Town and Country by HUB Scuola https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u en-us 2021-03-19 11:03:28 UTC 2025-04-24 08:02:55 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f3ed.png Introduction mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329258409 Town and country have always been synonymous with man-made environments and nature. While the idea and the actual experience of life in towns and the countryside have changed considerably throughout history, the basic opposition between the two has never disappeared. In poetry (and art), the town’s corruption has often been set against the countryside’s supposed innocence. In the course of the 18^th century however, the traditional contrast between town and country took on different, more recognizably modern forms, as the Romantic idea of an unspoiled countryside began to take shape in opposition to the advance of the Industrial Revolution.

]]> 2021-03-19 11:06:04 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329258409 The Industrial Revolution: a dynamic and far-reaching period of history mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329259082 Industrial Revolution, in modern history, the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing. This process began in Britain in the 18th century (for example in The Black Country) and from there spread to other parts of the world. During this time, inventions such as the steam engine, the power loom, and the steam hammer (James Naysmyth) were transforming industrial practices.

Read this article:]]> 2021-03-19 11:06:25 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329259082 James Naysmyth (1808 – 1809): an important inventor who helped with the progression of the Industrial Revolution mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329262946 James Nasmyth was a British engineer known primarily for his invention of the steam hammer. The steam hammer immediately became an important part of the metallurgical arsenal of the Industrial Revolution. His private enthusiasm for astronomy led him to a thirty-year observation of the moon and the production of a series of careful drawings which he used to make a model of the moon's surface.

James Nasmyth, engineer, inventor and astronomist]]> 2021-03-19 11:08:22 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329262946 The Black Country: a highly industrial area of England mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329265775 The first recorded mention of the Black Country was by Lichfield Cathedral ‘s Rev William Gresley in his 1846 novel Colton Green: A Tale of the Black Country, though the term was already well-known by then. The Black Country, in the West Midlands region of the United Kingdom, is believed to have taken its name from the black soot that would emanate from its factories, while other people claim that the 30-foot-thick coal seam was also the reason. Follow this link to find out more about The Black Country: ]]> 2021-03-19 11:09:50 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329265775 Literature and poetry: the British Romantic movement mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329266754 During the period of the Industrial Revolution, the British Romantic movement in literature and art was developing rapidly. Famous writers and poets from the time include Wordsworth, Dickens, Coleridge, and Austen. Other voices were also present in more political and activist roles, such as Cobbett.

]]> 2021-03-19 11:10:23 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329266754 William Wordsworth (1770 – 1850): a poet who wrote about the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the natural environment. mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329267761 William Wordsworth was one of the founders of English Romanticism and one its most central figures and important intellects. Wordsworth’s deep love for the “beauteous forms” of the natural world was established early and he was known as a poet concerned with the human relationship to. In his reflections on the changing times, he wrote a letter to Catherine Clarkson (June 4, 1812), where Wordsworth blamed not social institutions but people themselves for the ills of society: “As to public affairs; they are most alarming ... The [Prince Regent] seems neither respected or beloved; and the lower orders have been for upwards of thirty years accumulating in pestilential masses of ignorant population; the effects now begin to show themselves.

William Wordsworth]]> 2021-03-19 11:10:55 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329267761 Charles Dickens (1812 – 1870): an author who detailed urban life during the Industrial Revolution mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329272646 Charles Dickens was a British novelist, journalist, editor, illustrator and social commentator who wrote such beloved classic novels as Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, Nicholas Nickleby, David Copperfield, A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations. Dickens is remembered as one of the most important and influential writers of the 19th century. He provided a stark portrait of the Victorian-era underclass, helping to bring about social change. He covered topics such as housing and housing conditions. His works have also been made into many film and television adaptations.

Compare these clips to see how they have been interpreted over the years.

Oliver Twist: https://youtu.be/ulKAAJWVFDc

Bleak House: https://youtu.be/I_9SBBK4KzI

The Mystery of Edwin Drood: https://youtu.be/sflzqPja1KY

]]> 2021-03-19 11:13:17 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329272646 7. Jane Austen (1775 – 1917): a novelist who shone a light on ordinary people in everyday life mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329273777 Jane Austen was an English writer who first gave the novel its distinctly modern character through her treatment of ordinary people in everyday life. She vividly depicted English middle-class life during the early 19th century. The Industrial Revolution is not mentioned specifically, but was implied for example with more rapid means of transportation.

Watch a short documentary about Jane Austen’s works here: ]]> 2021-03-19 11:13:49 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329273777 William Cobbett: the author of Rural Rides and politician interested in farm labourers’ rights mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329276439 William Cobbett was an English pamphleteer, farmer and journalist who believed that reforming Parliament and abolishing the ‘rotten boroughs’ would help to end the poverty of farm labourers. He is best known for his book from 1830, Rural Rides. Between 1821 and 1836 William Cobbett toured the southern English countryside by foot and on horseback, and Rural Rides is his remarkable account of what he saw. Cobbett matured into a radical left-wing politician, and a farmer who ensured his labourers had access to the three Bs: bacon, bread and beer.

Rural Rides

]]> 2021-03-19 11:15:06 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329276439 Art during the Industrial Revolution: this period produced some magnificent works of art mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329280394 Some famous artists from this period include Constable, Turner, and von Wille who captured the changing landscapes of the time. Postcards were also popular at this time and many represented the shift to industrialisation across the country.]]> 2021-03-19 11:16:48 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329280394 John Constable (1776 – 1837): a landscape painter who included locations from areas experiencing an industrialisation mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329281495 John Constable was an English landscape painter. He is known principally for revolutionising the genre of landscape painting with his pictures of Dedham Vale, the area surrounding his home, now known as "Constable Country", which included The Stour Valley. This scene had special significance as the River Stour was central to his father’s transportation business.

#The Valley of the Stour, by Constable ]]> 2021-03-19 11:17:20 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329281495 Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775 – 1851): a world-famous artist who created vivid and expressive paintings of the times mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329294209 William Turner was an English Romantic painter, printmaker and watercolourist. He is known for his expressive images, imaginative landscapes and turbulent, often violent marine paintings. His print of Dudley (in the Black Country) from 1835 puts the industrial activity firmly in the foreground, emphasising the landscape of the time.

Dudley, by Turner]]> 2021-03-19 11:22:53 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329294209 August von Wille (1828 – 1887): an important artist from Germany depicting the same trends as in Great Britain mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329297011 August Levin von Wille was a German landscape painter, genre artist and illustrator. In 1870 he captured a scene of Barmen in Germany which was also undergoing an industrial transformation at the time.

Barmen, seen from the Ehrenberg, by von Wille]]> 2021-03-19 11:24:08 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329297011 Postcards from the Industrial Revolution: a clear image of how industry is impacting on the environment during the Industrial Revolution mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329299687 This postcard titled Early Morning on the Don, Sheffield, describes how the early morning rays of sun are having to force their way through ‘the smoke and heat of a thousand furnace fires’. It was printed between 1903 and 1959 and was published by Raphael Tuck & Sons.

Early morning on the Don, Sheffield]]> 2021-03-19 11:25:21 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329299687 Urban planning and Victorian Architecture: the birth of the architectural profession mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329302073 The architectural profession is largely a Victorian creation. The identity of the profession was cemented by the creation in 1834 of the Institute of British Architects (from 1837 the Royal Institute of British Architects). British town planning grew out of the issues concerned with late Victorian capitalism and the urban problems of the turn of the century. British town planning finally took on a recognizable form in the context of tackling the problem of housing the working classes, with the statutory provisions of the 1909 Act which permitted a measure of land-use control of suburban areas.

A Victorian slum in London ]]> 2021-03-19 11:26:30 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329302073 Public health and medicine during the Industrial Revolution: the challenges and successes of this period in terms of health mappe_bacheche https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329304987 The Industrial Revolution put many more people at risk of the health hazards caused by industry. The factory act of 1838, however, was the first truly effective measure in the industrial field to try and rectify this. The spectacular improvement in the expectation of life in affluent countries has been due far more to public health measures such as this, than to curative medicine. The National Health Service Act of 1946 and its subsequent legislation led to the creation of the National Health Service in Great Britain.

Watch this short video about health issues during the Industrial Revolution: ]]> 2021-03-19 11:27:57 UTC https://padlet.com/mappe_bacheche/yugo41fsn7iizm9u/wish/1329304987