• What it is 

The way that advantageous genetic variation will be passed on to the next generations, because the traits are favorable for the survival of the species 

• How it leads to natural selection 

 If a trait is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce, the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation, which can lead to the population becoming a whole new species 

• Why is there favorable variation increase in the population over time 

To increase the survival rate of species, as they can further adapt to the environment, additionally the variation will continue to compliment the population/species as they increase 

• Examples 

Eye color, blood type, camouflage (in case of animals), leaf modification on plants. 

What it is 

when species reproduce many more offspring than can possibly survive.

How it leads to natural selection 

It can lead to adaptation and variation in a species.

Why is there overproduction 

The species produce more babies than resource’s available 

Examples 

Sea turtles can lay anywhere from 70 to 190 eggs at a time, though only about one out of 100 typically survive.

• Why does variation in the population exist? 

Genetic variation can be caused by mutation, that is connected with the creation of entirely new alleles in a population. Another example is random mating and random fertilization. Additionally the recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, relating with the restructuring of alleles within an organism's offspring. 

• How does it lead to natural selection? 

Genetic variations lead to natural selection, with the altered gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism. If the characteristic is advantageous and helps the individual survive and reproduce; the genetic variation is more likely to be passed to the next generation over time, correlating the process of natural selection. As time passes by, the generations of individuals with the trait continue to reproduce and make it common. Now the population starts becoming different from their ancestors. Sometimes the population becomes so different that it is considered a new species.

• Examples: 

A person's skin color, hair color, dimples, freckles, and blood type are all examples of genetic variations that can occur in a human population. Examples of genetic variation in plants include the modified leaves of carnivorous plants and the development of flowers that resemble insects to lure plant pollinators.

• What is it?

Genetic variation is a term used to describe the variation in the DNA sequence in each of our genomes. Genetic variation makes us all unique, whether in terms of hair color, skin color, or even the shape of our faces. Individuals of a species have similar characteristics but they are rarely identical, this difference is called variation.

• How does it work? 

One of the reasons why genetic variation occurs is because of a sudden mutation in a species gene. Another reason for this is a normal process in which genetic material is rearranged as a cell is getting ready to divide( this is called genetic recombination). 

Its how animals, plants, and other living organisms manage to successfully survive changes to their environment or fail and die out.

How it leads to natural selection

It leads competition for limited resources results in differential survival. Individuals with more favorable phenotypes are more likely to survive and produce more offspring, thus passing traits to subsequent generations.

Reasons

Shifting environmental conditions. The natural factors can influence the survival of groups of organisms. The distribution of populations of organisms change constantly.

Until the 18 century the White moth was the most commonly found. But after the Industrial Revolution happened the emissions of black coal pollution, so the sky was seen in a dark color. Meaning that was more favorable to the moths to change their colors to dark black. So they could have better chances of survival and be able to camouflage better, and not be eaten by their predators. That is why genetic variation is important for the individuals survival, because makes the availability to the population to evolve in good circumstances for the long chance of life.