Determines the identity of nucleic acids.

solid at room temperature and consists of single bonds (Example. Butter)

Less flexibility saturated fats

Liquid at room temperature and consists of multiple double bonds known to be polyunsaturated (For example. Oils and waxes)

Transconfomation never occurs within double bonds

More flexibility in unsaturated fats and an increase in solubility

Within a cll each polymer has a specific job

Polymers fold up

If you loose the structure you loose the function

If you change the structure you change the function

Type of unsaturated fats that provides energy but is not healthy for the body as it can increase the risk of heart disease

Lowers solubility

Van der Waals interactions help lipids stay packed together so that water stays out.

Give our bodies lots of nutritional value as they have many benefits on our heart, blood regulation, cholesterol levels, muscles, brain function, and more.

These are types of fatty acids that our bodies cannot produce, so we have to consume them from the foods we eat.

These fatty acids are very good for our health as they reduce the risk of heart disease.

omega-3 foods: Salmon, leafy greens, walnuts, chia seeds, etc

Made from many fatty acids and one glycerol molecule

Simple Triglycerides: made from one fatty acid

Mixed Triglycerides: made from multiple fatty acids that do not match each other

A lipid that is made up of two fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a glycerol molecule

The main part of a cell membrane

Can form bilayers in water environments (aqueous)

When forming phospholipid bilayers, lipids consist of a polar head group that looks to seek water( hydrophilic) and a nonpolar tail that avoids water (hydrophobic)

The hydrophilic polar head groups face both outside and inside the water towards the cell, while the hydrophobic non-polar tails face away from the water and both contribute to the formation of the structure. 

Polar head group loves water (hydrophilic)

Phosphate group hates water (hydrophobic)

How vesicles are formed: The ends of the bilayers are enclosed due to hydrophobic tails, making the ends unstable because the tails are always moving away from the water.

Interphase

The beginning of cell division.

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Cells divide and two daughter cells are created.

Interphase

Cell Growth and Chromosome Replication

Interphase

Chromosome segregation begins.

Polymers of amino acids

Each amino acid has a job

When one part of a chromosome gets stuck to a part of another chromosome.

Regulates gene expression

Serves as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes.

Amphiphilic

Size, structure and stability differs

Proteins are made of many amino acids

a reversible process that creates polymers

molecules are able to be built up and then broken up again

L and D amino acids

Proteins interact and use L amino acids only

Greek yogurt, scrambled eggs, almonds, grilled chicken, etc