Chapter 14: Jueun, Sungjun, Seobin by Jueun Kwag https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx en-us 2022-08-18 12:56:07 UTC 2026-03-10 10:48:49 UTC hello@padlet.com The Wade-Davis plan (July 2, 1864) (Jueun) 22h20101 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264350817 - Lincoln's "one-tenth" plan didn't satisfied the Radical Republicans

(1) each Southern states should make a list of all its white men
(2) state couldn't be recognized until the majority of the people on that list agreed to support the Constitution

Lincoln refused to sign -> issued a new proclamation
- Any states should be allowed to choose between Lincoln's plan and Radicals' plan]]> 2022-08-18 13:00:06 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264350817 Radical Republicans (Jueun) 22h20101 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264362164 - wanted to punish white Southerners
- wanted to give slaves fair treatment

After war (different opinion with Lincoln)
- Southern states couldn't claim rights under the Constitution
- ruled by military governors
- treat Southern states as "conquered provinces"
- depend on their behavior, they get a chance to govern themselves and take part in government

2 Leaders
(1) Thaddeus Stevens (The House of Representatives)
(2) Charles Sumner (The Senate)]]> 2022-08-18 13:11:22 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264362164 Military Reconstruction (Choi sungjun) 22h20101 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264446883 - South was divided into 5 pieces, and Northern generals take care of each one. 

- Radicals were afraid to give liberty of vote or holding office, because the newly elected Southerns might be against them. 

- Stevens who considered economic over political power wanted to give rebel properties to black, but it didn't came to pass. ]]> 2022-08-18 14:32:03 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264446883 Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (Choi sungjun) 22h20101 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264448694 - Andrew Johnson enforced unwise laws(out of control of Radicals), which made the radicals turned against him. They passed 'Command of the Army Act' to take away power from president.

- Radicals were willing to oust Johnson, hoping him to violate even one law. 

- Tenure Office Act, act from Radicals that president can't fire any federal official without consent of Senate, touched Johnson's limit of patient. ]]> 2022-08-18 14:33:38 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264448694 Andrew Johnson (Seobin) 22h20108 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264465465 - New President (after Lincoln)

- he was vice president at the time of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination

-he wanted to quickly bring the seceded Southern states back into the Union

- no schooling Johnson life, wife Eliza taught him to write

- appointed governor of Tennessee 

- he clashed repeatedly with the Republican(controlled reconstruction)

- the first president to be impeached

]]> 2022-08-18 14:49:07 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264465465 The black codes (Seobin) 22h20108 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264488262 - first meetings of the new state government, they adopted “black codes”

- based on old slave codes

- restrict freedom of blacks -> marry, vote, job(agriculture, domestic service)]]> 2022-08-18 15:08:26 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264488262 The civil rights bill (Seobin) 22h20108 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264587455 - congress followed the [Freedmen’s Bureau bill] with this bill

- this bill was to protect blacks in the South
  •   prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin

- Moderates urged Johnson to accept this law -> Andrew Johnson vetoed the bill

- Republican members
  • joined the Radicals
  • passed the civil rights act over the presidents veto -> passed a new [Freedmen’s Bureau bill]

- examples of the civil rights bill
  1. the right to vote
  2. the right to a fair trial
  3. the right to government services 
  4. the right to a public education
  5. the right to use public facilities


]]> 2022-08-18 16:41:05 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264587455 Fourteenth amendment (Seobin) 22h20108 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264630466 - regulations for the purpose of ensuring the rights of black slaves and their descendants 

- repealed Dred Scott V. Sanford and drew up a new amendments

- it forbade any state from depriving citizens of their rights& privileges

- allow former slaves immediate US citizenship

- clear terms of North: if South accepted this amendment, they could enter the union

- the reaction of other states 
  • Tennessee: Reconstruction was largely over
  • Other states: followed Andrew Johnson’s lead and refused to adopt the amendment 
]]> 2022-08-18 17:26:01 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264630466 Scalawags, Carpet-baggers (Choi sungjun) 22h20111 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264728747 The new  reconstructed  government in south were consist of:

1. Scalawags: White Southerners
2. Carpet-baggers:  Northerner in the South after the American Civil War usually seeking private gain under the Reconstruction governments
3. Black]]> 2022-08-18 18:57:16 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264728747 KKK (Choi sungjun) 22h20111 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264743159 - Ku Klux Klan
- flogged, maimed, and killed blacks who tried to vote or to have same equal as whites

uniform
- pointed hat with white hood for hiding face
- long white or black coat

- There were more similar groups as Tennessee Pale Face, or   Red Jacket etc..]]> 2022-08-18 19:12:54 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2264743159 Military Reconstruction (Choi sungjun) 22h20111 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265073484 - Policy to make southern states to conquered provinces was passed, and white southerns were afraid that they might be ruled by blacks (rebellion). 

- All adult males could vote regardless of skin color

- Former leaders of Confederacy couldn't neither vote nor hold office.

- Their elections were under the new Military districts' surveillance]]> 2022-08-19 02:47:22 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265073484 Sharecropping (Choi sungjun) 22h20111 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265081326 a system where a tenant is granted access to property in exchange for a part of the crop produced there by the landlord or planter

Poor farmers were given access to tiny farming plots under a sharecropping agreement. They were compelled to offer the landowner shares—a percentage of the crop yield—instead of paying rent in cash.

Tenant farm families were frequently held heavily in debt due to high interest rates, erratic harvests, and dishonest landlords and merchants, necessitating carrying the obligation over to the following year or the next.

it increased the amount of debt that poor people owed the plantation owners.]]> 2022-08-19 02:55:36 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265081326 Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (Choi sungjun) 22h20111 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265082918 - He fired Secretary of War Stanton(enemy of Johnson) to test the act, but eventually it gave pretext to Radicals to impeach him.

- Only way to remove him was to impeach with vote of 2/3 from Senate. 

- 1868/03/30: Senator met to try impeachment on Johnson
- Johnson was clean, 'constitution man', so Radicals couldn't prove that he committed crime.

- 1868/03/16: Vote result: (guilty:35 / X guilty: 19), one vote less than 2/3 which made Johnson to remain as president.

- Dictatorship of Congress might have started if Johnson was removed.]]> 2022-08-19 02:57:24 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265082918 Jim Crow Law (Jueun) 22h20101 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265089007 - "seperate but equal"

- segregation law between black people and white people 

- meant to marginalize African Americans by denying them the right to vote, hold jobs, get an education or more other opportunities

- Those who attempted to oppose Jim Crow laws often faced arrest, fines, jail sentences, violence and death]]> 2022-08-19 03:03:51 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265089007 Fifteenth amendment (Seobin) 22h20108 https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265093733 - “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

- granted African American men the right to vote

-important
  • guarantee protection against racial discrimination in voting

- controversial: suffragists thought their rights were not as prioritized as the rights of African American

-  radical changes
  • African American sit in the congress (Hiram Rhodes Revels)

]]> 2022-08-19 03:07:34 UTC https://padlet.com/22h20101/y3hfhwmjtobhd7hx/wish/2265093733