The use of lightweight materials, such as aluminium or carbon fiber, is crucial. A lighter vehicle requires less energy to move, which improves battery effciency and overall performance.

Example: Imagine placing a 15- mpg SUV with a 50 mpg hybrid car. Over 10,000 miles, this switch saves approximately 400 gallons of fuel, reducing both costs and environmental impact.

Although, with some limitations, while some batteries are essential, they come with challenges such as high costs, environmental impacts from material extraction, and degradation over time, which affects their capacity.

Many EV owners are increasingly using renewable energy sources, such as solar panels, to charge their vehicles. This is not only reduces reliance on fossil fuels but also contributes to a lower carbon footprint

Renewable sources: A natural resource that can replenish with the passage of time

Non renewable sources: A source that will run out if the rate of extraction is not maintained, A natural resource that does not replenish at a sustainable rate

Resource Reserves: A natural resource that has been identified in terms of quantity and quality

Renewability: Relates to a resource that can be replenished over time or is inexhaustible

AIMS :To improve an existing product by redesigning aspects of it to address environmental objectives. Ensuring a sustainable future for all

• Reusing is utilising an object more than one time.

• This takes into account of conventional reuse where the object is used again for similar purpose, and new-life reuse where it is used for an innovative purpose.

• An example of reusing is using disposable plastic or glass bottles to drink water from over again.

• Recycling consists of processing used materials into novel products in order to avert squandering potentially functional materials.

• It decreases the consumption of unsullied raw resources, trims down energy usage, lowering air and water pollution by dropping the need for “usual” waste discarding, and lastly lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

• An example of recycling is recycled paper.

Contexts include car engines, tyres or refurbished electronics.

Green design focuses on re - engineering to reduce environmental impact. The focus is on making change.

• Green design includes short term projects, small changes, and low risk projects.

  
  

• Contrastingly, Eco design is of great complexity, has a longer time frame and is high risk

• Green design refers products having a reduced effect on the environment for the entire life cycle.

MINIMISING:

Minimising environmental impacts within the

• Material extraction

• Manufacturing

• Use

• Disposal

limit how much you consume of disposal products. e.g. choosing a metal straw over a single use plastic straw

Dematerialisation

reduce amount of materials and energy in the product/service. improving efficiency e.g. using one type of material for a product. One-body hotel toothbrushes.

• Materials: Switching to a more sustainable, recyclable, environmentally friendly material

• Manufacturing Process: Switching to a more sustainable process using less energy and generating less waste

• Energy: Increasing energy efficiency

• Engineering: designing a product to be easily dismantled

Radical

• A complete change to the manufacturing process

• Result is a completely new product or service meeting the needs of the user in a unique way.

Assessment of all the energy combined in the Life Cycle of a product.

Government legislation labelling products and plastics by typed. sustainable, ethical and social impacts.

example: of eco design product