2) Potential bioactive phenolics of Macedonian Sideritis species used for medicinal “Mountain Tea”

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideritis
http://mediplantepirus.med.uoi.gr/pharmacology/plant_details.php?id=151

 

-Floods:
Floods are not reported that often in the area of Kastoria. However, floods have been reported in the area of Nestorio at the riverside of Aliakmonas river, without any significant consequences in the nearby locations.

-Human factor: incidents of overharvesting of mountain tea (Sideritis Raeseri) and other herbs has been reported in the area of Grammos, since the mountain is located at the borders with Albania. Plant biodiversity in the area  is threatened directly, taking into account the large amount of medicinal plants that are taken away in this way. Specifically, in April 2018 six (6) persons from Albania were arrested for having illegaly collected 132 kg of various medicinal plants . Moreover, two other persons were arrested for having collected 112 kg of them plant species Primula veris.

http://www.kathimerini.gr/963080/article/epikairothta/ellada/plh8ainoyn-oi-klopes-votanwn-ston-grammo
https://dasarxeio.com/2018/04/28/56274/


Umbicilus erectus: its thickened and fleshy leaves and stems permit it retain water in arid soil and climate conditions.  

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Acquatic species are threatened by:

    Mountain Voio has two landforms: The Big Ontria (altitude 1.589 m) and the Small Ontria (altitude 1.530 m). Since human access to these landforms is difficult, the ecosystem of Voio remains virgin and intact. The moisture of its dolines in combination with the shadowing that prevails during summer time creates a microhabitat that hosts a wide variety of plant species, such as chasmophytes and calcioles.  

http://www.kathimerini.gr/963080/article/epikairothta/ellada/plh8ainoyn-oi-klopes-votanwn-ston-grammo
https://dasarxeio.com/2018/04/28/56274/

Goal of a Local Volunteer Organization: the protection of Chamomile by raising awareness of the importance of biodiversity and to encourage everyone to play their part in its protection. This will help limit the damage being done to endangered plants and animals, their habitats and their surroundings in general. People should become responsible citizens of tomorrow with considerable environmental awareness.

Process
A. Education
 Raising environmental awareness and repsect for biodiversity at school age children
- Primary education
The first step will be the education of young children at school. The organization will co-operate with the primary schools in order to inform the future citizens of this world about the value of each species itself in the ecosystem. Volunteers will visit kindergartens and primary schools in order to organize games that will familiarize children with the value of each endangered plant species.
     Questions such as: What is chamomile? Why do we need it? Which is the role of plants in the world? Why should we protect and respect plants? , will be addressed and answered throughout the pedagogical games. The organization will need the help of The Center of Envrironmental Education of Kastoria ( Κέντρο Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης Καστοριάς) which works on promoting environemental awareness since 1995. The message will be the perservation of chamomile in its natural habitats and not the overharvesting of this species. The volunteers will give children chamomile seeds for free along the directions for planting them at their home garden.
- Secondary education
The organization will come in touch with the biology teachers of high school students in order to schedule extra lessons devoted to biodiversity. The organization will support teachers with teaching materials (videos, slide shows, lectures directed by University professors, projects on biodiversity).
The organization will support financially the field trips of high schools students to natural habitats of chamomile so that they get familiar with the specific plant and its habitats. The message will be the perservation of chamomile in its natural habitats and not the overharvesting of this species.
 The volunteers will also give children chamomile seeds for free along the directions for planting them at their home garden.

B. Promoting the cultivation of chamomile on a professional level

Since the demand of the Greek market for chamomile is very high compared to the existing quantities of this species in its natural habitats within the boundaries of Greece, the cultivation of chamomile will be a solution. At the time, 99,9% of the amount of chamomile used in Greece comes from Egypt. 
The organization will inform farmers about the option of cultivating chamomile making use of subsidised loans and European programmes that promote agricultural development and the entrepreneurship of young people in provinces. The organization will also apply press on the Greek Mininstry of Agriculture for offering better motivations and conditions to those who want to cultivate chamomile on a professional level. The present conditions are not favorable, since the cost of cultivating is much greater than the expected profit.

C. Promoting the cultivation of chamomile for hobby

    Every citizen needs to be encouraged to cultivate just for fun if not for any other significant reason chamomile in his or her back yard, garden, balcony or in simple flower pots. Chamomile growing in the garden is both useful and visually pleasing, since chamomile is characterized as "the doctor plant" because of its broad curative properties. It has been proved that the chamomile root system helps grow healthy the sickly or weak nearby plants wherever it is planted.
   The organization will give for free chamomile seeds to people who are interested in cultivating chamomile in their garden. The organization will also provide a leaflet with directions of how and when to grow chamomile in the garden. Since chamomile grows almost everywhere by itself, it will not be difficult to be cultivated even in flower pots. It does not require much water, but it surely requires a lot of sunshine for itself to grow.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/herbs/chamomile/growing-chamomile.htm

Charasteristics: A traditional medicinal herb native to Western Europe, India and Western Asia. 
It has also become abundant in the United States,

Key Threats
The clearance of heaths, drainage of winter-wet grasslands, loss of pastures to arable fields, and decline of grazing on commons.

https://www.plantlife.org.uk/uk/discover-wild-plants-nature/plant-fungi-species/chamomile

2. Tropical Andean trees migrate to higher altitudes where the air is cool enough to support their existence. Due to the fast climatic change they have to move faster in order to remain in equilibrium with their preferred temperatures.

3. Tropical Andean trees migrate to higher altitudes due to human activities in the area. Local people and tourists cut branches as souvenirs, forcing trees to migrate to remote areas faster.

 Right answer: #2.
Climatic change makes trees "move" faster due to climatic changes.