Complex Pattern of Inheritance by pradeepa sivakarthick

Incomplete Dominance and Codominance -Justin

pradeepasivakarthick — 2022-03-10 03:49:17 UTC

Polygenic Traits - Lauren

pradeepasivakarthick — 2022-03-10 03:49:36 UTC

Epistasis - Keithan

pradeepasivakarthick — 2022-03-10 03:49:56 UTC

Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, multiple alleles, and Sex linked traits

2022-03-10 04:27:18 UTC

Incomplete Dominance & Co-Dominance
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-Red fower (red R allele) Blue flower (blue R allele).

-RR(same color): in all cases the flower would be Red/Blue since there is only red/blue Rs in the genotype

-Things are a bit different when its a heterozygous genotype.

-co-dominance in RR: When the heterozygous phentotype flower shows some red and some blue
+two alleles are dominant together. traits of both shows

-incomplete dominance in RR:When the heterozygous phenotype flower shows mixture(in this case purple)
+Neither allel is completely dominant over each other. mixture of two alleles.

Multiple Allels
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-Multiple Alleles exist in a population when there are many variations of a gene present( allele > 2).

-Inheritance pattern which involves more than 2 alleles.

Sex Linked Traits
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-23 pairs of chromasomes & the last pair is referred as sex chromasomes( x and y chromasomes).

-traits in a gene that is located on a sex chromasomes.

EX) hemophilia : a medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury.

-Individuals with hemophilia are most exclusively male

+ Male : >99% , Female: <1%

- recessive x linked trait :

-Because Females have 2 x chromasomes, receiving one with mutation will not develop hemophilia.

+ Their 2nd Healthy dominant gene would have dominance over the recessive hemophilia gene.

+ To receive the hemophilia gene, they would have to receive mutation from both parents (1 in 25 million)

-Men only have 1 x chromasome and its their y chromasome cannot overshadow the hemophilia gene.

Epistasis

2022-03-10 11:49:09 UTC

-Epistasis is a process where one allele can mask the expression of another allele in the phenotype type
-A specific gene that can overshadow all other genes are called epistatic gene.
-They can work with or against each other; antagonistically (against), complimentary (with)
-The gene suppressing another gene is called epistatic gene
+Can be both recessive or dominate but both have to either be rr or RR to be a Recessive epistatic or Dominate epistatic
+Are homozygous alleles
+Works similar to Recessive epistatic, only needs one or two to block
-The gene being suppressed is called hypostatic gene
Ex: the fur colour of an animal
+ 1. Two genes give the mouse its general colour
2. One gene affects the shading
3. One gene determines if the mouse will have spots
4. the fifth can cancel out all the other genes such as a homozygous alleles can do this

Photo for Multiple alleles

2022-03-13 16:00:55 UTC

Image for Incomplete dominance & co-dominance

2022-03-13 16:02:04 UTC