Definition of hikmah

• Wisdom,intellect, and knowledge

• By Rabi bin Anas : fear to Allah

• By Ibn Zayd : understanding Allah's command

Relationship between hikmah and ibadah

• Worship is not just physical acts but also shapes inner qualities like humility, sincerity, and devotion.

• With the right intention, worship helps acquire Ḥikmah.

Niyyah (Intention)

• Definition: intention to draw closer to Allah and earn His reward.

• Importance: distinguishes acts done for Allah from those done for others.

• Tips for correct intention:

    • Sincerity, purity of motive.

    • Clear purpose.

    • Focus and consistency throughout worship.

Amal (Good Deeds)

• Refers to performing good deeds and acts of worship.

• Must be done sincerely and consistently.

• Examples: prayer, zakat, fasting, hajj, kindness.

Ihsan

• Definition: worship Allah as if you see Him; if not, know He sees you.

• Virtues: compassion, honesty, humility, patience.

Prayer serves as a continuous moral compass for the believer throughout their daily life. 

• Moral Restraint: It is specifically designed to prohibit the practitioner from engaging in immorality and wrongdoing. 

• Spiritual Priority: The remembrance of Allah through prayer is identified as the greatest pursuit. 

• Divine Oversight: It reinforces the realization that Allah is fully aware of every action a person takes. 

2. Ṣawm (Fasting)

Fasting is described as a historical and spiritual discipline aimed at internal growth. 

• Attaining Taqwa: The primary goal of fasting is to enable the believer to become righteous and God-conscious (Taqwa). 

• Universal Tradition: The practice is noted as a continuation of the decrees sent to those who came before, highlighting its timeless necessity for spiritual development. 

3. Zakāh (Almsgiving/Charity)

Charity serves a dual purpose of purifying the individual and benefiting the community. 

• Spiritual Purification: Taking from one’s wealth for charity acts as a means to purify the soul and heart. 

• Growth and Increase: Beyond purification, it is a source of "increase" or growth for the believer. 

• Psychological Comfort: The prayers and invocations associated with charity provide a sense of reassurance and peace to the giver. 

4. Ḥajj (The Pilgrimage)

The pilgrimage to Makkah is a rigorous exercise in self-discipline and mindfulness. 

• Ethical Conduct: During the specific months of Hajj, a believer must strictly avoid sexual relations, disobedience, and all forms of disputing. 

• Prioritizing the Spiritual: While physical provisions are necessary for the journey, the text emphasizes that the "best provision" one can carry is the fear of Allah (Taqwa)

1. Salah (Prayer):
   Explains the conditions of obligation and validity, pillars of prayer, actions that invalidate prayer, recommended (sunnah) acts, sunat ab‘adh and hai’ah, and disliked (makruh) actions during prayer.

2. Wudu’ (Ablution):
   Describes the pillars and conditions of validity, actions that nullify wudu’, recommended practices, proper number of washings, and the importance of cleanliness and moderation in water use.

3. Tayammum (Dry Ablution):
   Discusses valid reasons for performing tayammum, such as lack of water or health concerns, and outlines its pillars and method.

4. Khushu’ (Devotion in Prayer):
   Defines khushu’ as focused humility and awareness before Allah (a sunnah, not a pillar), identifies factors that hinder it (e.g., distractions and emotional attachments), and provides practical steps to achieve it through proper preparation, understanding prayer recitations, avoiding distractions, and maintaining calmness.

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ (1) الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ (2)

Khusyuk is presence of heart and mind before Allah that involve calmness, humility and attectiveness

At taah

Al jihad (Striving in the path of Allah)

• Jihad in solat is iner struggle which is fighting with laziness and distractions

Muhasabah (Self reflection)

• Self reflection is knows as evaluating action and intention

• It is a moment to realize and remember our sin to bring us to Allah

Iffah (Modesty & self restrain)

• Salah with khusyu can guarding one self from sinful acts

Tawaddu' (Humility)

• Tawaddu is act of recognising dependence on Allah by let the pride and arrogance aside

• In Salah, sujud is a symbol of humility

In conclusion, khusyu in Salah can build strong islamic personality to improve our behaviour and self control and strengthen our fainth in Allah

• Fasting is an obligation prescribed by Allah upon the believers, just as it was prescribed to nations before them (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183).

• The command “O believers” shows that fasting is a test and proof of true faith.

• Only those with sincere iman can truly fulfill the obligation of fasting correctly.

• The phrase “as it was prescribed for those before you” refers mainly to Jews and Christians, and according to another view, all previous nations.

• Allah mentions previous nations to ease the burden of fasting and motivate Muslims to perform better.

• The main purpose of fasting is to attain taqwa, which means being mindful, cautious, and protecting oneself from Allah’s displeasure.

• Taqwa comes from the word wiqayah, meaning protection or prevention from harm.

• The story of Umar ibn al-Khattab and Ka’ab al-Ahbar explains taqwa as being careful and alert, like walking through a thorny path.

• Fasting helps build taqwa by training self-control and awareness of Allah at all times.

• Fasting is not accepted in spirit if one continues lying, false speech, and bad conduct, as mentioned in the hadith of Abu Hurairah (RA).

• One of the major virtues of fasting is sabr (patience) and self-restraint.

• Fasting develops patience in obeying Allah, avoiding His prohibitions, and facing trials and hardships.

• Imam Al-Ghazali explained three levels of fasting:
  

  • Minimum level: refraining from food, drink, and sexual relations.

  • Intermediate level: restraining the limbs (tongue, eyes, ears, hands) from sins.

  • Optimal level: restraining the heart from worldly distractions and focusing on Allah.

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• Fasting also nurtures rahmah (mercy and empathy) among Muslims.

• Hunger and thirst help Muslims understand the suffering of the poor and needy.

• Fasting encourages generosity and kindness, especially through feeding others who are fasting.

• The hadith of Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani (RA) highlights that feeding a fasting person brings equal reward without reducing the reward of the one who fasts.

• Overall, fasting is a comprehensive act of worship that strengthens faith, purifies character, increases patience, deepens empathy, and brings believers closer to Allah.

• Zakah is one of the pillars of Islam
  → It is an obligatory act of worship for Muslims who meet the conditions.

• Zakah has individual and social impacts
  → It purifies the soul and strengthens society.

• Islamic obligations are not meant to burden
  → The goal is to produce righteous servants who benefit the community.

• Zakah means growth and increase
  → It signifies blessing and development.

• Zakah also means purification
  → It cleanses wealth and the heart from greed.

• Associated with righteousness and good character
  → A person who gives zakah is morally upright.

The Importance of Zakah in Islam

• The third pillar of Islam
  → Mentioned in the Hadith of Jibril after shahadah and salah.

• Frequently mentioned together with prayer in the Qur’an
  → Indicates its great importance.

• Promotes spiritual purification and social responsibility
  → Builds a balanced Muslim character.

Virtues of Zakah

• Strengthens tawakkul (reliance on Allah)
  → Trusting Allah rather than wealth.

• Builds ukhuwah (brotherhood)
  → Enhances unity and care among Muslims

Conclusion

• Zakah combines spiritual and social dimensions
  → It purifies the soul and supports the community.

• It teaches reliance on Allah
  → Muslims feel peace by giving their wealth.

• It promotes unity and responsibility
  → Strengthens compassion and togetherness in society.