Muhammad preached Islam at Makkah and Madinah in Arabia for about 23 years, while he received revelation of the Qu'ran, according to Islamic teachings. He preached publicly for the first 10 years and he preached privately in his own house until his death in 632 C.E.

The lowest class of people began to convert first. Men and Women moved to Muslim cities to look for jobs. These people learned more about the Islam faith which made them convert and expand the Muslim population. During Umayyad Caliphate the overwhelming population of the Non-Arab population of the Muslim Empire did not practice Islam.

Berbers created an independent caliphate which broke up the political unity of Islam. In Persia this revolution replaced the Umayyad with the Abbasid dynasty. After this the rates of conversion climbed more rapidly in lands under Muslim rule.

After the decline of the Muslim Empire, Islam gradually spread to lands outside the boundaries of Muslim rule. After 1071, Anatolia was conquered by Turkish animal-herding groups that were Muslim. After Anatolia (modern day Turkey) was conquered Islam spread to other countries gradually for centuries.

1040- Muslims had spread into Senegal territory, and from there, Muslims established the kingdom of Mali in the 13th century and then the Songhai empire (1465-1600)

1100- Lake Chad became Muslim

1500- Islam was established across a east-west belt to the South of the Sahara. Islam didn't become a majority faith until the 19th century.

14th century- Dues to Christian rule becoming weakened and the immigration of Muslim Arab pastoral groups, Nubia became a Muslim area.