The outer core is a liquid layer made up of iron and nickel

I know that the Earth is made up of multiple layers, including;

The Crust - The crust is the surface of the Earth, or the outermost layer, it is the thinnest layer of the Earth. The crust's temperature is possibly around 22 Celsius, or 71 degrees Fahrenheit. Though, the temperature increases further down. The crust is solid, the oceanic crust consists of Fe, O, Si, Mg, and Al.

The Mantle - Now the mantle is located between the crust and the outer core, and it is the largest layer. The mantle's temperature is potentially around 230 Celsius or even a big jump with 1, 400 Celsius, but who truly knows? Now the mantle is in the state of liquid AND solid, it consists of Fe, O, Si, Mg, Ai. And, the mantle contains convection currents.

(Convection currents are movements within Earth's mantle. Think of a lava lamp, if not plugged in, it remains cool. But, once the lamp is plugged in, it begins to heat up which leads to the cooler substances heating and rising. Convection currents in Earth's mantle happen because hot rock rises, heated by Earth's core. Moving in two different directions, going sideways, it begins to lose heat eventually the much cooler, less denser, rock sinks back down).

The Outer Core - The Outer core is the fluid layer above the inner core. The motion of the liquid creates the Earth's magnetic field. The outer core consists of Fe, Ni, S, O. And its temperature could be around 4, 000 - 6, 000 Celsius, or 7, 000 - 10, 000 Fahrenheit.

And last but not least, The Inner Core - The inner core is the middle of the Earth, made up of solid components. The inner core consists of Fe, Ni. It is also the HOTTEST layer, its temperature could be around 5, 000 - 6, 000 Celsius, or 9, 000 - 10, 000 Fahrenheit.

As a plus, we have conduction.

(Conduction is thermal transfer. Like having a hot cup of tea or a boiling pot of water. Adding a cold spoon to either causes the heat from the already heated liquid to transfer to the spoon. Even electricity is transmitted). Now granted, I may know a bit more than that, but my hands hurt and so does my brain.

I would like to know how exactly Earth became..well, Earth?

How did Earth begin? Just a floating rock? Why are some layers survivable but others not so much?

I have learned a plethora of things in science, especially Earth science. I have learned how convection currents are like lava lamps or how density affects cold water and hot water.

I've learned about conduction and how heat transfers to something in short timing.

I've even had the pleasure of learning about fossils and the age-old mammals that once roamed. I've learned a lot, from rocks to liquid, from Earth's surface to deep within the water.

The Mariana Trench is a convergent plate boundary. The Mariana Trench is actually really old, with some of the oldest seafloor. There is mud at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, made up of certain sediments.