https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm assignment en-us 2020-09-03 17:26:18 UTC 2025-12-15 17:30:27 UTC hello@padlet.com rowdyace https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm/wish/718819677 Traditional assumptions:

• 2 languages are separate of each other,
  • Dual Languages.
  • Any merger seen as “interference.”

• ... the perspective that views bilingualism as “dual” does not capture the dynamic language practices of bilingual, bidialectal, and multilingual people who draw from both systems simultaneously to produce a creative and cultural hybrid. (Ofelia García and Li Wei, 2014) (p. 138)

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Definition of translanguaging:

• Both langanuages of bilinguals should be seen as one extensive system,
• Bilinguals methodically select features from both to communicate effectively 

• Extension from “languaging,”
  • “refer to the simultaneous process of continuous becoming of ourselves and of our language practices, as we interact and make meaning in the world” (Garcia, Wei).
    • Bilingualism as dynamic use, not "negotiations between" languages. (p.138)

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Code Switching:

• The switching back and forth between grammar systems of different languages,
  • Within or outside utterances in discourse. (p. 139)

• Viewed as: phenomenon between 2 separate language systems.
  • Stigma: 2 languages should be used separately,
    • Code Switching views bilinguals “as two monolinguals in one.” (p.139)

]]> 2020-09-03 18:01:50 UTC https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm/wish/718957848 rowdyace https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm/wish/719432558 Examples of Stigma:
- “Spainlish”:
     - Viewed as: corruption of both Spanish and English. (p. 139)

- Research of Translanguaging and Code Switching,
     - Bilinguals move between languages with sophisticated rules and fluid creativity.
     -Does not indicate a linguistic deficit within either language.  (p.139)

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Middle ground?

• Majority of curriculums are designed around separation of both languages.
  • “Keeping the languages separate has been a “nonnegotiable” component of dual language programs for many years.” (p. 140)

• Suresh Canagarajah, 
  • scholar of English and applied linguistics at Pennsylvania State University.
    • Proposes translingual practices.
      • Umbrella term for various terms that show  “dynamic interactions between languages and communities”
      • Describes range of communicative modes in both text and talk. (p.140) 

]]> 2020-09-03 20:47:13 UTC https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm/wish/719460076 rowdyace https://padlet.com/rowdyace/y2m8vrh4hypl2ofm/wish/719503178

Separation is arbitrary, but stigma does exist.

• “… especially if the pedagogical goal is fluency in two separate languages, a point Canagarajah concedes.” (p. 140).
  • Translanguaging can still be insightful to teachers in these programs,
    • Through differentiation and UDLs,
      • teachers can help students “develop a critical attitude toward existing norms” as well as help them “communicate along, against, and beyond the dominant norms without disregarding them. . . . [I]t is possible to modify, appropriate, and renegotiate dominant norms as one adopts them” (p.140)

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