THE BANJAR WEDDING CAREMONY

THE BAJAU DARAT WEDDING CAREMONY

THE ORANG ASLI SENOI WEDDING CAREMONY

THE MINANGKABAU WEDDING CAREMONY

THE JAVANESE WEDDING CAREMONY

Proper start in Banjar community that is conducting an inquiry.

Every formal steps must begin from the man's side even both parties are in love.

The man's family will send a certain trusted individuals to investigate the woman’s family background.

These mediators are responsible to conduct the investigation and report back to the man's family.

If the relationship was approved, the family of the man will proceed to the next custom known as Adat Badatang.

Respected elders, will visit the woman’s home to make a formal proposal for the male's side.

This visit is often accompanied by poetic speech or riddles to express their intent.

If the proposal is well-received, the woman’s family will request a few days (usually 2–3) to provide a final decision before moving on to the next stage, known as Adat Bapapyuan.

Although the initial proposal was received positively, it does not yet mean that it has been fully accepted.

This second visit is crucial as it finalizes the outcome.

If the proposal is rejected, the wedding process ends here but if it accepted, the woman’s family will discloses the dowry (hantaran) that is usually in cash and prayer items, also the bridal gift (mahr) that is typically gold, such as a gold ring or chain.

The groom's family will delivers the dowry and prayer items.

Once the bride's family accepted it, the couple are considered formally engaged.

The engagement period is typically short around one until two months before the wedding caremony is held.

The akad nikah is scheduled based on the Islamic calendar because of Islamic values that was embraced by the Banjar.

Held at mosque or the bride's home.

After akad, the groom will return to his family's home first because there are more customs to observe before the actual wedding reception (bersanding).

The couple is not yet united until all customs are fulfilled.

Both the bride and the groom will not be allowed to leave their family's home for 1 until 2 days to prevent misfortunes or bad things happens.

Mak Andam (traditional beautician), will take care this couple by conducts traditional body care rituals such as bakasai or berkasir.

In bakasai, the body is scrubbed with finely ground herbal mixtures, believed to enhance the bride and groom’s radiance.

Followed by batimung, where the couple is bathed with fragrant water infused with traditional herbs, believed to remove unpleasant body odors and reveal their natural scent.

The final part of this ritual is Adat Bapacar similar to the Malay henna night.

Known as bridal bath.

Held at bride's house.

Mak andam will performs balarap the careful removal of facial hair.

Only done once in a woman's life before her first marriage.

Then badudus, symbolizing the couple’s transition from youth to adulthood.

They are bathed with water infused with various flowers, witnessed by close family members.

After that, the raising of the bridal canopy is performed by family representatives (usually from the groom’s side), and once done, no one else may enter or sleep in the room except the couple, after the bersanding ceremony.

Is a special occasion that is a celebration of joy and togetherness, with several important traditions taking place.

If the bride’s house is nearby, the groom walks accompanied by his entourage, call as parade and the groom (mearak pengantin) under a ceremonial umbrella with drumming or kuda kepang dancing.

If the distance is far, a decorated vehicle called Ba'arak Naga (dragon-shaped float) is used.

Then both bride and groom participate in the adat bausung being carried into the wedding hall by two strong men, symbolizing honor.

Finally, after reciting prayers and blessings, the ceremony ends with the Hadap-hadapan meal where the couple playfully feeds each other.

Is a initial process where the man seeks information about the prospective bride.

The man's family need to ensure that the bride-to-be is suitable in terms of character and family background.

Is a formal annoucement of engagement of couple.

After both families agree with this relationship, the man's family will send a representative to announce the engagement to the woman's family.

Is the sending gifts from groom's family to the bride in a formal caremony.

Gift can be in the form of cash, jewelry, clothing, and household items such as kitchenware and bedding.

Mandi Badak is a bridal shower caremony that will be performed few days before wedding caremony.

The purpose for this caremony is cleanse oneself spiritually and elevate the bridal party.

Bajau people usually carried out a wedding caremony according to Islamic customs and religion.

The groom recites the marriage vows in front of an imam or judge, with witnesses from both parties.

The bride getting invitation to the groom's famliy home after the wedding caremony.

The bride's family and relatives will escorted her to groom's house.

This signifies that the bride has been officially accepted by the groom's family.

Ngedede is a ceremony to send the bride back to her family home after staying a few days at the groom's house.

The purpose is to bring supplies and preparations for life together in their new home.

Is a send a ring headed by a deputy village chief to set the day after the ring was done be send.

Usually send the ring is done by parents and older family members.

Tok Batin / Porridge / Penghuhu / Jungkerah and Penggawa in different ethnic groups will be represent to held discussions in a large house or hall.

When the ceremony finished propose a date to set up the day of married about seven months, eight months or a year from the propose ceremony.

Both bride and the grooms will be sharpening their tooth to remove misfortune.

Bridal couple is required to perform the Berinai ceremony until next morning.

Fingers of both bride and groom will cover with crush henna leaves.

On the marriage ceremony, all family members will powdery bridal couple by sprinkle with rose water and glutinous rice as allow the marriage.

Bride will be decorated with various hand made accessories such as bracelet, a necklace made from beads of a variety of colors.

The ceremony ended by bathing the couple as the sign they already be husband and wife.

The bride will live in groom’s house for a few days before they returning back to bride’s home to stay for few days.

This is important so that the bridal couple will quickly friendly with their new family.

The woman’s family visits the man’s family.

The purpose is to determine whether the man is a suitable match for the woman.

As a gesture of goodwill and to strengthen the relationship, the woman’s family brings gifts for the man’s family.

Carried out by the woman’s family to subtly encourage or awaken the interest of the prospective groom.

It is customary for the woman to "take a drink" to the man.

If the gesture is accepted, the process moves to the next stage that is Batimbang Tando.

An exchange of symbolic items or tokens as a binding agreement such as keris, traditional fabric or other objects of historical value to the families.

Once completed, the next step involves a counseling session regarding the selection of the groom.

The bride's family visiting the groom’s family includeing the parents, traditional elders (Ninik Mamak), and other family elders from both sides.

The visiting party brings a complete set of betel nuts arranged in a pandanus leaf container called Carano.

The bride will seeks the permission and blessings from her maternal uncles, paternal relatives, and elder siblings.

She is represented by married relatives who deliver betel nuts while the groom’s side brings a package containing nipah palm and tobacco leaves.

This ceremony is also an opportunity to pray and formally announce the wedding plans to extended relatives.

Babako refers to the bride’s paternal family, who show their affection by helping to cover the wedding expenses according to their means.

The bride being invited to her father’s family home, and the eldest family members will offer advice.

The following day, the bride returns to her home, escorted by her paternal family, who bring various supplies.

Is a ritual where the bride’s nails are adorned with red henna conducted the night before the wedding.

The ceremony includes scented water from seven types of flowers, crushed leaves, a yellow umbrella, yellow cloths, and a special chair for the bride.

This is to shows love and blessings from the bride’s family.

The bride and groom’s nails are decorated with henna (Inai), accompanied by traditional Minang music and flute performances at night.

This stage involves the formal act of inviting and escorting the groom to the bride’s house for the wedding.

The groom receives an honorary title (Ijazah Pusaka), symbolizing maturity.

The bride’s family warmly receives the groom at the bride's home.

Elder women perform a symbolic gesture of blessing by sprinkling yellow rice on the groom.

Before entering the house, the groom’s feet are washed with water symbolizing purification and he walks over a white cloth to the wedding venue.

Conducted in accordance with Islamic law.

It begins with a recitation from the Holy Quran, followed by the marriage offer and acceptance (Ijab Kabul), marriage advice, and prayers.

Typically held on Friday afternoon.

This caremony conducted according to the couple's religion.

For Muslims, the marriage contract can take place in a mosque or at home.

Once the Akad Nikah (marriage contract) is completed, the groom waits outside for the next ceremonial stage.

Only after the completion of the Ijab Kabul (exchange of vows) can the traditional rituals proceed.

In this ceremony, kembar mayang (twin coconut flower arrangements) are taken out of the house and placed at a nearby intersection to ward off evil spirits.

These are decorative floral arrangements made from coconut leaves attached to a coconut trunk.

When the bride and groom are about three meters apart, they throw seven bundles of betel leaves tied with white thread at each other playfully and with laughter.

This ritual symbolizes that they are real human beings, not mystical creatures disguised as newlyweds and also represents love and loyalty.

The groom steps on a chicken egg with his right foot, breaking it, and the bride washes his foot with flower-scented water.

This act symbolizes a husband and father who will take responsibility for his family, and a wife who will be obedient and serve her husband faithfully.

The bride’s mother gently touches or caresses the groom, symbolizing her sincere acceptance of him as a new member of the family.

The bride’s father escorts the newlyweds to the wedding throne, while the bride’s mother gives them a sindur cloth.

This symbolizes the father showing the way to a happy life and the mother providing moral support.

This ritual involves the bride’s father seating the bride and groom on the wedding throne, symbolizing his full blessing and approval of their marriage.

The groom leaves his room accompanied by male relatives, with a respected family member leading the group.

At the same time, the bride exits her room accompanied by her attendants.

The couple then meets and sits at a table with family representatives and exchanges rings as a symbol of love.

With help from a traditional wedding facilitator (Pemaes), the couple walks hand-in-hand using their pinky fingers to the site of the kacar-kucur ritual.

The groom pours soybeans, peanuts, rice, corn, sticky rice, flowers, and an even number of coins into the bride’s lap.

This act symbolizes the groom providing for the household.

The bride accepts and wraps the items in a white cloth on her lap, representing a faithful and righteous wife.

The bride and groom feed each other rice, symbolizing that they will share life together in good times and bad, and enjoy their lives together in unity.

The bride’s parents welcome the groom’s parents at the front of the house and walk together to the ceremonial area.

The mothers walk in front, followed by the fathers.

The groom’s parents sit on the left side of the couple, and the bride’s parents on the right.

The bride and groom kneel and bow to ask for blessings from their parents first to the bride’s parents, then to the groom’s.

After all the ceremonial rituals are completed, the wedding reception begins.

Guests enjoy traditional Javanese food, accompanied by traditional Javanese dance and gamelan music.

Photography sessions and greetings with the bride and groom are also held.