For much of UN’s history, the UN was virtually paralyzed by superpower rivalry.
Internationalist:  The Internationalist argue that national states have full control over their affairs and the UN would have a very limited kind of influence on their internal external kind of influence. The UN cannot really influence the conflicts between two countries, for example, it has limited influence on the succession of Arab-Israeli war, this reflects the power of nations still remain high.
Transformationalist: The economic development inside the UN’s member countries is uneven. Developed countries such as the US want to prevent developing countries such as China to develop their economy, so they may use some sections. This may lead a further inequality inside the UN and the world. Although they have had past setbacks, the organization is without a doubt, the strongest, most wide-reaching, and well-respected global peace initiative that the world has ever seen.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13431486

Internationalist:
Internationalists believe that the UN Security Council should bear the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security, and it should be the Security Council to deploy UN peace operations. For example, in 2003, for example, the United States decided to invade Iraq over the objections of the United Nations

EXAMPLE:  mots nation sates still follow their own rules and practices when it comes to human rights, their treatment of minority groups etc and the UN has little power to implement anything meaningful in these countries.




Transformationalists:
The UN may have exaggerated their influence. For example, some countries are unable to join the The UN, thus they are unable to contribute to the global projects launched by the UN. So the positive influence of UN cannot be determined to applied to the whole world

How nation states and the UN will need to negotiate their differences and come to conclusions. For example the nuclear activities in Iran, sanctioned by the UN/ brought many economics sanctions against the country, however, the Iranian gov still pursue  its nuclear activities which they claim to be peaceful however at the same time they work with the  IAEA to reach mutually acceptable solutions.

The UN can still create an effective security system, and it is gradually becoming less subject to the influence of the superpowers. For example, between 1996 and 2006, UN resolutions were vetoed only 13 times by the five permanent members. The superpower UN began to have the opportunity to reassert peace. Although it is also influenced by the power of the superpowers, its authority also limits the superpowers' ability to do what they want.