"Conceptual map of signals and their classification" by JESÚS ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ BAÑOS

SINGS AND CLASSIFICATIONS

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:05:25 UTC

PERIODIC SIGNALS

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:12:22 UTC

Periodic signals are those to which a repeatability pattern can be found.

Characteristics

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:23:58 UTC

The amplitude of the signal refers to the maximum value that it reaches.

It is the maximum distance between the farthest point of a wave and the equilibrium or middle point.

Peak amplitude: it is the maximum value that a signal has, considered from the value “0”.

Peak-to-peak amplitude: is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value.

APERIODIC SIGNALS

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:34:05 UTC

An aperiodic, or non-periodic, signal does not have a repeating pattern, it can be broken down into a number of periodic signals. A sine wave is the simplest periodic signal.

Simple Analog Signals

200204010 — 2022-03-14 16:38:16 UTC

A simple or fundamental analog signal is the simplest periodic analog signal that can be obtained. The graphical representation of a simple signal is known as a sine wave and corresponds to the graphical representation of the trigonometric sine function.

Simple analog signals are described by three characteristics: amplitude, frequency and phase.

Characteristics

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:46:09 UTC

Strictly limited in time: They are those signs that by themselves have a birth and an end. For example, an electrical impulse.
Asymptotically limited in time: They are those that are the product of being rational and as a result of a division, at certain points, tend to infinity.

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 16:53:37 UTC

Composite Analog Signals

200204010 — 2022-03-14 16:55:09 UTC

are periodic signals whose variation does not follow the sinusoidal waveform.

According to Fourier analysis, any composite signal is actually a combination of single waves with different frequencies, amplitudes and phases.

Remember

200204010 — 2022-03-14 17:00:42 UTC

Amplitude (A): is the maximum value of a signal, considered from the value "0".

Cycle: the wave repeats in the same order, it is said to have completed a pattern. The cycle is formed by a positive and a negative half-cycle.

Period (T): is the amount of time it takes for a signal to complete a cycle; it is measured in "seconds", T=1/f.

Frequency (f): is the number of periods or cycles in one second whose magnitude is Hz. Frequency is the inverse of the period. f=1/T

Phase: describes the position of the waveform relative to the 0 time state.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Spectrum of Frequencies

200204010 — 2022-03-14 17:01:39 UTC

Any periodic signal can be decomposed as a sum of sine waves, whose amplitudes and frequencies are obtained from the Fourier analysis. This decomposition is called frequency spectrum of a signal. The way to represent this spectrum graphically is by means of the classic coordinate axes, assigning the value of the frequencies to the abscissa axis and drawing their amplitudes on the coordinate axis.

The unit to represent a period is the second, although submultiples of the second are very often used:

200204010 — 2022-03-14 17:03:58 UTC

The millisecond (ms): is the unit of time that corresponds to the thousandth fraction of a second (0.001s or 1×10-3).

The microsecond (µs): is the unit of time that corresponds to one millionth of a second. One microsecond = 0.000001 s or 10-6 s

The nanosecond (ns): is the unit of time equal to one billionth of a second, 10-9. A nanosecond is the length of a clock cycle of a 1 GHz processor, and is also the time it takes light to travel approximately 30 cm.

The picosecond (pico): is the unit of time equal to one billionth of a second, abbreviated ps. 1 ps = 1 × 10-12 s.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Aperiodic Digital Signal

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-14 17:09:03 UTC

A digital signal can be broken down into an infinite number of simple sine waves called harmonics, each of which has a different amplitude, frequency, and phase. This means that when a digital signal is sent over a physical medium, an infinite number of simple signals are being sent. Since there is no practical medium that is capable of transferring the entire frequency range, there is always some corruption. Therefore, although the digital signal has an infinite number of frequencies with different amplitudes, if only those components whose amplitudes are significant are sent, the digital signal can still be reconstructed with reasonable accuracy, that part of the infinite spectrum is called the significant spectrum and its bandwidth is called significant bandwidth.

ALUMNOS :

jesusantoniorodriguezbanos7 — 2022-03-16 15:24:51 UTC

:Jesus Antonio Rodriguez Baños

Carlos Manuel Vaquez López