https://padlet.com/alexle5293/y04p12vd4id6 Made with a dash of wit en-us 2016-11-29 15:24:53 UTC 2016-12-12 15:54:24 UTC hello@padlet.com alexle5293 https://padlet.com/alexle5293/y04p12vd4id6/wish/140530142 proactive 
old interferes with new 
retroactive 
new interferes with old 
decay theory
memory degrades with time
interfernece theory
one memory competes with another
reconstuction
LTM changes over time
eye witness testimory, not reliable
Elizabeth loftus
Schema 
Mental script, use the past
Cues 
-recognition 
you can choose the answer
-recall 
have to find answer on your own 
-Serial position effect
Mood congruent memory 
language theories 
-Benjamin Worf
Linguistic Relativity
language determines the way we thing
snow and Eskimos 
-BF Skinner 
language is learned through association and reinforcement
praise for speaking
-Chomsky
Learn and speak language used in the environment 
Language Stages
-babbling stage 
3-4 months old 
spontaneous utterance
goo goo, ahh
-one word stage
1-2 years old 
use one word to convey meaning
-two word stage/ telegraphic speech
2 1/2 years old 
Units of language
Phonemes
-smallest units of language
letters and their sounds
change phoneme change meaning
Cat; c-a-t, b-a-t
7 Tips for Memory IMprovement
1. pay attention and reduce interference
2. Use rehearsal techniques
3.organization
4. counteract serical postition effect
5. time management
6. employ self-monitoring and overlearning
7. use mnemonic devices ]]> 2016-11-29 15:25:41 UTC https://padlet.com/alexle5293/y04p12vd4id6/wish/140530142 alexle5293 https://padlet.com/alexle5293/y04p12vd4id6/wish/143153298 Development of concepts 
Concepts tend to be mentally represented as schemas or generalizations developed about categories of objects events and people. 
Problem solving
Algorithms: Methodical =, logical rule, or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem 
Heuristics: Are simple thinking strategies that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently 
They enhance likelihood of failure
Insights: insight involves sudden novel realization of a solution to a problem
 Often need some prior experience and initial trial and error to gain insight
Obstacles in solving problems
Fixation inability to see a problem from a from perspective impediment to problem solving
Mental set: tendency for old patterns of problem solving to persist and makes it impossible for us to see a new way to solve a problem
Functional fixedness: tendency to think of the only familiar functions objects 
Confirmation bias: a tendency to search for information that confirms a personal bias 
We seek evidence to support ideas and tend to dismiss evidence that is contrary to our way of thinking 
They can have a bias in judgement
Representativeness heuristic: judging the likelihood of things or objects in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match a particular prototype it allows people to make quick judgments 
Availability Heuristic: cognitive shortcut in which the probability of an event is determined by how easily the event can be brought to mind
Overconfidence: a tendency to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs and judgments 
Exaggerated fear: 9/11= less flying traffic
Framing decisions: how an issue is presented can significantly affect decisions and judgments
Posing same issue in two different ways 75% lean meat or 25% fat
Confirmation Bias: the tendency for one's preexisting belief to distort logical reasoning sometimes by making invalid conclusions
Belief Perseverance: our tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence.
People are only going say things that confirm their beliefs 

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