by Pip

Outline and Assess policies designed to solve the problem of crime.

phillipasmith2 — 2015-04-23 08:11:16 UTC

There are many solutions to solving crime, these solutions are influenced directly by each theory's ideology. This means their solutions will only represent what their interests. for example Right realist dominate right wing parties and as a result their solutions tro crime would be based on politics. There are also other solutions which include Left Realists, Feminists, Postmodernists and many more.

2015-04-23 09:43:36 UTC

2015-04-23 09:52:32 UTC

2015-04-23 09:53:34 UTC

Left realists solution to crime are based are the commnity and its role in moulding policy. Left realist such as Young believe social inequality is one reason for crime. He believes that improving social facilities such as providing the young with leisuire centre, lower income tax and improve housing for the poor.
Lea and Young believe in minimal policing as over policing ruins the relationship between the police and the community and thus crimes are less likely to be reported. this is supported by the PSI the police and the people in London found that half of the population doubted the standards of the police.

Another way to provide solutions to crime is by feminists. Liberal feminists believe the problem of crimes is due to under reporting and recording of crime, therefore their solutions would introduce measures to reduce the fear of crime. Newburn argues to bring in trained officers to help with rape and domestic violence so women feel more comfortable coming foward and reporting. However Freda Adler believes if women get the equality they are fighting for then they will equally cause the same ammount of crime as males.

2015-04-23 09:55:15 UTC

Radical feminists also provide solutions to crime. They argue that crime occures becasue of patriarchy and sexual exploitation, Heidensohn thinks men are the problem. Their solutions to crime include raising awareness for problems such as rape, they would do this by campeigns such as slut walks. Another solution is to change the behaviour of men by socioalising them to be lees aggressive. Critisisms for these solutions include trh

2015-04-23 10:01:02 UTC

Right Realist ideology comes from the right political wing, which is conservative and therefore their views about crime are very traditional. One solution to crime, as proposed by Right Realists, is to find ways of changing the balance between gains and losses that come from committing crimes. For example; the prescription of an alternative and less destructive drug like methadone to heroin addicts. They also believe that target hardening and situational crime prevention, such as introducing greater surveillance like CCTV, will limit the physical opportunities to commit crime. Right Realists also suggest that where strong communities exist, they can deter crime, because people who are involved in crime will lose their standing in the community. Therefore, where a community is strong, this loss will be important to people and they will try to avoid it. Right Realist, Wilson, came up with the 'Broken Windows theory' which concentrates on maintaining neighbourhoods and preventing them from deteriorating. For example if a single window is broken by vandals and goes unmended then problems will grow, with more vandalism and unruly youths hanging around on the streets. Controversially, Wilson believes that it is a waste of valuable resources for the police to put effort into the worst inner-city areas. Once law and order has broken down, the police are unlikely to be able to restore it and argues that their time would be better spent concentrating on those areas where there is still hope. Right Realism has also influenced a solution in the USA known as 'zero tolerance' policing which involves clamping down on the first sign that an area is deteriorating.

2015-04-23 10:03:53 UTC

Postmodernist would argue that crime is rational. Scheff argues that people in society who have a low self esteem argue likely to lead into an explosion of rage as a form of self defence. Scheff also argues that the idea is respect is important to young males, this respect has to be won and this respect can be obtained through acts of violence or crime and deviance. Post-modernist suggest that crime is based on fragmentation, difference and incoherence.

John Lea criticise these explanations because it can't explain crime in general. He argues that Post-modernism is unable to explain why certain groups are likely to resort to certain crimes rather than others.

Late Modernist would argue that changes in society such as declining in traditional social institutions, changes in the economy from production to service industry, the growth in importance of the mass media and changing technologies are a contributing factor towards the creation of new theories and explanation in crime. O'Malley argues that individuals and governments are less concerned about justice being done that they are limiting risk themselves. In Late Modernity, where government worry about risk an actualrial approach is taken, these governments are more concerned of the controlling behaviour of potential deviant groups in society. They use control methods such as ASBO's to control deviant individuals.

Actualial theories fail to explain crime, however they do provide a way of understanding how societies respond to high levels of crime.

2015-04-23 10:15:29 UTC

New solutions such as restorative justice move away from deterrence to newer models based on resorative justice. one solution is vicitim offender mediation this involves bringing the victim and offender together to discuss the offence and the harm that is caused.

Another solutution is conferencing where the main agents of crime are brought together and it allows the offender to seek and accept responsibility. This was aimed at 14-17 year olds in an attempt to reinforce consequences of their actions at a young age to prevent it in the future.