the condition and surroungings in which we live is its environment

an organism is anything with a life such as humans horses fishes plants fungi and bacteria

a fish cannot survive without water

the environment is our natural world

the environment has a non living and living part

atmosphere is a layer of nitrogen oxygen carbon dioxide and other gases

hydrosphere

• You are to select an Environment in school

• Suggest why that environment is important to you

• Also include how this environment can be disrupted / destroyed

• Suggest one way in which you can ensure this environment can be protected

  
  

.the cms is important to me because it is a place where i can relax and study with my friends.

this environment can be disrupted as there are construction going on and students will be noisy.

.not have constructions during school hours and tell students not to make noise near the cms.

. attention restoration theory - being in nature offers people rest and recovery from consistent information processing.

stress reduction theory - posits that people health and moods will improve from being in a natural environment.

. living organism

.well being

.trees lower air temperature by providing shade

restore the natural habitats providing a healthy environment for species to thrive

Reflection: i feel that someone should check on the playground once a while to make sure that nothing is damaged and that kids will not get hurt.

. a region's boundary is where the sphere of influence is absent

. eg town council service, look after common areas in public housing and commercial property within the town

a facility that should be included in my neighbourhood is solar panels so we can have renewable energy that can be naturally replenished from the sun. it also emits little to no greenhouse gases or pollutants into the air.

400 to 800 residential unit

-facilities are close serving everyday needs

-facilities are spread out

-to enhance convenience and accessibility

. neighbourhood

-4000 to 6000 residents

-towns neighbourhoods surrounds the town centre

-each town has a wide range of facilities and features that enhance residents convenience and needs facilities can complement each other

- one way to achieve economic sustainability is to ensure a neighbourhood has a high enough density.

-this helps to support local business and keep transport and infrastructure cost low.

- high population density in urban neighbourhood-> economic sustainability

1. able to sustain themselves as there will be sufficient demand for their goods and services.

2. Residents can also take up employment at these shops, earning income and increasing their standard of living

3.buildings and objects are usually located close to one another. Residents often need not travel far, keeping their transportation expenditure low.

4.Transport infrastructure located closer to one another.

Thus, connecting infrastructures need not be built or built over long distances.

transportation costs for residents are lowered.

possible issue

• One possible issue on the eco link could be its effectiveness in facilitating wildlife movement. there might be challenges in ensuring that animals actually use the bridge

Question 1(i) - Using Photograph B and Fig. 1, describe and explain the spatial associations that enhances everyday living. [4]

• describe what you see in the photograph

• Explain (Exp) how these spatial associations (SA) can benefit you

• Exp how these SA can benefit the businesses

Question 1(ii) - ii) Suggest reasons why town centres as shown in Photograph B attract visitors from other towns. [3]

Using Fig. 3, describe the differences between precinct 1 and precinct 2. [4]

• How environment positively impacts humas:

  -Therapeutic gardens

  . provide therapy to humans

  . can release stress and help us to keep calm.

• 3 theories of therapeutic gardens:

  1.Biophilia Hypothesis:

  -suggests that humans have an innate tendency to seek connection with nature and other forms of life.

  2.Attention Restoration Theory (ART):

  -Being in nature offers people rest and recovery from constant information processing.

  3.Stress Reduction Theory (SRT):

  -Posits that people's health and moods will improve from being in a natural environment.

  -Helps to regulate good moods and healthy lifestyle.

  • How do people depend on nature:

    -Survival: essentials like air and water

    -Living organisms like bees help pollinate crops and produce a continuous supply of food.

    -Maintain their physical and mental well-being: recreation or leisure activities.

  • How does nature depend on people:

    -Investing efforts to ensure that the plants and animals living there thrive-sustainability-Sustaining Ecosystem

    -E.g. Nparks organises a range of activities for schools during the week of international day for biodiversity in May. (E.g. Green Wave campaign).

  • Benefits enjoyed by people and nature:

    • Lowering air temperature:

    1.Vegetation cools the surroundings air thru evapotranspiration.

    2.Trees lower air temperature by providing shade.

  • Removal of pollutants (to improve the health of people and the environment):

    1.Vegetations absorb air pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.

    2.Small particles in the air are intercepted by leaves, which are washed to the ground when it rains.

    3.During photosynthesis, vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.

    4. (How wetland plants remove sediments) Wetland plants can trap suspended materials and pollutants, and absorb excess nutrients in the water, thus, improving water quality.

  • (a) Local communities can collectively raise awareness about value of nature areas, encouraging positive behaviour that does not damage nature.

  • Local communities can contribute to the protection of Singapore's nature areas.

  • (b) Local communities can also organise or participate in conservation efforts:

    -clean-up programmes, remove pollutants from the environment, and restore natural habitats.

    -to restore the natural habitats, providing a healthy environment for species to thrive.

    -Clean-up programmes organised by the Waterways Watch Society.

  • Summary:

    -Nature benefits people:

    (a)nature areas lower temperatures.

    (b)remove pollutants.

    (c)provide space for recreation.

    -People benefit nature:

    (a)community activities promote the importance of environmental protection.

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • Mutual relationship:

    -The parties involved can bring about benefits to each other.

    -Local communities and nearby nature areas also mutually affect each other.

    -As nature and local communities are brought closer to each other, it is crucial that we maximise the benefits through harmonious coexistence.

  • Relationship between people and nature:

    (a) local communities and nearby nature areas are dependent upon each other.

    (b) local communities and nearby nature areas mutually affect each other.

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • (a) Disadvantages to nature by people:

    -Soil erosion

    -Damage vegetation

    -Worsen pollution and disturb wildlife

  • Soil erosion:

    -Due to trampling and damaging of vegetation, to excessive trampling of topsoil, increases soil compaction on non-designated trails, affecting their (the plants) growth.

    -Compacted soil can cause changes in water flow. While loose and not compact soil can let water infiltrate(infiltration), compacted soil can lead to surface runoff of water.