Hoxe en día, o caucho é amplamente utilizado na fabricación de pneumáticos e artículos impermeables e aillantes.

Rubber is a substance  harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the rubber tree or other kind of plants. It can also be produced synthetically. This material has been used since many years ago in Central and South America by  pre-Columbian civilizations as vessels, shoe soles and strips to hold handles.

Nowadays, rubber is a very common material used in the fabrication of tires, waterproof items or insulators.

 

Polyurethane is a recyclable plastic material commonly formed by a chemical reaction that can be presented in many different ways because of its great versatility. It can be fabricated to be rigid and flexible. Its one of the most used materials for fridge insulators, matresses, adhesives, shoe soles, sportswear…

Dependendo do tipo de polimerización, o polietileno pode ser de alta densidade ou de baixa densidade. O primeiro caracterízase por ser un termoplástico empregado para levar a cabo a creación de envases plásticos. Por outro lado, o polietileno de baixa densidade emprégase para dárlle forma a moitos obxectos (xoguetes, botellas, tuberías…) e é reciclable.

Polyethylene is a synthetyc polymer obtained by the polymerization of a compound known as ethylene. It’s used for producing a big number of products such as containers, cables, plastic bags, etc.

Depending on the polymerization, there are two tipes of polyethylene: high density polyethylene or low-density polyethylene. The first one is a thermoplastic material used for creating plastic containers. In the other hand, low density polyethylene is used for toys, bottles, pipelines, etc. It is also recyclable.

Co paso do tempo, o termo celofán empregouse para denominar diversas películas plásticas, aínda que xa non estean feitas de celofán.

Cellophane is a thin, flexible, transparent sheet mostly used for packing objects and preserving them from humidity. Its manufacture process consists in dissolving wood fibers, cotton or hemp to obtain a viscous solution that will be extruded and submerged in acid, finally obtaining cellulose.

Over the years the word Cellophane has been used to name many other plastic films, even though they’re not made of cellophane.

Este tipo de produción presenta unha alta productividade e é o máis importante para a obtención de formas plásticas.

 

Plastic's extrusion process is a mechanical, industrial process consisting on shaping a thermoplastic material that passes through a tube thanks to a continuous flow and pression, gaining an specific form. This process is commonly used for producing plastic films, tubes, plastic bags, plastic sheets, etc.

This type of production is the most important for producing plastic elements.

Blow molding process is used for fabricating hollow plastic pieces thanks to the material’s expansion. In this process, the material is heated and introduced in a mould. After that, compressed air will be added in order to make the plastic stick onto the mould and gain the mold’s shape. Objects made in this process are plastic bottles and jars.

No proceso xeral de endurecemento do formigón preséntase un estado de fraguado inicial no que a mestura perde a súa elasticidade. Denomínase fraguado final ao estado que alcanza un nivel de consistencia considerable.

The setting process consists on taking away the elasticity and hardening of concrete. This process occurs in furnances or forges where the material is heated for its shape changing. In the general concrete hardener process there is an initial setting process where the mixture looses it elasticity.

Este tipo de tecidos foron elaborados por primeira vez na antiga China, ao redor do 3000 a. C. Considerábase un produto de luxo moi apreciado polos comerciantes debido ao seu brillo e textura, aínda que agora o seu uso céntrase na fabricación de pezas de roupa normais como camisas, blusas, pixamas e incluso roupa interior.

Silk is a natural fiber composed of proteins of different kind of arthropods or insects. Nowadays we only use butterfly Bobix mori's silk for industrial textile production. Silk is one of the strongest natural fibers even though its strength can be reduced almost a 20% when wet. 
These kind of fabrics were elaborated many years ago in Ancient China. Silk was considerated a luxurious product due to its brightness and texture, but in these days silk is used for the fabrication of regular items of cloting like shirts, blouses or even underwear.