The Evolution of Atomic Theory Map by Phua William [Pathlight]

460 BCE: Democritus's Atomic Hypothesis

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1803: John Dalton's Atomic Theory

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1897: J.J. Thomson

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1909-1911: Ernest Rutherford

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1913: Niels Bohr's Atomic Model

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1919: Discovery of the Proton

william_phua1 — 2025-08-12 10:06:48 UTC

Ernest Rutherford at Cambridge University identified the proton through nuclear transmutation experiments. By bombarding nitrogen gas with alpha particles, he discovered positively charged particles that were later named protons, completing our understanding of the basic atomic particles along with electrons and neutrons.

1925-1926: Erwin Schrödinger

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1932: Discovery of the Neutron

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James Chadwick at Cambridge University discovered the neutron by bombarding beryllium with alpha particles. This discovery completed our understanding of atomic structure by identifying the third fundamental particle, explaining atomic mass discrepancies and isotopes, and leading to advances in nuclear physics.