Nutrition for infants, children and adolescents by https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd In this padlet you are requested to complete the boxes. en-us 2022-06-08 10:37:31 UTC 2023-06-17 10:33:36 UTC hello@padlet.com Infants (0 - 12 months) jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214829408 2022-06-08 10:39:20 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214829408 Children (1 - 13 years) jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214833027 2022-06-08 10:43:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214833027 Adolescents (14 - 18 years) jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214834175 2022-06-08 10:44:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214834175 Energy and macronutrient requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214835150 Energy requirements:
Boys: 559-742kcal/day
Girls: 512-680 kcal/day

Macronutrient requirements:
Carbohydrates:
- 0-6 months: 60g/day
- 7-12 months: 95g/day
Protein:
- 0-6 months: 9.1g/day
- 7-12 months: 11g/day
Fat:
- 0-6 months: 31g/day
- 7-12 months: 30g/day]]> 2022-06-08 10:46:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214835150 Micronutrient requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214835432 0-6months brestfeeding
after 6 months supplementation of brestfeeding via food

Vitamin A:
0–6 months 400 µg Retinol Active Equivalent/day 
7–12 months 500 µg Retinol Active Equivalent/day
Vitamin B1:
0–6 months 0.2 mg/day of thiamin
7–12 months 0.3 mg/day of thiamin
Vitamin B2:
0–6 months 0.3 mg/day of riboflavin
7–12 months 0.4 mg/day of riboflavin
Vitamin B3:
0–6 months 2 mg/day of preformed niacin
7–12 months 4 mg/day of niacin equivalents
Vitamin B6:
0–6 months 0.1 mg/day of vitamin B6
7–12 months 0.3 mg/day of vitamin B6
Vitamin B12:
0–6 months 0.4 µg/day of vitamin B12
7–12 months 0.5 µg/day of vitamin B12
Vitamin B9:
0–6 months 65 µg/day of dietary folate equivalents
7–12 months 80 µg/day of dietary folate equivalents
Vitamin C:
0–6 months 40 mg/day vitamin C
7–12 months 50 mg/day vitamin C
Vitamin D:
0–12 months 5-25 µg (200-1000 IU)/day
Vitamin E:
0–6 months 4 mg/day of α-tocopherol   
7–12 months 5 mg/day of α-tocopherol
Vitamin K:
0–6 months 2.0 µg/day of vitamin K
7–12 months 2.5 µg/day of vitamin K
Calcium:
0–6 months 210 mg/day of calcium
7–12 months 270 mg/day of calcium
Iron:
AI for Infants  0 - 6 months 0.27 mg/day of iron
RDA for Infants  7 - 12 months 11 mg/day of iron UL 0 - 12 months 40 mg/day of iron
Zinc:
AI for Infants 0–6 months 2 mg/day of zinc
UL for Infants 0–6 months 4 mg/day of zinc
UL for Infants 7–12 months 5 mg/day of zinc
RDA for Infants 7–12 months 3 mg/day of zinc
Fluoride:
AI for Infants 0–6 months 0.01 mg/day of fluoride
7–12 months  0.5 mg/day of fluoride
UL for Infants 0–6 months 0.7 mg/day of fluoride
7–12 months 0.9 mg/day of fluoride


Reference:
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.chla.org/sites/default/files/migrated/Chapter1_NutritionalNeeds.pdf

]]> 2022-06-08 10:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214835432 Dietary plan for the first year of life jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214836093 First 4 to 6 months of life:
  • exclusive milk feeding (breast milk, industrial infant formula) recommended. 
From the 5th to 7th month:
  • introduction of complementary food. 
  • piecewise, a milk meal is replaced by a porridge meal (a vegetable-potato-meat porridge, a milk-cereal porridge and a cereal-fruit porridge)
6 to 8 months: 
  • Development of chewing movements in the infant begins -> Coarser-textured complementary food porridge 
Towards the end of the 1st year of life: 
  • child can independently bring food to the mouth and hold a cup-> gradually introduce the infant to easily chewable foods.
]]> 2022-06-08 10:47:25 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214836093 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837027 https://www.chla.org/sites/default/files/migrated/Chapter1_NutritionalNeeds.pdf
https://academic.oup.com/cdn/article/5/11/nzab122/6377821

]]> 2022-06-08 10:48:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837027 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837475 2022-06-08 10:48:51 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837475 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837698 Medienkompetenz, S. F. F. U. (o. D.). Beikost: Die gesunde Ernährung im ersten Lebensjahr. Familienhandbuch. https://www.familienhandbuch.de/gesundheit/ernaehrung-lebensjahr/beikostdiegesundeernaehrungimerstenlebensjahr.php#:~:text=Nacheinander%20werden%20eingef%C3%BChrt%3A%20ein%20Gem%C3%BCse,mit%20der%20Beikost%20begonnen%20wird.]]> 2022-06-08 10:49:08 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837698 energy requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837971 energy requirements (Mira Sophie Janzen):

1-4 years (PAL: 1,4-1,6)
- Boys: 1200-1300 kcal/day
- Girls: 1100-1200 kcal/day 

4-7 years (PAL: 1,4-1,8) 
- Boys: 1400-1800 kcal/day 
- Girls: 1300-1700 kcal/day 

7-10 years (PAL: 1,4-1,8)  
- Boys: 1700-2100 kcal/day 
- Girls: 1500-2000 kcal/day 

10-13 years (PAL: 1,4-1,8)  
- Boys: 1900-2400 kcal/day 
- Girls: 1700-2200 kcal/day 



]]> 2022-06-08 10:49:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214837971 Micronutrient requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214838085 2022-06-08 10:49:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214838085 Recommendations for dietary behaviour jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214839153
  • 2 to 3 years: 1 serve of fruit; 2½ serves of vegetables; 4 serves of grains; 1 serve of meat/poultry; 1½ serves of dairy
  • 4 to 8 years: 1½ serves of fruit; 4½ serves of vegetables; 4 serves of grains; 1 ½ serves of meat/poultry; 1½ to 2 serves of dairy
  • 9 to 11 years: 2 serves of fruit; 5 serves of vegetables; 4 to 5 serves of grains; 2½ serves of meat/poultry; 2½ to 3 serves of dairy
  • 12 to 13 years: 2 serves of fruit; 5 to 5 ½ serves of vegetables; 5 to 6 serves of grains; 2 ½ serves meat/poultry; 3 ½ serves dairy


It is recommended that children should intake 3 meals a day and 1 to 3 snacks (morning, afternoon and possibly before bed). Healthy snacks are just as important as the food you serve at meals.


]]> 2022-06-08 10:51:05 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214839153 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214840159 2022-06-08 10:52:09 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214840159 Additional interesting facts jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841140 First 1000 days is very important part of baby's life.
(First 1000 days: Pregnancy (280 days) + 1st year (360 days) + 2nd age (360 days)

-Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommend breastfeeding for the first 6 months, with only breast milk and complementary foods, until the age of 2 and beyond.

- During the breastfeeding especially first 6 months breastmilk always changes depending to baby's necessaries. For example; if baby has some infection, breastfeeding change and produce more immunoglobulin.
- Their brain activity is so fast in this time period and breastfeeding and correct amount additional foods are helps to improve that learning-brain activity.
- Additionally breastfeeding represent to secure attachment with baby and mother. 

Ayse Merve UYAR

]]> 2022-06-08 10:53:29 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841140 Additional interesting facts jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841381 2022-06-08 10:53:49 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841381 Additional interesting facts jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841637 The weight deposition through adolescence contributes
50% to final adult weight, and energy requirements are
closely correlated to the rapid increase of fat-free mass. The
linear spurt during adolescence contributes about 15% to
final adult height.  Males gain more lean mass, which
has a higher metabolic activity than adipose tissue, while
females deposit more fatty mass. Ideal requirements should
include the timing of the pubertal growth spurt (with the
wide differences in age at which puberty starts) and the
increase in lean body mass rather than weight.]]> 2022-06-08 10:54:08 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841637 Recommendations for dietary behaviour jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841800 e.g. where to eat, frequency, which food groups?

- eating at the table without any distractions

- three meals with two healthy snacks in between in order to properly supply the body with energy and nutrients over the day.

- (1) two portions of fruits/day; three portions of vegetables/day
(2) 4-6 portions of (whole) grains/day (app. 100g/portion)
(3) 3 portions of dairy/day (app. 150-200g/portion)
(4) 2-3 portions (max.5) of (white) meat and eggs/week
(5) 2-3 tsp. plant oil/day, 20-30g of nuts/day ]]> 2022-06-08 10:54:23 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841800 Energy and macronutrient requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841995 Energy requirement:
girls: 1800 - 2400 kcal
boys: 2000 - 3200 kcal

Macronutrient requirement:
carbohydrates: 45 - 65% of daily calories 
-> 203–293g for 1800 kcal/day
proteins: 10 - 30% of daily calories 
-> 45–135g for 1800 kcal/day 
fat: 25 - 35% of daily calories 
-> 50–70g for 1,800 kcal/day 
fiber: 25–34 grams / day ]]> 2022-06-08 10:54:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214841995 Micronutrient requirements jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842248 2022-06-08 10:54:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842248 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842763 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-mcc-ltnutrition/chapter/13-5-older-adolescence-and-nutrition/]]> 2022-06-08 10:55:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842763 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842795 Das, Jai K.; Salam, Rehana A.; Thornburg, Kent L.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Campisi, Susan; Lassi, Zohra S. et al. (2017): Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs. In Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1393 (1), pp. 21–33. DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13330.]]> 2022-06-08 10:55:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842795 References jheydenr https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842822 https://gesundheitsfoerderung.ch/sites/default/files/migration/documents/Grundlagen_und_Empfehlungen_fuer_die_Ernaehrung_von_Kindern_und_Jugendlichen.pdf]]> 2022-06-08 10:55:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2214842822 Macronutrient requirements https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217434850 PROTEIN

1-3 years: 14 g/day
4-6 years: 18 g/day
7-9 years: 26 g/day
10-13 years: boys 37 g/day, girls 38 g/day

FAT
1-3 years: 30-40% of energy
4-13 years: 30-35% of energy

CARBOHYDRATES
1-13 years: >50% of energy

Reference:
https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/

]]> 2022-06-10 12:16:33 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217434850 Vitamins females https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217443299 Vitamin requirements according to DGE for the ages of...

1-4
4-7
7-10
10-13

Almost all vitamins increase during the ages, BUT vitamin D and pantothenic acid.

Reference:
https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/


(Tim Salomon)]]> 2022-06-10 12:26:30 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217443299 Minerals https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217443845
Calcium
You get calcium from dairy products like milk, cheese and yoghurt, fish with edible bones, like sardines and salmon, tofu and some green leafy vegetables, like kale and bok choy. Calcium builds strong bones and teeth.

Iodine
You get iodine from seafood, vegetables grown in iodine-rich soil, iodised salt and bread made with iodised salt. Most bakery and supermarket bread is made with iodised salt, which will give most people enough iodine. Iodine is essential for normal growth and tissue development, and helps control the ways your cells make energy and use oxygen. Pregnant and breastfeeding women need higher levels of iodine.

Iron
You get iron from meat, liver, chicken, seafood, dried beans, egg yolks and fortified breakfast cereal. Iron is especially important for brain function and red blood cell production, and it also helps carry oxygen around the body.

Zinc
You get zinc from meat, chicken, seafood, milk, seeds, tofu and wholegrain cereals. Zinc helps with growth, wound healing and immune system function.

Other essential minerals include phosphorus, magnesium, copper, manganese and chromium.


Selected Micronutrient Needs of Children 1-3 Years of Age - PubMed (nih.gov)

Nutrient requirements - British Nutrition Foundation

Vitamins & minerals for kids & teens | Raising Children Network
]]> 2022-06-10 12:27:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217443845 Energy and macronutrient requirements https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217445563 2022-06-10 12:29:11 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2217445563 https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2620251101 reference:
https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/energie/


]]> 2023-06-11 15:08:56 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2620251101 https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2624373287 2023-06-15 08:56:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jheydenr/ysuxw7qdktflkkxd/wish/2624373287