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Windows User Accounts

2014-01-15 09:34:06 UTC

A user account determines how you interact with your PC and personalise it. For example, your account determines which apps, files, and folders you can use, the changes you can make to the PC, and your personal preferences, such as your Start screen layout, desktop background or screen saver. If you create separate accounts for other people, they don't have to share the same settings, which means you can restrict access to your email inbox, social networking and other files, and use different account pictures, colours or desktop backgrounds for each account.

There are three types of accounts. Each type gives you a different level of control over the PC:

Administrator accounts provide the most control over a PC, and should be used sparingly. You probably created this type of account when you first started using your PC.
Standard accounts are for everyday use. If you're setting up accounts for other people on your PC, it's a good idea to give them standard accounts.
Child accounts are useful for parents who want to monitor or set limits on their child's PC use, with the Family Safety settings in Windows. For more info about Family Safety, see setting up family safety.

In addition to choosing one of these account types, you can also choose a sign-in method for each type: people can sign in to Windows with a Microsoft account or a local account.

Linux Permissions

2014-01-15 09:36:02 UTC

read - The Read permission refers to a user's capability to read the contents of the file.

write - The Write permissions refer to a user's capability to write or modify a file or directory.

execute - The Execute permission affects a user's capability to execute a file or view the contents of a directory.

firewall

2014-01-15 09:37:34 UTC

firewall scripts - It may not always be necessary to block all users from reading the firewall file, but it is advisable to restrict the users from writing to the file. In this case the firewall script is run by the root user automatically on boot, so all other users need no rights, so you can assign the 700 permissions.

Antivirus

oca14267170 — 2014-01-15 09:40:54 UTC

Antivirus is computer software used to prevent, detect and remove malicious computer viruses.

Most antivirus before going on a website do a scan to ensure that the website will not put any viruses on your computer and some even tell you if the website you are going to is a phishing

Root Account Linux

2014-01-15 09:44:09 UTC

A root account is the most priviallged account that will allow you to carry out all facets of te system adminstrator. Although this is a mian account you have to be very careful as the root account has no security restrictions within. As it is the most important profile it will think you know what you will be doing and will allow any request you ask which means if you mis type anytyhing into the command there is a possiblity that all your crucial files could be wiped.

Linux Permissions

2014-01-15 09:47:39 UTC

Permission Groups

Each file and directory has three user based permission groups:

owner - The Owner permissions which apply only to the owner of the file or directory, and they dont impact the actions of other users.
group - The Group permissions apply only to the group that has been assigned to the file or directory, they will not effect the actions of other users.
all users - The All Users permissions apply to all other users on the system, this is the permission group that you want to watch the most.

Permission Types

Each file or directory has three basic permission types:

read - The Read permission refers to a user's capability to read the contents of the file.
write - The Write permissions refer to a user's capability to write or modify a file or directory.
execute - The Execute permission affects a user's capability to execute a file or view the contents of a directory.

Viewing the Permissions

You can view the permissions by checking the file or directory permissions in your GUI File Manager or by reviewing the output of a specific command while in the terminal and while working in the directory which contains the file or folder.

The permission in the command line is displayed as: _rwxrwxrwx 1 owner:group

User rights/Permissions

1. The first character that I marked with an underscore is the special permission flag that can vary.
2. The following set of three characters (rwx) is for the owner permissions.
3. The second set of three characters (rwx) is for the Group permissions.
4. The third set of three characters (rwx) is for the All Users permissions.
Following that grouping since the integer/number displays the number of hardlinks to the file.
The last piece is the Owner and Group assignment formatted as Owner:Group.

Modifying the Permissions

When in the command line, the permissions are edited by using the command chmod. You can assign the permissions explicitly or by using a binary reference as described below.

Firewall

oca14267170 — 2014-01-15 09:56:20 UTC

A firewalls packet filter looks at each packet entering or leaving the network and accepts or rejects it based on user-defined rules

A proxy sever intercepts all messages entering and leaving the network. The proxy server effectively hides the true network addresses.

Knoppix/Linux

2014-01-15 10:01:26 UTC

User accounts

The user account

The Knoppix user account is called “knoppix”. This account is for all productivity tasks, including CD burning and printing. When the X Window System starts, you are logged in to that user account automatically, without a password.

The superuser account

The superuser account is for system administration tasks. The superuser account is called the root account. When Knoppix starts, you are logged in as root to all four consoles automatically with no password. It is also possible to use the root account within the X Window System.