current transformer is in a 'Digital Clamp Meter'. 

Potential transformers are also known as voltage transformers and they are basically step down transformers with extremely accurate turns ratio. Potential transformers step down the voltage of high magnitude to a lower voltage which can be measured with standard measuring instrument. These transformers have large number of primary turns and smaller number of secondary turns.

Application of instrument transformer in real life:
1. To assess the quality of electricity supply through the power networks.
2.The transformer used for step down high voltage for safety.
3.To increase or decrease the alternating voltages in electric power applications.