https://padlet.com/bconnell/ytkk6gvybkbr IB Biology Year 2 en-us 2019-11-20 15:59:25 UTC 2019-11-21 19:11:22 UTC hello@padlet.com bconnell https://padlet.com/bconnell/ytkk6gvybkbr/wish/414089832

Names of the tRNA binding sites are expected as well as their roles. 

Initiation of translation involves assembly of the components that carry out the process.

Synthesis of the polypeptide involves a repeated cycle of events.

Disassembly of the components follows termination of translation.

Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use primarily within the cell.

Bound ribosomes synthesize proteins primarily for secretion or for use in lysosomes.

Translation can occur immediately after transcription in prokaryotes due to the absence of a nuclear membrane.

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DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end of a primer.

DNA replication is continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand.

DNA replication is carried out by a complex system of enzymes.

Some regions of DNA do not code for proteins but have other important functions.

The proteins and enzymes involved in DNA replication should include helicase, DNA gyrase, single strand binding proteins, Don’t NA primase and DNA polymerases I and III.

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Nucleosomes help to supercoil the DNA.

Utilization of molecular visualization software to analyze the association between protein and DNA within a nucleosome.

Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes.

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Transcription occurs in a 5’ to 3’ direction.

Eukaryotic cells modify mRNA after transcription.

Splicing of mRNA increases the number of different proteins an organism can produce.

RNA polymerase adds the 5’ end of the free RNA nucleotide to the 3’ end of the growing mRNA molecule.

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Looking for patterns, trends and discrepancies - there is mounting evidence that the environment can trigger heritable changes in epigenetic factors.

Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA.

The environment of a cell and of an organism has an impact on gene expression.

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The sequence and number of amino acids in the polypeptide is the primary structure.

The secondary structure is the formation of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets stabilized by hydrogen bonding.

The tertiary structure is the further folding of the polypeptide stabilized by interactions between R groups.

The quaternary structure exists in proteins with more than one polypeptide chain.

Polar and nonpolar amino acids are relevant to the bonds formed between R groups.

Quaternary structure may involve the binding of a prosthetic group to form a conjugated protein.

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The regions of DNA that do not code for proteins should be limited to regulators of gene expression, introns, telomeres and genes for tRNAs.

The promoter as an example of non-coding DNA with a function.

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