Regional importance of Slavery meaning that it shaped the diaspora, in terms of the culture it help diversify the culture of the Caribbean region. For example singer Bob Marley sang and wrote songs for freedom. As a result of slavery in the Caribbean the remaining slaves did not have much of an intellectual input of themselves. According to Mehta, 2004, these men and women can interrogate their rights of participatory ownership society through their artistic and intellectual input. However, there is room for developing their own intellectual input allowing them to engage in critical thinking and reflection about the reality of society as well as the problems of society pleasantly, gaining power to become liberated of themselves. 

Historically and today, where there is oppression there is also resistance. Beginning in the 15thcentury during the age of exploration and conquest and continuing in its brutality until the late 20thcentury people of African descent were forcibly removed from their African homelands by Europeans, as well as with the economic and political coercion of some African rulers, who aware of the negative effects on their people and the stability of their nations, were often caught between the desire to end the slave trade. (Marti, 2016).

Race identities may emerge based on racial and ethnic characteristics of individuals which are powerful identification points that can go across geographical lines. Religion membership in some religious structures also offer a strong basis for identification.  Geography is one of the fundamental identity formation tools for Caribbean people, some choose to define themselves in the territory they were born in.  Linguistics reflects inputs of people from different art of the world which has resulted in a rich cultural mix. As a consequence, linguistics tradition of different languages, pidgins and creoles. These cut across racial, political and geographical boundaries and unite many based on common linguistic heritage. According to history, slavery, indentureship and colonialism provide an untied set of shared experiences for people. Many Caribbean people choose to identify themselves based on political allegiance which may be passed on from generations to generation. (Rickford, 2012)

On sugarcane plantations in the Caribbean black women as women of African descent have resisted slavery and oppression as individuals as well as in leadership roles in resistance movements. Because different geographic locations shaped the realities of women of African descent in varying ways, the ways in which they resisted the violent and forced exploitation of their labour and reproduction also were incredibly varied.

Resistance to slavery came in many forms, all of which contributed to the abolition of slavery as an institution in the Americas in the second half of the nineteenth century. There were two main arms of resistance: that of slaves themselves and that of abolitionists, whose calls for the end of slavery became louder and more forceful beginning in the last two decades of the eighteenth century. Africans resisted slavery in several ways. They launched attacks on the crews aboard slave ships. Slavers’ reports document over 400 such attacks, but scholars believe there were many more. Once ashore, Africans ran away, sometimes establishing Maroon communities. Maroon communities, such as those in Suriname and Jamaica warred with white settlers throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. These African slaves revolted on the very lands on which they were enslaved (Gray, 2000).

Language, Culture and Caribbean Identity, 2012, John R. Rickford, Jeannette Allsopp

Beniamin Perace “The effects of slavery on the Caribbean” August 29, 2014.

Banks, James A. March Toward Freedom: A History of Black Americans. 

Belmont, CA: Fearon Publishers, 1970.

 Ford, Lacy K. Deliver Us From Evil: The Slavery Question in the Old South. New York: Oxford University Press US, 2009.

 
Franklin, John Hope and Loren Schweninger. Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation. New York: Oxford University Press US, 2000.

 
Raboteau, Albert J. Slave Religion: The "Invisible Institution" in the Antebellum South. New York: Oxford University Press US, 2004.

 
White, Deborah Gray. “Let My People Go: 1804-1860” in To make Our World Anew: A History of African Americans, ed. Robin D. G. Kelley and Earl Lewis, 169-226. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

 
 Martí, J. (2016) http://friktionmagasin.dk/index.php/2016/10/01/colonies-sugar-and-migration-in-the-english-caribbean/ (Accessed on 10/04/2017).

 The National Museum, 2016

 
 Macmillian Caribbean., (2008) https://www.macmillan-caribbean.com/uploads/aa209150-89b7-45c0-b7da-18e38b194374_CSEC%20History%20Book%201.pdf (Accessed on 10/04/2017).

 Identity in the Caribbean., (2016) http://www.discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/after-slavery/wider-world/african-diaspora/identity-in-caribbean/ (Accessed on 10/04/2017).

 
Brereton, B. (1996) An introduction to the History of Trinidad and Tobago.

 

Undergraduate Coursework Accountability Statement (To be completed by student)

 

ACADEMIC YEAR:             2016-2017                            SEMESTER:         II

COURSE CODE:                  FOUN 1101                         TITLE:                   Caribbean Civilisation

NAME: Catherina Subhasingh     ID: 813003684

 

1.            I hereby certify that I am the author of the attached item of coursework and that all materials from reference sources have been properly acknowledged.

2.            I understand what plagiarism is and what penalties may be imposed on students found guilty of plagiarism.

3.            I certify that this paper contains no plagiarised material.

4.            I certify that this is my own work and that I did not receive any unfair assistance from others (including unauthorized collaboration) in its preparation.

5.            I certify that this paper has not previously been submitted either in its entirety or in part within the UWI system or to any other educational institution.

6.            In the case of group work:

a.            I certify that the individual work of each member of the group has been clearly indicated;

b.            that where no such indication has been given, I take the responsibility for the work as if it were the section of the paper for which I am solely responsible; and

c.             that I have not collaborated with any members of the group to breach the University’s regulations.

 
Signature: Catherina Subhasingh

Date: 21/04/2017