The Cold War by

Yalta Conference

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A meeting held between US President FDR, UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin after World War II to discuss the reorganization of Germany and Europe.

United Nations

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An international organization meant to maintain international peace and security, achieve international cooperation, and organize the actions of nations.

Satellite Nations

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Countries that are formally independent but under heavy influence of another nation

Containment

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United States Strategy of foreign policy during the Cold War to prevent the spread of communism instead of fighting it head on.

"Iron Curtain"

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Political metaphor used to describe the political boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas of the East and West

Truman Doctrine

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An American foreign policy with the primary goal of preventing the growth of Communism through Europe by sending aid to struggling nations.

Marshall Plan

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Proposed that the United States should provide assistance to rebuild the economy of Europe after WWII.

Berlin Airlift

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The Western allies used an airline to supply the people of western Berlin with supplies when the Soviets kept them enclosed and separated.

Berlin Wall

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A heavily guarded concrete barrier that encircled West Berlin from 1961 to 1989, separating it from East Berlin and the German Democratic Republic.

NATO

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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization focused on defense and protection of its members from threats from the Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact

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Collective defense treaty between the Soviet Union and seven other Soviet satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe

Korean War

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War between North and south Korea. The US entered to prevent a North Korean victory.

38th Parallel

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A line that roughly marks the separation of North and South Korea.

DMZ

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A heavily guarded barrier that marks the separation between north and south Korea

HUAC

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House Un-American Activities Committee established to investigate alleged disloyalty and rebel activities and people suspected of having Communist ties

Red Scare

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A period where the fear of communism spread throughout the US and people were increasingly suspicious of their neighbors and others in their communities

The Rosenbergs

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American married couple convicted and executed for spying for the Soviet Union despite a lack of evidence.

McCarthyism

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The political practice of publicizing accusations of disloyalty or subversion with insufficient regard to evidence popularized by Joseph McCarthy

H-Bomb

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Hydrogen bomb. A massive nuclear weapon that would use Nuclear fusion to cause massive amounts of destruction

Dwight D. Eisenhower

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34th US president who built up a stockpile of nuclear weapons and nuclear delivery systems

CIA

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Central Intelligence Agency. A secret service established by Harry S. Truman in response to growing tensions with the USSR

Nikita Khrushchev

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Soviet leader after the death of Stalin during the Cold war

Sputnik

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The first artificial Earth satellite launched by the Soviet Union in October 1957

Baby Boom

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From 1955-64. Massive amount of babies born after WWII

John F. Kennedy

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The 35th US president in office during the Cuban missile crisis

Fidel Castro

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Communist leader of Cuba during the Cold war

Bay Of Pigs

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An American failed military landing operation on the coast of Cuba by consisting of Cuban exiles with the intention of assassinating Fidel Castro

Cuban Missile Crisis

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13-day confrontation where the US and the USSR placed nuclear missiles in Turkey and Cuba respectively

Lyndon B. Johnson

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36th president of the US after the assassination of John F. Kennedy who is responsible for the escalation of the war in Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh

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Vietnamese communist prime minister of Vietnam during the Vietnam war.

Domino Theory

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The idea that if 1 small Asian country fell to communism, nearby nations would follow

Geneva Accords

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Conference intended to settle outstanding issues resulting from the Korean War and to establish a border between North and South Korea

Ngo Dinh Diem

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Vietnamese prime minister near the start of America's conflict with Vietnam who was anti-communist

Vietcong

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A Communist South Vietnamese guerrilla force that fought against South Vietnam and the United States during the Vietnam war

Ho Chi Minh Trail

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Network of roads and trails that ran from North Vietnam to South Vietnam through Laos and Cambodia

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

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Joint resolution that the United States Congress passed on August 7, 1964, in response to the Gulf of Tonkin incident with the supposed sinking of the USS Maddox

Napalm & Agent Orange

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Extremely destructive and dangerous chemical weapons used in Vietnam

Draft

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A random lottery that selected eligible young men to join the military.

TET Offensive

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One of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. A lot of the brutality was shown on TV and it marked a turning point for the American perception of the military.

Richard Nixon

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37th US President who was in office at the end of the Space race and the Vietnam War

Vietnamization

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US policy of withdrawing troops and transferring the war effort to the government of South Vietnam.

My Lai

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A war crime committed by United States Army on 16 March 1968, with the mass murder of unarmed civilians in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.

Kent State

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Students at Kent state, in protest of the Vietnam war, burned down an army recruitment building which resulted in the killing of four and wounding of nine unarmed students

Pentagon Papers

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Leaked Confidential documents that revealed that on top of the fighting in Vietnam, the US military was also bombing the neighboring nations of Laos and Cambodia

War Powers Act

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Federal law to limit the military power of the president outside of times of National emergency