Timber, Logging, and Deforestation: A Historiography of Forest Exploitation in Modern Philippine History by Jonathan Alvarez

TOPIC: Logging Industry in Agusan during the Post-war Period

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:17:27 UTC

Deep Forestry

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:18:26 UTC

Bankoff, Greg. “‘Deep Forestry’: Shapers of the Philippine Forests.” Environmental History 18, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 523–56. https://doi.org/10.1093/envhis/emt037

Forester in the Spanish Philippines

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:19:07 UTC

Bankoff, Greg. “A Month in the Life of José Salud, Forester in the Spanish Philippines, July 1882.” Global Environment 2, no. 3 (January 2009): 8–47

Deforestation in the Philippines, 1946-1995

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:20:04 UTC

Bao, Maohang. “Deforestation in the Philippines, 1946-1995.” Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints 60, no. 1 (2012): 117–30. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634705

Agusan's Loggers

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:21:18 UTC

Schreurs, Peter. “Agusan’s Loggers: Hewers of Wood and Carriers of Water?” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 9, no. 4 (1981): 261–74. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29791737

Deforestation in the Postwar Philippines

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:21:54 UTC

Kummer, David M. Deforestation in the Postwar Philippines. University of Chicago Press, 1992

Forests of Southeast Asia, Forest Transition Theory and the Anthropocene

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:22:40 UTC

Boomgaard, Peter. “The Forests of Southeast Asia, Forest Transition Theory and the Anthropocene, 1500-2000.” In Economic Development and Environmental History in the Anthropocene, edited by Gareth Austin. Bloomsbury, 2017

Forest Devolution and State Capital

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:23:11 UTC

Magno, Francisco. “Forest Devolution and Social Capital: State—Civil Society Relations in the Philippines.” Environmental History 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 264–86. https://doi.org/10.2307/3985087

Forest versus Agriculture

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:24:05 UTC

Potter, Lesley. “Forest versus agriculture: Colonial forest services, environmental ideas and regulation of land-use in Southeast Asia” in The Political Ecology of Tropical Forests in Southeast Asia: Historical Perspectives ed. Tuk-po, L, W. de Jong, and Abe Ken-Ichi. Kyoto University Press, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/18688

The Lumberman and the Lumber Industry

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:24:46 UTC

Luyt, Brendan. “The Lumberman and the Lumber Industry in the 1950s Philippines.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 53, no. 1–2 (June 2022): 209–25. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022463422000261

Forest in Flames

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:25:15 UTC

Smith, Will, and Wolfram H. Dressler. “Forged in Flames: Indigeneity, Forest Fire and Geographies of Blame in the Philippines.” Postcolonial Studies 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 527–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/13688790.2020.1745620

Population Pressure and Deforestation in the Philippines

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:30:39 UTC

Cruz, Wilfrido D., and Maria Concepcion J. Cruz. “Population Pressure and Deforestation in the Philippines.” ASEAN Economic Bulletin 7, no. 2 (1990): 200–212. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25770305

Social Dynamics of Deforestation in the Philippines

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 01:31:40 UTC

Top, Gerhard van den. The Social Dynamics of Deforestation in the Philippines: Actions, Options and Motivations. NIAS Press, 2003

Timber Booms and Institutional Breakdown in Southeast Asia

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 02:35:11 UTC

Ross, Michael L. Timber Booms and Institutional Breakdown in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, 2001

Environmental

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:39:55 UTC

Looks at the topic in relation to the environment and often incorporates ecology into the analysis

Structuralist

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:41:07 UTC

Identifies historical structures that drive history

Forest Management

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:42:42 UTC

Focuses on how forest bureaus/agencies operated or how forests are managed

Cultural

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:44:19 UTC

Looks at the cultural aspects of the topic

Knowledge Creation

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:45:14 UTC

Focuses on how certain discourses clash to establish power and dictate the way society is driven

Newspaper history

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:46:51 UTC

Uses newspapers and literary sources as lens to see how they shape discourse

Social

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:48:43 UTC

Looks at social history by incorporating political, social, cultural, environmental and economic dimensions together to have a full understanding of the topic

Mobility and Migration

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:49:26 UTC

Looks at migration and population pressures as a cause for deforestation

Transnational and Global

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:51:54 UTC

Looks at the global and transnational connections which have influenced the topic

Deforestation

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:56:06 UTC

Revolves specifically around the phenomenon of deforestation

Kaingin

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 06:57:19 UTC

Directly addresses the debate surrounding swidden/shifting agriculture (also known as kaingin)

From Salt to Students: Small-Scale Logging in the Agusan Hinterlands

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-16 14:42:34 UTC

Gatmaytan, Augusto B. “From ‘Salt’ To ‘Students’: Small-Scale Logging In The Agusan Hinterlands, 1970s To 2010s.” Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development 47, no. 1/2 (2018): 1–38. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45172886

Deforestation and Mangyan in Mindoro

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:35:53 UTC

Schult, Volker “Deforestation and Mangyan in Mindoro” Philippine Studies 49, no. 2 (2001): 151-175. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634624

Empire Forestry and Its Failure in the Philippines: 1901-1941

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:37:20 UTC

Luyt, Brendan. “Empire Forestry and Its Failure in the Philippines: 1901–1941.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 47, no. 1 (February 2016): 66–87. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022463415000466

Environmental Motivations for Migration

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:38:23 UTC

Amacher, Gregory S., Wilfrido Cruz, Donald Grebner, and William F. Hyde. “Environmental Motivations for Migration: Population Pressure, Poverty, and Deforestation in the Philippines” Land Economics 74, no. 1 (1994), 92-101. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3147215

Weak State, Ravaged Forests

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:39:03 UTC

Magno, Francisco. “Weak State, Ravaged Forests: Political Constraints to Sustainable Upland Management in the Philippines” Philippine Political Science Journal 17, no. 1-4 (1992), 79-96. https://doi-org.oca.rizal.library.remotexs.co/10.1163/2165025X-0170104006

Managing Subsistence Use of the Forests

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:39:44 UTC

Tucker, Richard P. “Managing Subsistence Use of the Forest: The Philippine Bureau of Forestry, 1904-60” in Changing Pacific Forests: Historical Perspectives on the Pacific Basin Forest Economy ed. Tucker, Richard P. and John Dargavel. Duke University Press, 1992

The Forestry Crisis in the Philippines

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:40:22 UTC

Bautista, Germelino M. “The Forestry Crisis in the Philippines: Nature, Causes, and Issues” The Developing Economics 28, no. 1 (1990), 67-94. https://doi-org.oca.rizal.library.remotexs.co/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1990.tb00175.x

Plundering Paradise

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:40:52 UTC

Broad, Robin, and John Cavanagh. Plundering Paradise: The Struggle for the Environment in the Philippines. University of California Press, 1993.

Power from the Forest: The Politics of Logging

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-18 13:41:36 UTC

Vitug, Marites Dañguilan. Power from the Forest: The Politics of Logging. Revised ed. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, 1993

Political Structures

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 06:48:08 UTC

Looks through the lenses of structures in politics

Indigenous People's Perspective

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 06:51:53 UTC

Looks at the perspectives and experiences of indigenous peoples

Shadows in the Forest: Japan and the Politics of Timber in Southeast Asia

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 07:05:52 UTC

Dauvergne, Peter. “Shadows in the Forest: Japan and the Politics of Timber in Southeast Asia.” PhD Diss., University of British Columbia, 1995. UBC Library Open Collections (10.14288)

Post-Colonial

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 07:14:43 UTC

Attempts to decolonize the topic by criticizing dominant colonial narratives and promoting subjugated and marginalized perspectives

Economic Structures

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 07:19:58 UTC

Looks at different economic factors and institutions to see how they work as certain structures

Post-Colonial

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 12:37:47 UTC

Attempts to decolonize the topic by criticizing dominant colonial narratives and promoting subjugated and marginalized perspectives

The Green Tiger

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 14:19:46 UTC

Goldoftas, Barbara. The Green Tiger: The Costs of Ecological Decline in the Philippines. Oxford University Press, 2006

Environmentalist

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 14:21:02 UTC

These works focuses on histories and narratives of the environmentalist movement and the costs of environmental degradation

Legend

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 14:32:09 UTC

Purple - the topic

White - the sources

Yellow - the main frameworks

Blue - the additional frameworks

Microhistory

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 14:37:25 UTC

Zooms into the small picture, focusing on individuals, specific locations, and the significance of these for the big picture

Agta Foragers: Alternative Histories, and Cultural Autonomy in Luzon

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 16:34:43 UTC

Griffin, Marcus B., and P. Bion Griffin. “Agta Foragers: Alternative Histories, and Cultural Autonomy in Luzon.” The Australian Journal of Anthropology 8, no. 3 (1997): 259–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1997.tb00167.x.

Subaltern Studies

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-19 16:36:08 UTC

This works touch on subaltern classes and how they attempt to carve out a space for themselves separate from the state and mainstream society,

Defending Lands and Forests

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-20 08:02:55 UTC

Dressler, Wolfram. “Defending Lands and Forests: NGO histories, everyday struggles, and extraordinary violence in the Philippines” Critical Asian Studies 53, no. 3 (2021), 380-411. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2021.1899834

Swidden Farming as an Agent of Environmental Change

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-20 13:38:57 UTC

Henley, David. “Swidden Farming as an Agent of Environmental Change: Ecological Myth and Historical Reality in Indonesia.” Environment and History 17, no. 4 (2011): 525–54. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41303534

Discourse and Southeast Asian Deforestation: A Case Study of the International Tropical Timber Organization

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-21 12:22:40 UTC

Gale, Fred. “Discourse and Southeast Asian Deforestation: A Case Study of the International Tropical Timber Organization” in The Political Ecology of Tropical Forests in Southeast Asia: Historical Perspectives ed. Tuk-po, L, W. de Jong, and Abe Ken-Ichi. Kyoto University Press, 2003., 236-264 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/18688

Forest Management and Use: Philippine Policies in the Seventies and Beyond

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-22 05:08:04 UTC

Makil, Perla Q. ¨Forest Management and Use: Philippine Policies in the Seventies and Beyond¨ Philippine Studies 32, no. 1 (1984), 27-53. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42632681

The Timber Trade and the Growth of Manila

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-22 13:09:47 UTC

Burzynski, Joseph. “The Timber Trade and the Growth of Manila, 1864-1881” Philippines Studies 50, no. 2 (2002), 168-192. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42634459

Commodity

jonathancaloalvarez — 2025-05-22 13:20:48 UTC

Uses a commodity based approach by following the history of a specific trade commodity