Although ITS may refer to all modes of transport, EU Directive 2010/40/EU (7 July 2010) defines ITS as systems in which information and communication technologies are applied in the field of road transport, including infrastructure, vehicles and users, and in traffic management and mobility management, as well as for interfaces with other modes of transport.

Here is the answer.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

Radio modem communication on UHF and VHF frequencies are widely used for short and long range communication within ITS.

Computational technologies:

Recent advances in vehicle electronics have led to a move towards fewer, more capable computer processors on a vehicle.The new embedded system platforms allow for more sophisticated software applications to be implemented, including model-based process control, artificial intelligence, and ubiquitious computing. Perhaps the most important of these for Intelligent Transportation Systems is artificial intelligence.

Triangulation method,Vehicle re-identification,GPS based methods,Sensing technologies,Video vehicle detection,Bluetooth detection are several others improvements made through ITS.

Managed motorways—technology is used to smooth traffic flows by coordinating ramp signals and introducing lane-use management systems such as variable speed limits and variable message signs.

Driver information—current GPS systems can provide information to drivers on traffic and road conditions as well as their primary purpose of giving directions.

 Telematics—this is an ITS technology that allows monitoring of an individual vehicle's movements and can record the speed, location and mass of a vehicle.

Rail management—by using ITS technology, controllers will be able to run more efficient schedules due to better information on the location, speed and length of trains using the network.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdr12/nsdr12-final2.pdf

2.I got to know what is Intelligent Transportation System through

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system

I came to know about the basic ideas of ITS through this.

3.I knew about the methods adopted in India regarding ITS through

http://www.dimts.in/Services_Transportation_Intelligent_Transport_System.aspx

4.I became familiar to ITS in Japan by going through

https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/96fall/p96au41.cfm

5.I have gone through the videos regarding ITS to get a clear view about it.Some of them are:

a.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

b.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

6. I knew about the international conferences on ITS by going through 

http://www.itsc2015.org/

7.I have gone through "Perspectives on ITS" which is a collection of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) including the writings of Professor Joseph M. Sussman from MIT

1. My work is based on this article:

http://www.universelle-automation.de/1984_Columbus.pdf

2. The website 

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ helped me understand the complexity of ITS and numerous technical aspects of ITS technologies .

3.The following article provides an insight to the multiple problems hindering the growth of ITS and at the same time methods to combat them effectively. It helped me discover the present scenario.

https://coeut.iitm.ac.in/ITS_synthesis.pdf These are some few other sources I'd like to mention:

4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system

5. http://www.itsindia.org/

6.bhttp://www.etsi.org/technologies-clusters/technologies/intelligent-transport

7. And then there is You Tube!

There is no match to it when you want to learn about ITS.

The following videos framed the basic structure of ITS for me.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUyourDcWzw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQpU39CyLa0

8. I also came across this detailed report on ITS in Mysore:

http://www.ksrtc.in/site/sites/all/themes/ksrtc/pdf/DPR-ITS.pdf

a.yes,required b.no, not required

2.Do you think it is necessary for all the people to focus on this aspect??

a.yes , it makes life easier

b.no , there are no problems with present transportation system.

3.Should the government play an efficient role in improving the present conditions regarding the transportation system??

4.Can you think of the applications of this system after going through these articles??

1.ARTERIAL MANAGEMENT:Arterial management systems manage traffic along arterial roadways, employing traffic detectors, traffic signals, and various means of communicating information to travelers.

2.ROAD WEATHER MANAGEMENT:  Road weather management activities include road weather information systems (RWIS), winter maintenance technologies, and coordination of operations within and between state DOTs.

3.ROADWAY OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE:  ITS applications in operations and maintenance focus on integrated management of maintenance fleets, specialized service vehicles, hazardous road conditions remediation, and work zone mobility and safety.

4.TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT: Traffic incident management systems can reduce the effects of incident-related congestion by decreasing the time to detect incidents, the time for responding vehicles to arrive, and the time required for traffic to return to normal conditions.

5.EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: ITS applications in emergency management include hazardous materials management, the deployment of emergency medical services, and large and small-scale emergency response and evacuation operations. 

6.DRIVER ASSISTANCE:  Numerous intelligent vehicle technologies exist to assist the driver in operating the vehicle safely. Systems are available to aid with navigation, while others, such as vision enhancement and speed control systems, are intended to facilitate safe driving during adverse conditions.

1.I have searched for journals and articles on ITS in library and internet.

2.I went through wikipedia to get a clear idea about ITS.

3.I have searched for videos in youtube.

4.I also read some magazines in which the information regarding ITS is published.

By doing all this i understood the need and importance of ITS and i was able to summarize it.

1.chaotic-in a state of complete confusion and disorder.

2.levy-impose (a tax, fee, or fine).

3.curb-a check or restraint on something.

4.heterogeneity-a word that signifies diversity.

5.acoustic-relating to sound or the sense of hearing.

6.penalize-subject to a penalty or punishment.

7.rudimentary-involving or limited to basic principles.

8.disseminate-spread (something, especially information) widely.

1. surmount: overcome( a diffculty or an obstacle)

2. disseminate: spread something( especially infomation) widely.

3. sporadic: occuring at regular intervals or only at few at few places.

4. ameliorate: make something(bad or unsatisfactory) better.

5. mitigate: make ( something bad) less severe, painful, or serious.

6. optimize: make the best or most effective use of

7. accrue: (of a benefit or sum of money) be received by someone in regular or increasing amounts over time.

8. leverage: In finance, leverage (sometimes referred to as gearing in the United Kingdom and Australia) is any technique to multiply gains and losses.^[

ITS stands for Intelligent Transportation Systems. The ITS Program is a transportation initiative that uses advanced electronic technologies to manage our transportation infrastructure more efficiently to provide motorists with safer, more reliable roadways. ITS is currently comprised of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras, Dynamic Message Signs, and Roadway Detectors. These technologies allow traffic managers at the regional Transportation Management Center to operate and manage several interrelated services that are helping improve our existing transportation system, such as the Road Ranger Service Patrol Program, the 511 Traveler Information System and 95 Express.

The ITS Program is reducing congestion to provide safer, more reliable roadway travel conditions. By using advanced, cost-efficient technologies to manage traffic, the ITS Program is maximizing the efficiency and overall capacity of our existing roadway systems. It helps in relieving traffic congestion and reducing the need to build or widen additional roadways. The ITS Program also provides our transportation system with several interrelated services  that serve a different function, and together are improving the overall mobility of our roadways. These services include,Traffic Management, Incident Management and Traveler Information.

 4.AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEM                                                                          • AHS is a specially equipped highway lane, where the vehicles are automatically controlled by the system, not by the driver.• The system helps in keeping the vehicle in the same lane.• The AHS lanes and vehicles which operate on them are likely to have special sensors, computers and communication devices to permit automated control.                                         5.INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM                                                                        • They offer real time information about traffic conditions through variable message sign to warn accidents or other delays.• Variable message sign is a board which provide information to the motorist of the upcoming hazards.• Enables authorities to identify and respond to vehicle crashes or breakdowns with the most appropriate and timely emergency services, thereby minimizing recovery time.                                                             6.VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION SYSTEM                • ETC is a system by which drivers can pay tolls without having to stop at a toll booth.• The collection of fees is performed electronically by way of equipment installed in the vehicle and sensors at toll location.• ETC is based on vehicle roadside communication system.                                                                      

• Increase in number of vehicles has added to existing traffic congestion, especially in urban areas. Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Bengaluru have 5% of India’s population, but 14% of the total registered vehicles which leads to traffic congestion, deterioration in air quality, and increase in noise levels in the metropolitan cities.
• Under Government of India (GoI) support, many cities are implementing: Metro rail, BRT, monorail and other forms of public transport. Thus, opening up opportunities in passenger information systems, smart cards and integrated ticketing, and parking management. These technologies also have application in the long-distance rail industry.
  
• Freight is a disorganised sector in India and has huge potential for development. Use of ITS for proper vehicle tracking, vehicle emissions and fuel costs, can help reduce carbon footprint and introduce several degrees of efficiency.
  

I watched many informative videos to further shape the idea I had acquired from my former research.

I discussed the topic and its various applications with my group members to get a lucid image of it .

I went through a journal in the library.

(1) Intersection control - At intersections, deciding the total signal cycle and the split of green times among different flows, is one of the most basic traffic management applications.

(2) Incident detection - Pinpointing locations of accidents or vehicle breakdown is important to handle the emergency situations.

(3) Vehicle classification- Knowing what kind of vehicles, and in what proportions, ply a certain road stretch, helps to choose appropriate road width and pavement materials.

(4) Monitoring - Pollution and road quality monitoring are necessary for taking corrective measures.

(5) Revenue collection - Toll taxes for infrastructure maintenance and fines for rule enforcement need to be collected. (6) Historical traffic data - Long term data helps to plan new infrastructure, calibrate traffic signal times, add public transport.

1. I have browsed through the internet and went through the journals and articles.

2. I have seen videos related to ITS on youtube.

3. I have been to the library to find out more about ITS.

4. I had a group discussion with my group members to get a more clear picture about ITS.

a. yes b. no

c. can't say

2. Is ITS the sole system responsible for transportaton management? Or we as the users have a significant role to play as well?

a. yes b. no

3. Who do you think is doing a good job for ITS?

a. government

b. private corporations

c. none of them

4. Do you think there's a need for more awareness on ITS?

a. yes b. no

1. My work is based on the article: http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c05/e6-40-03-04.pdf

2. Applications from:

https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdr12/nsdr12-final2.pdf

3. I knew the methods adopted in India through the following:

http://ebtc.eu/pdf/120913_SNA_Snapshot_Intelligent-transport-systems-in-India.pdf

4. ITS in European cities:

http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-08-789_en.htm

5. Youtube videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEJe-I4ZosU

6. Research article on ITS:

http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281106542_Future_role_of_costbenefit_analysis_in_intelligent_transport_system-research

7. Journal:

http://link.springer.com/journal/13177

1. Do you think India needs improvement when it comes to ITS?

a. yes b. no

2. Do you think ITS will improve the present situation

regarding the traffic and the transport system?

a. yes b. no c. maybe

3.Who do you think can spread the awareness more widely?

a. government

b. public

4. In how many years will India be implementing ITS throughout the country?

a. 10 years

b. 20 years

c. more than 20 years

d. less than 10 years

The training for our nation’s air traffic controllers must keep pace with the latest technology and match the skills of a digital, connected workforce. 

RAILWAYS:

Although, technology is reaching great heights, there are many things in which India is still lagging behind.

To improve upon this we can introduce MagLev trains in India. A MagLev is way faster than your usual bullet train. MagLevs can reach speeds up to 500 kilometres per hour. Due to its lack of wheels, MagLevs are quieter than normal trains, or sometimes even traffic.

ROADWAYS:

In our country, we can devise some ways to utilise the technology to improve the service of ambulances.

1. Tripartite: shared by or involving three parties.

2. Accelerometer: an instrument for measuring the acceleration of a moving or vibrating body.

3. Carbon footprint: the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.

4.Heterogeneity: diversity, different from each other.

5. Crowdsource: obtain (information or input into a particular task or project) by enlisting the services of a number of people, either paid or unpaid, typically via the Internet.

6. Teledensity:  number of telephone connections for every hundred individuals living within an area.

7. Triangulation: Triangulation is a powerful technique that facilitates validation of data through cross verification from two or more sources.

Using the objectives of Intelligent transportation systems to improve the TRAFFIC INCIDENT MANAGEMENT as this can offer real time information about traffic conditions.

This improves the present conditions in all means of transportation like roadways , railways , airways and waterways.

This can reduce the effects of incident-related congestion by decreasing the time to detect incidents, the time for responding vehicles to arrive, and the time required for traffic to return to normal conditions.

If further work is done in improvement of traffic incident management,it would be a great help to all the people.