Overview of Learning Theories - Jimmie Gipson by

Behaviorism

jegipson2 — 2024-09-15 20:59:29 UTC

Behaviorism is the observation of behaviors and the ways individuals or things learn through their interactions with the environment. Two pioneers of behaviorism are John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Watson is known for his work on classical conditioning. Skinner developed the concept of operant conditioning. In instructional design, behaviorism is applied through reward systems (treats, points) for completing tasks or achieving learning goals. For example, in online courses, students earn badges or points for completing lessons and quizzes. These rewards motivate students to keep learning and moving through the course.

Cognitivism

jegipson2 — 2024-09-15 21:02:20 UTC

Cognitivism is understanding the mental processes involved in learning, such as memory, thinking, and problem-solving. It emphasizes the role of cognitive structures and how they impact learning. Two contributors to cognitivism are Jean Piaget and Jerome Bruner. Piaget is known for his theory of cognitive development stages, and Jerome Bruner developed the concept of mental development. Furthermore, a practical approach is to use concept maps or graphic organizers in instructional design to help learners organize and visualize information. For example, courses are designed with quizzes, videos, and activities that help students understand new information in steps. The lessons build on what students already know, helping them learn more effectively.

Constructivism

jegipson2 — 2024-09-15 21:03:45 UTC

Constructivism is a theory of knowledge where learners construct their meaning of the world through their experiences and reflections on those experiences. Contributors of constructivism are Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget. Vygotsky is known for his theory of social constructivism and the zone of proximal development. Furthermore, Piaget is influential in constructivism, focusing on stages of development. For example, students work together on projects using tools like Google Docs. By collaborating and solving problems, they learn through experience and from each other, helping them understand the material better.