Takaki's History by Alisa Leckie https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz en-us 2022-09-06 21:48:51 UTC 2025-12-02 00:26:11 UTC hello@padlet.com The Abolishment of Slavery ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285394363 The 13th Amendment officially abolished slavery, but for many African Americans, they still needed to work for white land owners in order to secure a job, so they were still essentially enslaved and servants to them until the labor shortages.]]> 2022-09-06 22:07:37 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285394363 Zora Neale ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285398409 Her writing inspired tens of thousands of African Americans to migrate from southern areas to northern areas. In one of her pieces she wrote, "The tides and tongues said North, and men moved like the herds before the glaciers."]]> 2022-09-06 22:13:48 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285398409 Labor Shortages ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285401054 There was an increase in labor shortages in the north and many African Americans were able to jump at the movement because places who previously were not hiring blacks were now willing because of all the openings. However, there was a lot of tension between whites and blacks within the work force.]]> 2022-09-06 22:18:22 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285401054 Flight From Ireland https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285403002 2022-09-06 22:21:41 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285403002 Housing Denial ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285404226 In the 1900's, conflict arose surrounding housing for African Americans and the white community. The white community formed organizations telling real estate agents not to sell or rent homes to blacks. A leader of this movement declared that the districts that were currently white needed to remain white.]]> 2022-09-06 22:23:43 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285404226 Laws against the Chinese https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285405697 1790: Naturalization Act- limitations were put in place to exclude other races from becoming citizens
Miner's Tax: everyone who did not intend to become a U.S citizen had to pay $3 a month
1854: Court- Chinese were banned from providing evidence against white people in court
Chinese Exclusion Act: excluded Chinese coming into the U.S for 10 years (was renewed in 1892, then 1902, and then set indefinitely)
Interracial Marriage: marriage between a white person and someone of another race was banned in the state of California  


]]> 2022-09-06 22:26:25 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285405697 Events https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285406135 Fungus broke out attacking potatoes causing the Great Famine.
The Irish migrated to England to work ad were profiting from the sale of England's beef but were being pushed away and sent the common people back to be huddled in huts, sharing a single bed made of straw while living on a diet of potatoes. 
]]> 2022-09-06 22:27:04 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285406135 Richard Parker ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285408558 He set up a black union called "The American Unity Labor Union" which was supposed to be promoting African American interest, but he was actually being secretly paid by whites to pit black workers whites. This plan worked because when a white union called "Stockyards Labor Council" offered for blacks to come and work with them, they refused.]]> 2022-09-06 22:30:53 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285408558 Chin Gee Hee & Chin Lee https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285409056 Gee Hee arrived in the Washington territory in 1862, where he worked on a lumber mill. Soon after, he got his wife a job in the U.S working in the mill's cookhouse. In 1875, Chin Lee was born; he was believed to be the first Chinese-American born in Washington. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:31:44 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285409056 Key Points https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285409790 Texas - Many Anglos broke Mexican laws bringing slaves into Tejas and essentially colonizing it. This led to conflict, The Alamo, and a violent war in retaliation for Mexico for wanting to protect their land and culture.
California - While California was taken without much violence, war raged in the Southwest. After immense pressure from US soldiers, including civilian murder and rape, Mexico eventually sold the remaining disputed territories, leaving it less than half the size it once was.
Civil Strikes - Mexicans and Mexican Americans would take up lawsuits over their being stripped of their land in court, often losing, due to stacked Anglo courts, or incurring such steep fees that they would have to sell off their land anyway. 
Gold Mines - As the gold rush struck the Southwest, taxes and violence were imposed on non-whites, leaving them with little to no profit while Anglos would aggressively push them out of their territory.
Labor Strikes - After being stripped of their land and resources and pigeonholed into lower class physical labor roles, Mexicans and Mexican Americans worked together with other groups, particularly Japanese and Japanese Americans, to fight for better wages and benefits, namely in mining and agriculture.]]> 2022-09-06 22:32:49 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285409790 Social Context https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285410857 Marriage rates declined. Thousands of women were shut out of Ireland's economy. 
Women who did not have dowries could move to America in hopes of finding a husband. 
Women's rights were very slim causing them to want to move elsewhere where they had more of an opportunity. 
Women came over to find jobs, especially as maids. 
]]> 2022-09-06 22:34:45 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285410857 Mexican Territory https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285411071 2022-09-06 22:35:10 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285411071 Mexican Slaughter https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285411910 2022-09-06 22:36:32 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285411910 Carving Out of Mexican Territory https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285414639 2022-09-06 22:41:27 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285414639 People https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415143 More than half of Irish immigrants were women. By 1867 Irish women outnumbered Irish men in New York City. 117,000 to 87,000.

Crispins were workers in the union called the Knights of St. Crispin. This group quickly became the country's largest labor organization. This group demanded higher pay and workday of only eight hours. 

]]> 2022-09-06 22:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415143 Central Pacific Railroad https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415191 Around 1866, workers (White and Chinese) were working on the Central Pacific Railroad. Whites began to complain about the amount of Chinese workers there were and complained to their superintendent, Charles Crocker. Crocker said he would be forced to fire Whites and hire more Chinese if they could not get along. When the Chinese went to Crocker and complained about getting the same wage as Whites, Crocker sent them to the mountains and cut off their supply. This only lasted one week until they came back with no wage change. The railroad was completed in 1869 and was thought to the "Chinese Achievement." ]]> 2022-09-06 22:42:26 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415191 Cesar Chavez https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415565 2022-09-06 22:43:11 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415565 The Great Depression Effects on the Black Community ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415925 During the Great Depression, the blacks were the first to be fired when times got tough. It left them unable to afford basic necessities such as groceries and housing. Federal aid programs were put in place to help support them, but it led to a crisis which debated the future of black Americans. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:43:58 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285415925 Politics/Law https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285417405 By 1890, Irish captured most of the Democratic Party organizations in Northern cities. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:46:57 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285417405 Chinese Women in America https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285419302 Women did not originally come to America because their husbands were supposed to only come work temporarily. Chinese tradition and culture limited the possibilities of migration for these women. They were to be obedient to their fathers, husbands, and sons. In 1852, there were roughly 12,000 Chinese in America, with SEVEN of them being women. Many women who did come to the U.S were forced to serve as prostitutes. Some became addicted to opium and died from abuse of disease. Women had to pay their way out of prostitution. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:50:11 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285419302 Hammond Connections with the Text ew10269 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285420216 2022-09-06 22:51:44 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285420216 Connection to Hammond text https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285421026 We made a connection with our chapter "Flight from Ireland" to the concept called "Fight or Flight" in the Hammond text. The Irish immigrants were not receiving fair treatment from their home country so they had to make a choice to fight for a better life for a better life for themselves. The instant decision to immigrant to different places was a result of them having to fight for the life that they wanted and dreamed of. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:53:14 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285421026 Connection to Hammond https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285425316 Hammond talks about mental schemas, referring to the way a culture continues to view their beliefs, even when geography changes. We can see this in relation to the Chinese in California, with women in particular. Women were to be obedient to the men in their life and this carried with them from China to America. ]]> 2022-09-06 22:59:31 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2285425316 Japanese Americans: A Hole in the Constitution ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293350211
  • Fear derived from the Pearl Harbor attack (Dec. 7, 1941) led to widespread racism and suspicion of Japanese Americans by other U.S. Citizens. While the U.S. was fighting Japan, Germany, and Italy, the U.S. government - led by Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) and backed by Lt. General John L. DeWitt- deemed citizens of Japanese descent were the biggest threat.
  • About 120,000 Japanese and Japanese Americans were arrested and forcibly held in internment camps.
  • American-born men could escape the internment camps by enlisting, something many did willingly, serving with valor and earning many decorations. None of this saved them from racism and derision from the American people when they returned home after the war. Many never recovered their homes, possessions, or livelihoods.

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:18:29 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293350211     African Americans: Racism in the Armed Forces ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293353603
  • The U.S. armed forces remained segregated for the entirety of WWII. The 900,000 Black men and women who served were forced into completing the jobs their White counterparts didn’t want, with little thanks, and even less protection.
  • Back home, more and more Black men and women were entering the workforce as well, in more labor and defense jobs than ever. Those who did faced racism and hate crimes.

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:20:54 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293353603     Chinese Americans: An Explosion of Patriotism ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293358897
  • “One soldier recalled, ‘In the 1940s for the first time Chinese were accepted by Americans as being friends, because at that time, Chinese and Americans were fighting against the Japanese and the Germans and the Nazis. Therefore, all of a sudden, we became part of an American Dream.’” (p. 282)
  • Many Chinese Americans were thrilled to fight and serve in the Armed Forces, and serve at home in labor and defense jobs.
  • Congress repealed the Chinese Exclusion Act during this time, instead setting an immigration quota, and allowing many to become naturalized citizens.

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:24:30 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293358897     Mexican Americans: Up from the Barrio ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293361042
  • Many Mexican Americans joined the defense industry over the course of the war, with many Mexican American women becoming riveters and working assembly lines with the men off overseas. 
  • 500,000 Mexican Americans enlisted during the war, a number Takaki refers to as a sign of their patriotism. 
  • Braceros by the thousands entered the country form Mexico to work as farm labor, a program headed by the U.S. government to meet the needs of the country.

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:26:00 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293361042     Native Americans: Why Fight the White Man's War? ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293367351
  • Despite long-held tensions between Natives and the American government, many Native Americans - specifically, the Navajo people - enlisted to fight in the war. The main reasons for enlistment here appeared to be patriotism, pride, and poverty.
  • The Navajo language is a particularly difficult one, with unheard sounds and complex verb tenses known (generally) only to those raised speaking it. Because of its complexity, the Navajo language was prized during the war as an ‘unbreakable code’, which led to the work of the Navajo Code Talkers. 
  • Despite their tremendous contributions to the war effort, most Native men returned home to continued poverty and difficult relations with the government. 

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:30:27 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293367351     Jewish Americans: Facing Genocide ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293369105
  • With tensions brewing overseas, Jewish Americans were forced to decide how to respond at home. Unfortunately, a majority of American citizens - including some Jewish Americans at the time - decided not to relax the immigration policies of the time. Though this was before we became aware of the brewing plans for genocide, this had dire consequences for many Jewish refugees fleeing Germany. One such ship, the St. Louis, was turned away from American shores, and many of its passengers later died in Auschwitz and other death camps.

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293369105     A Holocaust Called Hiroshima ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293370282
  • Anti-Japanese sentiment after Hiroshima led to the common sentiment of the Japanese being a subhuman, bestial people, shown strongly in visual propaganda. The president towards the end of the war, President Truman, appeared to share this sentiment in his journals. Truman is the one who authorized the dropping of the only two atomic bombs ever used in warfare, following the denial of unconditional surrender from Japan. These bombings are generally referred to as what ended the war, and hundreds of thousands of people were instantly killed in their blasts, with consequences that held for generations. 

    • ]]>     2022-09-13 01:32:38 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293370282     Connections ob01410 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293374187 2022-09-13 01:35:44 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2293374187 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294468475 The 1890's: The end of the frontier (1891)]]> 2022-09-13 14:49:29 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294468475 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294474008 2022-09-13 14:51:58 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294474008 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294478179 2022-09-13 14:54:01 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294478179 The Massacre at Wounded Knee https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294483694 2022-09-13 14:56:41 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294483694 Custer and the Frontier https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294489337 2022-09-13 14:59:16 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294489337 The Reservation System https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294504081 Francis A. Walker encouraged that the Indians be placed on reservations.
    "The long term goal...was to help the Native American people assimilate" (Takaki).
    "A program of education and work would turn the former wanderers into settled laborers" (Takaki).
    "...be prepared to enter civilized society" (Takaki).]]>     2022-09-13 15:05:41 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294504081     The Dawes Act https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294508595 "The Dawes Act reversed Walker's Peace Policy"(Takaki).]]> 2022-09-13 15:07:53 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294508595 The Navajo Indians https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294522906 The Navajo Indians thrived on the livestock that they owned.
    Their herds were decreased and their way of life was forever altered because of the Indian Reorganization Act by John Collier/ also influenced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1934).]]>     2022-09-13 15:14:28 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294522906     Connection to Hammond https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294836356 2022-09-13 17:36:49 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2294836356 Social Context jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295052666 Senator Henry Dawes believed that in order for Native Americans to be civilized, the tribal system had to be destroyed. "Owning communal land led to savage habits and laziness" (174).]]> 2022-09-13 19:26:42 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295052666 Ghost Dance jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295062719 In 1889, Wovoka of the Paiute tribe emerged from the shores of Pyramid Lake in Nevada. He called on Natives to perform the Ghost Dance where the dance would bring the return of Native ways, the restoration of the buffalo, and regain control of former lands.]]> 2022-09-13 19:34:39 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295062719 Connection to Hammond Text jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295081258 When reading about Native Americans and comparing to the Hammond text, implicit bias and sociopolitical context come into play. When reading about the mistreatment of Native Americans, there were social, economic and political domains placed against them. Natives were murdered through battles, had the homes taken away with laws and acts, and were deemed "wild and crazy" (Takaki, 169) because they were performing the Ghost Dance. With implicit bias, reformers and government officials wanted Natives to assimilate because Natives were different than the people in government office. If reformers and government officials did not implicit bias, then more Natives could be around and would not have had there homes taken.]]> 2022-09-13 19:49:34 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295081258 Quotes jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295089659 -"Dead and wounded women and children and little babies were scattered all along there where they had been trying to run away [Black Elk said after the Massacre at Wounded Knew] (Takaki, 170).
    -"By 1933, the Native American peoples of the United States had lost 60 percent of the 138 million acres they had owned at the time of the Dawes Act. The policy of allotment had been turning the [Natives] into a landless people" (Takaki, 176-177).]]>     2022-09-13 19:56:18 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295089659     Black Elk jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295091103 2022-09-13 19:57:36 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295091103 Chief Lone Wolf jm54279 https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295092827 2022-09-13 19:58:48 UTC https://padlet.com/aleckie1/y0qx1cs2xuh8ybzz/wish/2295092827